Volume 12 | Issue 8 |

 Abstract

The Tribal History of India is rich with real evidences of resistance and rebellion against landlords, contractors, moneylenders, exploiters of Santhal people, agents of colonial rule and corrupted government officials. Among these, the factual history of Sidho-Kanho and Phulo-Jhano stand out for their heroic roles in the Santhal rebellion of 1855-56. Sidho and Kanho Murmu, along with their sisters Phulo and Jhano, emerged as key figures in the uprising of the Santhal Tribe against the oppressive regime and exploitative practices of local landlords. The Santhal rebellion was primarily driven by the oppressive tax policies and unfair land acquisition practices imposed by the British rule. The Murmu siblings galvanized the Santhal community, emphasizing the need for unity and resistance to protect their land and cultural identity. Sidho and Kanho, in particular, were instrumental in organizing the rebellion, rallying thousands of Santhals to take up arms against their oppressors. Their leadership was marked by strategic guerrilla warfare tactics, which initially brought significant victories against the British forces. Phulo and Jhano also played crucial roles, not just as supporters, but as active participants in the rebellion. They symbolized the strength and resilience of Santhal women, contributing to the morale and combat readiness of their compatriots. Their involvement highlighted the gender-inclusive nature of the Santhal uprising, showcasing the vital role women played in the struggle for freedom and justice. Despite their initial successes, the rebellion was eventually suppressed by the superior military might of the British. Sidho and Kanho were captured and executed and many Santhals faced brutal reprisals. However, the legacy of Sidho-Kanho and Phulo-Jhano endures as a symbol of resistance and courage. Their story continues to inspire the Santhal community and others, serving as a poignant reminder of the fight against oppression and the quest for dignity and rights.

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 Keywords

Santhal rebellion, Sidho-Kanho, Phulo-Jhano, British colonialism, resistance, Santhal tribe, oppression, guerrilla warfare, leadership, cultural identity, gender inclusivity, legacy.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Asian communities consume 1.5 g turmeric daily per person. Turmeric use in the field of medicine was described in Asia thousands of years ago. Curcumin has the potential to prevent or treat various physiological processes, including cardiovascular disease, carcinogenesis, wound healing and inflammation. The curcumin content in collected from local markets as well as from different geographical regions varied from1.94 to 3.10%. The geographical variation of farmed turmeric showed that comparatively higher content of curcumin was obtained from the sample collected from Kalady (Ernakulam district), followed by Kalpatta (Wyanad district) and Cherthala (Alappuzha district). Among the turmeric powder available in local market, comparatively higher concentrations were observed in Treesa and Eastern, and no wide variations observed between rests of them. The common adulterants found in turmeric powder were absent in the analysed samples. Even though curcumin contents in turmeric powders were slightly lower compared to farmed, all were free off toxic chemicals.

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Turmeric, curcumin, adulterants.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Bhartiya Darshan Mein Pratyaksha Pramana : Ek Sankshipt Vivechan.

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Bhartiya Darshan Mein Pratyaksha Pramana : Ek Sankshipt Vivechan.

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The study titled "Brand Positioning of various Players in the Landscaping Sector and Their Competitive Dynamics in Hyderabad Using Multi-Dimensional Scaling" was conducted in Hyderabad, Telangana. This research aimed to map the brand positioning of key competitors of VRUKSHA KUTEERAM in the landscaping industry (covering both residential and institutional segments) and analyze their competitive landscape within the Hyderabad region. A structured survey was administered to 60 customers, encompassing both residential and institutional clients from different areas of the city. The survey employed a purposive and proportionate random sampling technique. The objective was to chart the competitive positioning of these firms as perceived by customers and to delineate their relative standings. The study utilized a similarity or dissimilarity approach to multidimensional scaling to position these landscaping companies. Respondents evaluated the companies on various attributes, with their ratings averaged to determine perceived dissimilarities. The analysis sought to identify the optimal number of dimensions for positioning these companies, considering solutions in 4-dimensional, 3-dimensional, 2-dimensional, and 1-dimensional spaces. The 4-dimensional solution was selected as the most effective based on stress values, with dimensions including value for money, design, after-sales service, and ease of use.

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Multidimensional scaling, Brand positioning, Customer

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The demand for sustainable and high-performance concrete solutions has prompted the exploration of alternative materials to enhance the properties of conventional concrete. This research investigates the combined use of Alccofine, a supplementary cementitious material, and M-sand, a fine aggregate alternative, in concrete mixtures. The study focuses on optimizing mix designs to improve strength, durability, and sustainability aspects. The methodology involves a thorough material characterization of Alccofine and M-sand, followed by a systematic mix design process. The workability, compressive strength, flexural strength, and tensile strength of concrete mixes with varying proportions of Alccofine and M-sand are evaluated at different curing ages. Durability tests, including resistance to chloride penetration, chloride and sulfate attack, are conducted to assess the long-term performance of the M60 grade concrete.

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Alccofine, Chloride attack, Durability, M-sand, Sulphate attack.

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Angika Abhinaya is one of the major and fundamental parts for an actor. Along with the various forms, it is one of the first forms of performance mentioned in the Bharata Natyasastra and Abhinaya Darpana. Generally looking at the field of folk theater in Assam, it can be seen that dance music songs and acting have been able to spread in Assamese people's lives as a whole. But apart from these arts, there are many art forms scattered in different parts of Assam where the story of the play is narrated through dance song acting as well as body language. Like Indian folk theater or Sanskrit plays, Assamese folk theater also focuses on the angika, or body. The whole performance delivers a physical performance to the audience. During staging any play or act, they use their body as a tool. The features and usage of different forms of Angika abhinaya are somewhere accompanied by Ojapali folk form, even though the new generation is still unknown about the elements behind the performance. Understanding about the theatrical elements of ojapali form, which is basically similar with Angikabhinaya, an actor or a performer can use ojapali form and their appropriate body movements in modern theater. This study basically aims to get an idea of this folk culture and proposes to introduce to its basic movements.

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Angika abhinaya, Assamese folk theatre, Ojapali

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The flipped learning model is an effective pedagogical model that can create more engagement in learners. In this study, 100 Prospective Teachers were selected from a Teacher Training Institute. Fifty student teachers were randomly assigned as the control and the rest as the experimental group. The researcher priory chose a topic related to educational psychology to conduct--a flipped class conducted with self-prepared audio, video and e-text materials. Due to the pandemic, the in-class activities were performed using the online tool Vevox to create effective classroom interaction. A randomised Post-test control group design adapted, finally achievement test conducted. The result revealed Flipped learning model effectively teaches Prospective Teachers educational psychology subjects compared to traditional methods.

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Flipped Classroom, Kahoot, Achievement and Prospective Teachers

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Gastro, Retentive, Formulation, Remogliflozin

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Aryavart Bank came into existence on 1st April, 2019 under the provisions of Regional Rural Banks Act,1976 and Government of India notification dated 22/02/2019. Operating area of bank spreads in 26 districts of Uttar Pradesh. All branches and Regional Offices are on CBS platform. RTGS/NEFT facility is enabled in all branches. Bank is committed to provide banking services in rural areas of Uttar Pradesh in effective way. Bank fulfilled its commitment in its way. It is proved by the annual reports and the balance sheets of the Bank. Bank has to performance much more according to necessities and aspirations of rural world.

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Aryavart Bank, Economic Development, Command Area, Real India

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition