Volume 13 | Issue 8 |

 Abstract

Understanding natural images requires not only selecting an appropriate algorithm but also incorporating mechanisms for adapting to contextual variations. Traditional image classification and recognition pipelines often rely on fixed models that fail when applied to diverse datasets or varying environmental conditions. To overcome this limitation, we present a framework that dynamically selects algorithms based on problem characteristics and employs a high-level feedback mechanism for iterative refinement. The framework integrates low-level feature extraction, algorithm evaluation, and a supervisory layer that adapts decision-making through feedback loops. Experimental results across benchmark datasets demonstrate that the proposed method improves accuracy, robustness, and scalability compared to static single-algorithm approaches. The findings highlight the importance of adaptive selection strategies and interactive feedback in advancing natural image understanding.

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 Keywords

Natural Image Understanding; Algorithm Selection; High-Level Feedback; Adaptive Framework; Image Classification

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 Abstract

Abstract: This study examines the relationship between teacher educators' awareness of the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 and their perceived challenges in implementing the policy within Indian educational institutions. Drawing upon empirical data, the findings indicate that teacher educators generally possess a moderate level of awareness regarding NEP 2020, with awareness scores exhibiting substantial variation across dimensions such as curriculum, quality education, professional development, technology, and overall policy impact. Statistical analysis using Pearson correlation revealed that, for teacher educators, there is no significant relationship between the overall awareness of NEP 2020 and their perceived challenges in its implementation (r = -0.034, not significant). This suggests that increased policy awareness among teacher educators does not correspond to a greater or lesser perception of challenges in enacting NEP 2020 reforms. The results contrast with findings from higher education faculty, where higher awareness was positively correlated with increased recognition of implementation challenges. These findings underscore that, within the cohort of teacher educators, the perception of challenges associated with NEP 2020 is likely influenced by contextual and institutional factors--such as resource availability, infrastructural support, and organizational culture--rather than policy awareness alone. The study highlights the importance of targeted capacity-building and systemic support to address identified barriers, irrespective of baseline awareness levels among teacher educators. In doing so, the research informs policymakers and educational leaders about the nuanced dynamics underpinning large-scale educational reform implementation.

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 Keywords

Key Words--NEP 2020, Nature of NEP 2020, Relationship (Between Awareness and Challenges), Teacher Educators, Awareness, Perceived Challenges, Implementation

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This cross-sectional study aims to assess the awareness, attitude, and factors influencing HPV vaccination decisions among Adolescent girls aged 13-18 years in selected schools in Coimbatore. A total of 200 young girls were surveyed using a structured, pre-validated questionnaire. The results revealed that 90% of participants had heard of HPV, and 80% were aware of the HPV vaccine. However, only 60% understood that the vaccine prevents cancer, with gaps in awareness regarding its full protective benefits. Regarding attitudes, 75% of participants believed the vaccine was important, and 65% expressed willingness to get vaccinated. Parental support emerged as a key factor influencing vaccination decisions, with 80% reporting parental encouragement. Peer influence (50%), belief in the vaccine's effectiveness (75%), and concerns about side effects (20%) were also significant factors in decision-making. Cost of the vaccine was less of a concern, as 75% of participants did not see it as a barrier.The study highlights the need for targeted educational interventions to address misconceptions about HPV, its vaccine, and safety concerns, aiming to increase vaccination uptake and prevent HPV -related diseases in future generations.

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 Keywords

HPV vaccination, adolescent girls, awareness, attitude, parental support, vaccine effectiveness, peer influence , Vaccination decision

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 Abstract

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Surgical, inflammation, tissues.

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Background: Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) is a serious global public health problem connected with cognitive impairments in teenagers including as low school performance, attention, and memory. Although homeopathy and other alternative treatments are gaining attention, iron supplementation continues to be the scientific underpinnings of treatment. Objective: Considering methodological rigor, safety, mechanistic explanations, and clinical outcomes, this study reviews the evidence on homeopathy's possible function in improving cognition in iron-deficient anemic children. Methods: Peer-reviewed biomedical and CAM literature were systematically evaluated on children (10-19 years) with IDA who had homeopathic treatment; randomized trials, observational studies, and theoretical papers were covered. Primary results were the standardized cognitive tests; secondary outcomes were hematologic markers, school success, and unfavorable events. Risk of bias and certainty were assessed using the RoB 2 and GRADE techniques. Results: There were no thorough investigations specifically linking homeopathy to cognitive enhancement in this population. Due to inadequate sample sizes, varied therapies, and dubious cognitive markers, the existing literature is technically flawed. Observed cognitive advantages were more closely related to iron supplementation. No apparent adverse effects were observed with homeopathy. Conclusion: The claim that homeopathy enhances cognitive function in iron-deficient anemic youngsters is not supported by any trustworthy data. Iron replenishment continues to be the basis of treatment. Only in well-informed care systems and morally created research can homeopathy be studied as a low-risk complement.

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 Keywords

Iron-deficiency anaemia, adolescents, cognition, homeopathy, iron supplementation, cognitive enhancement

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 Abstract

Background: Menstruation refers to the monthly discharge through the vagina of blood and other substances from the uterus in non pregnant adult females. Premenstrual syndrome (PMS), occurs 7-14 days before the onset of menstruation and subsides with the commencement of menstrual flow, affects women during their reproductive age, and is associated with physical, psychological and behavioral changes. Premenstrual syndrome is characterized by a complex set of symptoms which include physical, psychological and behavioral changes of varying severity. Aim: To assess the prevalence of premenstrual syndrome and its coping strategies among female students of selected college Agartala, Tripura. Method and Material: A quantitative research approach and non-experimental descriptive research design was adopted to collect the data from 150 female students studying at Ramthakur College, Agartala, Tripura by using systematic random sampling technique. Checklists were used to assess the prevalence of premenstrual syndrome and its coping strategies. Chi square test was used to find out association between prevalence of premenstrual syndrome and its coping strategies among female students with their selected demographical variables. After the data collection researcher distributed an information booklet related to premenstrual syndrome and its management to the respondents.

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 Keywords

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS), Coping strategies, Female students, Information booklet.

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 Abstract

Fareed Bani Vichla Bimb-Vidhan

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Fareed Bani Vichla Bimb-Vidhan

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The Intelligent Smoke Sensing and Exhaust Fan Activation via IoT aims to enhance indoor safety by detecting smoke and automatically responding. This system uses an Arduino UNO along with an MQ-2 sensor to constantly keep track of smoke levels in the air. When the smoke exceeds a certain limit, it automatically turns on an exhaust fan and a buzzer to clear the smoke and alert nearby people. Once the air quality goes back to normal, both the fan and buzzer turn off, helping to save energy. The setup is affordable, energy-efficient, and runs on its own without needing manual control. It's also compatible with IoT platforms, making it a flexible and scalable option for smart homes, labs, and industrial settings.

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Internet of Things, smoke sensing, air quality monitoring, automation, smart home, energy efficiency, alert system.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This study investigates the performance of the GSM, resistance to tearing, resistance to surface fiber aggregation, and fabric drape coefficient of the Panne Velvet fabric. These investigations were assessed by laboratory tests. The GSM of the fabric was determined by using the "Digital Weight Balance." The resistance to tearing is evaluated as per the ASTM D412 standard test method. The resistance to surface fiber aggregation was facilitated by the "Autopill 2BX Tester," and the fabric drape coefficient was measured by using "The Eureka Drape Meter." The results from the instrument measurements demonstrate the suitability of Panne velvet fabric for various textile applications, highlighting its structural characteristics, mechanical performance, and user-friendly properties.

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GSM, Resistance to Tearing, Resistance to Surface fibre aggregation, Fabric drape coefficient.

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 Abstract

Introduction: Putting one step towards to extend the family is the crucial stage of life to become a parent. When a couple is seen and counselled about pregnancy, its course and outcome well before the time of actual conception is called periconceptional counselling. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to identify the effect of structured teaching program on knowledge regarding Preconception care among the eligible women in selected villages. Objectives: 1) To assess the pre-test level of knowledge regarding preconception care among the eligible women in selected village of south Gujarat. 2)To assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programmed on knowledge level regarding preconception care among the eligible women. 3) To find out the association between pre-test score of knowledge regarding preconception care among the eligible women in villages of South Gujarat with their selected socio demographic variable. Method: Quantitative Research Approach design is sub-division of pre-experimental research design. With one group pre-test post-test research design was adopted for this study. A total of 100 eligible women who were selected by Purposive sampling technique. Data was collected by using structured teaching program consisting of socio demographic variables and self-structured questionaries. Results: The overall mean percentage of knowledge in the pre-test was 10.41 with standard deviation 2.01. The overall mean percentage of knowledge in the post-test was 15.54 with standard deviation 1.7 with a positive mean difference 5.13. there is significant association between pre-test knowledge score of eligible women and selected socio demographic variables is accepted for age of the mother and education. Interpretation and conclusion: Results shows that post-test knowledge score is significantly higher than the pre-test score at p <0.05 level of significance i.e., mean difference is 5.13. There is significant improvement in knowledge of eligible women regarding pre- conception care.

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 Keywords

SD: Standard Deviation, S: Significant, N: Sample

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