Volume 14 | Issue 2 |

 Abstract

Background: Polyarthralgia in the context of febrile illnesses is frequently encountered in clinical practice and is prominent in post-infective states. Ayurveda describes Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia), honored as "Am?ta," as a premier Ras?yana with Jvaraghna, Shothahara, and Ved?n?sth?pana actions. Classical attributes--Tikta-Ka??ya rasa, Laghu-Snigdha gu?a, U??a v?rya, and Madhura vip?ka--suggest a rationale for its use in fever-associated joint pain that often has an ?ma component. Objective: To clinically evaluate the utility of Guduchi administered as Sa??aman? Va?i in relieving polyarthralgia associated with febrile conditions, while grounding the rationale, posology, and assessments in Ayurvedic textual principles. Methods: A pragmatic case-series of five adult patients with fever and concomitant polyarthralgia received Sa??aman? Va?i (two tablets, three times daily) for five days with u??a jala as anup?na. Outcomes were tracked daily using patient-reported pain (0-10 VAS), morning stiffness minutes, painful joint count, fever log, and an ?yurvedic ?ma-Agni symptom scale. Dietary and behavioral pathy?-apathy? were counseled per classics. No modern journal data were used to frame the rationale; all interpretive frameworks reference classical Ayurveda. Results: All patients reported 75-80% improvement in global joint pain by day 5, with concordant reductions in stiffness, painful joint counts, and resolution of fever. Appetite, lightness, and sleep improved in parallel, suggesting favorable shifts in Agni and Do?a-?ma status. No adverse effects were recorded. Conclusion: Within the Ayurvedic paradigm, Guduchi--administered as Sa??aman? Va?i--appears to be a safe, fast-acting, and systemically supportive intervention for febrile polyarthralgia, likely via Deepana-P?cana, Jvaraghna, V?ta-Kapha ?amana, Shothahara, and Ras?yana effects. The present case-series, while limited in size and duration, aligns closely with classical descriptions and supports further controlled exploration.

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 Keywords

Guduchi; Tinospora cordifolia; Sa??aman? Va?i; Polyarthralgia; Jvara; ?ma; Ras?yana; Ved?n?sth?pana; Ayurveda

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Background: Kleda is the functional fluid component of the body responsible for maintaining Snigdhata, Mardavata, and Picchilata of tissues and for supporting normal Dhatu Poshana and Srotasa Pravahana. Its pathological state, Vikrita Kleda, leads to abnormal fluid accumulation and plays a central role in the Samprapti of Sotha, a Kleda-pradhana Vyadhi characterized by Utseda due to Tridosha Prakopa and Rasavaha Srotas Dushti. Despite its importance, Kleda has largely remained a conceptual entity with limited objective evaluation. Aim: To establish Sothagata Vikrita Kleda as an etiopathological entity and to study its correlation with laboratory parameters in Sotha. Materials and Methods: This observational study included 100 patients (20 each of Prameha, Sthoulya, Sotha, Kustha, and Vrana). Vikrita Kleda was assessed using classical Lakshanas along with laboratory investigations including inflammatory markers, renal function tests, metabolic parameters, and protein status. Results: Sotha patients showed the highest expression of Vikrita Kleda, with Utseda (100%), Anga Vivarnata (95%), Gaurava (90%), and Anavasthita Sotha and Ushma (85%). Laboratory findings revealed raised ESR (70%), CRP (60%), renal and metabolic derangements, hypoproteinemia (50%), and hypoalbuminemia (40%), indicating impaired Kleda Nishkramana and Dhatu Kshaya. Conclusion: The study provides objective evidence that Sothagata Vikrita Kleda is a measurable and clinically significant pathological state.

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Sotha, Sothagata Vikrita Kleda, Kleda, , ESR, CRP, Oedema

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A detailed and accurate evaluation of brain tumors from medical images is a requirement in modern medical care because early detection has a powerful impact on treatment outcomes. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is common for the investigation of brain disorders, but it is labour intensive and reliant on interpretive experience to read scans with expert observers. This paper develops NeuroAI, an automated system for detecting brain tumor anomalies that makes use of deep learning-based object detection to analyse MRI scans. The proposed model utilizes YOLOv8 to localize tumor sites and subcategorize tumor types such as meningioma, glioma, pituitary tumors and non-tumor cases. ARG, or Retrieval Augmented Generation, provides contextual medical explanations for the types of tumors that were observed and makes the system more readable. The model is trained and assessed using MRI scans from The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA). It also includes confidence levels and IoU values to balance the sensitivity and detection accuracy. Observations have shown that the system reliably detects and classifies brain tumors, which indicates that this system can function as a conduit for clinical decision-making and medical education.

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Brain Tumor Detection, MRI Analysis, YOLOv8, Deep Learning, Object Detection, Anomaly Detection, Medical Artificial Intelligence

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The arrival of Portuguese explorers in India in the late 15th century marked a turning point in the country's history, bringing with it not only a new chapter of trade and colonization but also profound religious changes. One of the most significant aspects of the Portuguese presence in India was the introduction of Christianity. The Portuguese were driven by a strong desire to spread Christianity to distant lands. The Catholic Church, closely intertwined with the Portuguese monarchy, provided both moral and financial support for their religious endeavors. This zeal to convert the indigenous population often clashed with the existing religious diversity in India. While religious motivations were central, economic interests and colonial ambitions played a significant role in the Portuguese presence in India. The establishment of trading posts and control over key ports gave them an economic advantage, but these ambitions frequently conflicted with the religious practices and beliefs of the local population. The clash between European Christianity and indigenous religious beliefs was inevitable. The Portuguese viewed the local practices as pagan and idolatrous, leading to misunderstandings and tensions. The rich tapestry of Indian spirituality, with its diverse pantheon of gods and rituals, contrasted sharply with the monotheistic tenets of Christianity. This article delves into the historical context, methods of propagation, impact on indigenous beliefs, cultural exchange, and the enduring legacy of Christianity's introduction by the Portuguese.

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Christianity, Religion, Europeans.

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Secure Vision AI addresses the growing challenge of detecting violent and suspicious activities in video surveillance systems. Traditional monitoring methods rely heavily on human observation, which often leads to delayed responses and missed incidents. This work presents a deep learning-based real-time violence detection framework that combines Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) for spatial feature extraction with Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks for temporal analysis. Live video streams are processed, pre-processed, and analyzed to identify violent actions with high accuracy. The system generates instant alerts and securely stores detection results using Supa base for future analysis. Experimental evaluation demonstrates that the hybrid CNN-LSTM model outperforms individual models in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score, making it suitable for real-time surveillance applications.

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Secure Vision AI, Violence Detection, CNN, LSTM, Deep Learning, Real-Time Surveillance, Computer Vision

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Ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) is a revolutionary construction material characterized by compressive strengths exceeding 150 MPa and exceptional durability. However, its widespread commercial application is hindered by the high cost of its components, particularly the specialized steel fibers required for ductility. This research explores a sustainable and cost-effective alternative: the use of macro fibers recycled from waste glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites, derived from decommissioned wind turbine blades. This study investigates the mechanical properties, workability, and environmental impact of varying concentrations of recycled GFRP macro fibers (Type I: 30mm and Type II: 60mm) within a UHPC matrix. Experimental evaluations include free mini-slump tests, compressive strength tests, and four-point bending tests. Results reveal that while fiber addition slightly reduces workability and compressive strength (by ~21.8%), it yields a 1.5-fold increase in flexural strength and a remarkable 46.9-fold increase in toughness compared to plain UHPC. This research provides a pathway for waste valorization and the production of eco-friendly, high-performance infrastructure materials.

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UHPC, Recycled GFRP, Sustainable Construction, Waste Valorization, Flexural Toughness, Wind Turbine Waste, Circular Economy

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Climate change has emerged as one of the most pressing global challenges, reshaping ecosystems, livelihoods and patterns of human survival, particularly in vulnerable coastal regions. Literary representations of climate-affected spaces offer critical insights into how communities negotiate environmental uncertainty and adaptation. This paper examines Amitav Ghosh's The Hungry Tide (2004) through the conceptual framework of climate change adaptation, arguing that the novel anticipates contemporary climate discourse by portraying adaptive survival strategies in a fragile, climate-sensitive ecosystem. Set in the Sundarbans, a deltaic region increasingly vulnerable to rising sea levels, cyclones and ecological instability, the novel presents adaptation not as a technological solution but as a lived, cultural and ethical practice. Drawing on ecocritical and postcolonial methodologies, this study explores how marginalized communities adapt to environmental uncertainty through indigenous knowledge, mobility and negotiated coexistence with non-human forces. The paper also critiques state-led conservation and development models that fail to account for climate vulnerability and social justice. By foregrounding human-animal conflict, displacement and ecological precarity, The Hungry Tide reveals how climate change disproportionately affects the poor while privileging institutional power. The paper argues that Ghosh's narrative reframes adaptation as an ethical process rooted in humility, resilience and interdependence rather than control. In doing so, the novel emerges as an important literary intervention that deepens our understanding of climate adaptation in postcolonial contexts, where environmental change intersects with historical marginalization and political exclusion.

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Climate Change Adaptation, Eco-literature, Sundarbans, Postcolonial Ecocriticism and Environmental Vulnerability.

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This project is focused on enhancing bike security, addressing common issues associated with traditional key lock mechanisms, such as key loss or duplication, which can increase the risk of bike theft. To combat these challenges, we have developed a "smart bike" system that provides next-level security using a fingerprint sensor. Users can easily start the bike by scanning their fingerprints, with the system capable of storing up to 127 fingerprint images. If a recognized fingerprint is scanned, the bike will power on; conversely, an incorrect scan will activate a buzzer and send an alert to the bike owner, indicating unauthorized access attempts.

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Smart Bike System, Intelligent Vehicle Access, Multi-Level Security System, Unauthorized Access Prevention, Real-Time Emergency Communication.

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This paper focuses on the various ethnic identities in North East India as well as the emergence of socio-religious movement where politically they have to campaign and fight for their land, language, culture and so on. With the existence of diverse culture and plurality in nature culturally and geographically, the people in North East face several challenges and are in desperate need for their revival and progress of their own identities. They face the threat from the dominant of the plain tribes and religion which could become a threat to their ancestral identities.

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Zeliangrong Heraka, Seng Khasi, Meitei, Indianness, ethnicity, Hinduisation, sanskritisation.

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Samajik Samrasta Ka Aadarsh : Rahim Ka Drishtikon

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Samajik Samrasta Ka Aadarsh : Rahim Ka Drishtikon

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