Volume 13 | Issue 8 | August-2025

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Activated carbon, plant biomass, adsorption, sustainable, climate change.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Cloudbursts--intense, short-duration downpours over small areas--are increasingly implicated in flash floods and landslide disasters across steep terrains, notably the Himalaya. This paper synthesizes physical mechanisms (thermodynamic moisture scaling, mesoscale dynamics, and orographic forcing), recent detection/attribution evidence, and South Asia case studies to assess whether and how climate change is intensifying extreme sub-daily precipitation and flood risk. We also outline data and policy priorities: densified observations, convective-scale modelling, impact-based warnings, land-use regulation, and nature-based solutions. Findings align with IPCC AR6 conclusions that heavy precipitation is increasing with warming; regional attribution studies further link recent catastrophic floods in Pakistan and the western Himalaya to anthropogenic climate change.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Cloudbursts, Extreme Rainfall and Flood Risk in a Warming Climate: Processes, Evidence, and Policy Implications

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Sustainable development and biodiversity conservation are two intertwined fields that prioritize ecosystem preservation, social advancement, economic expansion, and environmental preservation. The most pressing environmental, socio-economic, and political problem of our time is climate change, which is also one of the main drivers of desertification. Desertification is mostly caused by changes in the climate and human activity like overuse, improper farming methods, deforestation, rapid population increase, and unauthorized access to land and rights. One of the global environmental problems, desertification is the ongoing deterioration of arid landscapes, leading to a decrease in biological productivity. This, in turn, causes a decline in plant biomass, a reduction in land productivity for livestock, crop yields, and societal welfare. However, the effects of desertification brought on by human activity and global warming present difficult problems for the ecosystem today. Because of the extreme variations in temperature and precipitation, ecosystem services in arid regions are particularly susceptible to the effects of global warming. Climate change adaptation and mitigation are two potential strategies identified to address the effects of global warming or desertification. It involves breeding crops, using irrigation techniques to cool the environment, trading plants for carbon, and utilizing carbon capture and storage technology. Therefore, biodiversity conservation and global climate change reduction are linked to ecosystem management strategies aimed at halting desertification. Therefore, the population of the drylands may benefit from greater co-operation and efficacy that arises from the combined implementation of significant environmental accords.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Climate change (CC), Desertification, Ecosystem, Biodiversity

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Through generations of close engagement with their surroundings, Indigenous and local communities have developed cumulative, adaptive, and place-based knowledge known as Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK). TEK offers a comprehensive understanding of ecosystems, species behavior, seasonal cycles, and sustainable resource management. It is based on cultural beliefs, practices, and oral traditions. TEK is becoming more widely acknowledged as an essential supplement to scientific approaches in biodiversity and land conservation, especially as society contends with rapid biodiversity loss, land degradation, and climate change (1,2).The importance of TEK in protecting ecological balance and managing natural resources is examined in this review. TEK-based methods demonstrating sustainable land use and biodiversity conservation include community-managed forests, rotational farming, sacred groves, and traditional irrigation systems (3). Through culturally embedded practices, indigenous communities around the world--such as Aboriginal Australians, the Inuit, and in India, the Bishnoi, Apatani, and Khasi-Garo tribes--have successfully conserved ecosystems. Where scientific data is scarce, TEK excels in community-led species identification and habitat restoration initiatives (4,5).Globalization, ecosystem disruption, cultural deterioration, and weak legal protections pose major threats to TEK despite its importance (Aswani et al., 2018). Furthermore, urgent calls for Indigenous data sovereignty and equitable partnerships have emerged in reaction to ethical concerns surrounding TEK exploitation (3). Future conservation efforts must bridge TEK and contemporary science through ethical collaboration, policy support, and participatory models (2,4). This paper advocates for the recognition, preservation, and integration of TEK into national and global conservation strategies. Respecting Indigenous rights and empowering communities will foster biodiversity resilience, cultural continuity, and sustainable development.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK), Biodiversity Conservation,Indigenous Knowledge Systems,Sustainable Land Management, Community-Based Conservation

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Biodiversity is the variety of flora and fauna on Earth. It is crucial for maintaining healthy ecosystems, supporting human life, and ensuring the planet's long-term sustainability. Unfortunately, human activities such as deforestation, pollution, climate change, and urban expansion are causing rapid loss of biodiversity around the world. To address this urgent issue, scientists and conservationists are increasingly turning to modern sensor technologies as powerful tools for monitoring and protecting wildlife and natural habitats. Technologies like camera traps, acoustic sensors, drones, and satellite imaging are now being widely used to observe animals, track environmental changes, and collect data across large and remote areas. These tools allow for real-time, non-invasive, and continuous monitoring of ecosystems, reducing the need for physical presence in the field. This paper reviews how different types of sensors are used in biodiversity research and conservation projects, how they are deployed in various environments, and how their data is processed using advanced technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Overall, the study highlights how sensor technologies are transforming the way we monitor and conserve biodiversity, helping to make more informed and effective decisions to protect nature. It's need of the hour to conserve the nature for present and future generations. It's our responsibility to protect biodiversity by using latest technologies. This year i.e. 2025 theme of world Nature conservation day is also "Connecting people and plants, Exploring digital innovation in wildlife conservation" also supports India's LiFE (Life Style for Environment).

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

camera traps, acoustic sensors, drones, satellite imaging

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Climate change stands as one of the most pressing environmental issues of the 21st century, exerting profound and wide-ranging effects on ecosystems and biodiversity. Today's organisms have evolved from ancestors that endured significant climatic fluctuations in the past; however, they now face a host of new, human-induced challenges, including the unprecedented pace of current climate change. Birds, in particular, serve as highly sensitive indicators of these shifts, with their migration patterns, breeding schedules, feeding habits, and habitat preferences increasingly disrupted by altered climate conditions. Since birds rely heavily on stable environmental cues for their survival, even minor changes in temperature, rainfall, or seasonal timing can trigger substantial ecological imbalances. Migration and reproduction in many avian species are governed by internal biological mechanisms shaped by long-term natural selection, ensuring that arrival at and departure from breeding grounds align with moderate weather, peak food resources, and adequate nesting sites. Egg-laying timing typically depends on both internal clocks and local environmental conditions to maximize food availability for raising offspring. Climate change is disrupting this balance, causing mismatches in food supply, snow cover, and other critical factors, which could jeopardize successful migration and reproduction unless species adapt to new conditions. Non-migratory (resident) birds are also vulnerable if changes in temperature or precipitation lead to seasonal mismatches in breeding and food availability. Projections that many current climate types will vanish while novel climates emerge indicate that avian communities may be reshaped dramatically through extinctions and range shifts. This study seeks to investigate the complex effects of climate change on bird life, using case studies, field observations, and ecological modeling. A clearer understanding of how birds respond to environmental pressures will help identify the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that could hinder their ability to adapt--an urgent priority for future research.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

bird, climate change, bird migration, avian reproduction penology, egg lying

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Eastern Ghats' Nallamala Biosphere Reserve includes the Ahobilam Reserved Forests, which are home to a wide variety of plants and animals. This study evaluated species diversity by conducting ecological surveys in riparian, dry deciduous, and moist deciduous ecosystems. In addition to a number of therapeutic understory plants essential to regional ethnomedicine, vegetation research identified dominating tree species such Anogeissus latifolia, Tectona grandis, and Cochlospermum religiosum. Bengal tigers (Panthera tigris), leopards (Panthera pardus), sambar deer (Rusa unicolor), Indian pangolins (Manis crassicaudata) and many bird and insect species were among the ecologically significant species found in the area, according to research on faunal diversity conducted with line transects and camera traps. Simpson's and Shannon-Wiener's species diversity indexes showed moderate to high biodiversity. Riparian and mixed-deciduous environments with intricate canopy and understory structure were highly correlated with the occurrence of wildlife. The results highlight Ahobilam's ecological significance as a hotspot for biodiversity and a useful wildlife corridor in the NSTR ecosystem. However, habitat degradation and pilgrim inflow pose hazards to the area. To maintain the region's floral and faunal richness, conservation measures like controlled tourism, habitat preservation, and biodiversity monitoring are advised.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Ahobilam, Nallamala, Flora, Fauna, Biodiversity, Habitat, Conservation.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This paper addresses the "Triple Challenge" of climate change, desertification, and biodiversity loss, arguing that fragmented responses are inadequate. It advocates for integrated, transdisciplinary solutions and nature-based approaches, recognizing synergistic effects and shared drivers. The research uses extensive mixed-methods, combining quantitative (remote sensing, GIS) with qualitative (case studies, participatory action research). It values co-design, multi-criteria analysis, and frameworks integrating social and ecological aspects. Key findings show integrated land management improves biodiversity and ecosystem services, especially in desertified areas. Successful conservation hinges on effective governance, flexible management, and local/traditional knowledge, offering superior economic trade-offs. Empowering locals and integrating their knowledge is crucial for collaborative, equitable conservation. This fosters ownership, improves initiative efficiency, and promotes local prosperity. Community-based ecotourism models sustainable human-natural system development.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

? Main topics | Biodiversity Conservation, Climate Change, Desertification, Sustainable Development ? Key methods | Mixed-Methods, Participatory Action Research ? Central concepts | Integrated Solutions, Community Empowerment

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This article examines how the integration of connected sensor systems and advanced analytical models is transforming the aquaculture industry. The convergence of these technologies provides a powerful framework for real-time monitoring and data collection, allowing for more informed and strategic management of aquatic farms. By leveraging these tools, producers can optimize operational efficiency, mitigate environmental impact, and proactively address risks like disease outbreaks. While challenges exist regarding data reliability and system complexity, continued innovation and collaboration are expected to make these technologies central to the future of sustainable aquaculture.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Aquaculture, Smart Farming, Internet of Things (IoT), Sensors, Data Analytics, Optimization, Sustainability.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA) and the Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (CICES) are the two main classification schemes that can be used to categorize ecosystem services. The ecosystem services are separated into four main service clusters: providing, cultural, regulating, and sustaining. However, the "MEA supporting services" are viewed by the CICES system as an organism's intrinsic function rather as an ecosystem service. Therefore, the provisioning, regulating and cultural CICES ecosystem services that one organism provides are all based on one function. These ecological services can be examined for the species of plants, animals, or environment. The blue-green economy and climate change are making seaweeds, frequently referred to as marine macro algae, one of the most significant organisms in estuary and seawater habitat ecosystems. Throughout the beginning, seaweeds and humans have been connected, mostly because they provide food, textiles, biochemicals, natural medicine, ornamental materials, inspiration for art, and aesthetic qualities in many coastal communities. These are also being researched as carbon sequestration, green carbon, and potential sources for the pharmaceutical and biomedical industries. The ecological functions that seaweeds offer, their effects on human existence, and the preservation of ecosystem condition are all succinctly reviewed here.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, Ecological services, The blue-green economy, climate change, Carbon sequestration

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition