Volume 13 | Issue 6 |

 Abstract

Employee attrition has emerged as a significant challenge in the IT sector, affecting organisational stability, productivity, and growth. This study aims to analyze the key factors leading to employee attrition and its overall impact on IT organizations. The research identifies common causes such as lack of career growth, job dissatisfaction, work-life imbalance, and competitive job offers. The study further examines how attrition affects training cost, employee morale and organizational performance. The findings highlights the need for effective human resource strategies to improve retention, including career development programs, employee engagement initiatives, and competitive compensation structures. This study provides valuable insights for HR managers and policymakers to understand attrition patterns and develop proactive measures to reduce turnover in the IT industry.

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 Keywords

Employee Attrition, Rention strategies, Human Resources, Turnover, Employee Engagement, work-life immbalance

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 Abstract

Sophocles' Oedipus Rex explores the tragic interplay between predestined fate and individual free will, constructing a narrative where human agency and divine prophecy collide. This paper critically analyses that paradox, integrating a psychoanalytic lens- especially Freudian interpretations of the Oedipus complex- to uncover the subconscious dimensions of Oedipus' choices and desires. The argument situates Oedipus as a figure of existential tension: a man condemned by fate but active in shaping his downfall. Using thematic analysis, character psychology, and textual interpretation, the paper argues that the tragedy lies not merely in fate's inescapability but in the illusion of freedom. Citations from classical and modern critics are used to support key points, illuminating the enduring relevance of Sophocles' masterpiece.

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 Keywords

Fate, Agency, Unconscious, Tragedy, Identity.

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The Panchatantra, an ancient Indian collection of animal stories, has always been cherished for its moral teachings. However, its significant environmental wisdom is often overlooked. This paper re-examines some of these classic stories through an eco-critical lens, focusing on nature and our relationship with it. By delving into these fables, we uncover their subtle emphasis on ecological balance, highlighting the interconnectedness and interdependence of all natural elements. They also give a voice to non-human agency, demonstrating that animals are not mere narrative props but active participants with their own roles and impact on their surroundings. Examining how animals interact with their environments in these tales reveals timeless lessons about our treatment of nature and how different communities, both human and animal, can coexist. This study underscores how ancient narratives remain incredibly relevant when addressing modern ecological challenges.

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Panchatantra, Environment, Eco-Criticism, Modern Ecology.

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Advaita Mallavarman's Titas, the name of a river, is not just a portrait of the life of a marginalized community, but rather a literary translation of a multidimensional human tragedy.In this novel, women, rivers, and loneliness become symbols of a socially alienated existence. Motherhood, love, broken dreams, and the crisis of self-identity--all of these interrelationships are built within a historical and anthropological context.Basanti, Ananta's mother, and Anantabala--none of them are just 'characters', but rather they are silent reflections of the self-sacrificing life of Bengali women.The characters of Kishore and Ananta reflect the real pain and breakdown of patriarchal society. The river and the woman stand in coexistence with each other--on the one hand, the bearer of culture, on the other, the reflection of emptiness.This study analyzes the novel's literary qualities, feminist reading, sociological depth, and philosophical questions, where the inherent gap between expectation and achievement becomes a resonance of the eternal failure of human life.

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 Keywords

Feminism, motherhood, self-identity, river symbolism, marginalization, cultural decline, loneliness.

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 Abstract

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Multitasking is an integral part of the teaching profession. Teachers want to manage simultaneous responsibilities, such as delivering engaging lessons, addressing student inquiries and completing administrative tasks, all while fostering a supportive learning environment. Despite its importance, limited research has explored how teachers experience and navigate multitasking in their daily professional lives. Teachers often face the challenge of balancing multiple tasks simultaneously in their classrooms. This literature review explores the role of multitasking in teaching effectiveness, drawing on various studies that analyse its implications for pedagogy, student outcomes, and teacher well-being. While multitasking is often unavoidable in educational settings, its effects can vary significantly depending on task complexity, teacher proficiency, and contextual factors. This paper synthesizes existing research review, see the multitasking effect on teaching effectiveness and suggests strategies to optimize its benefits while mitigating its drawbacks.

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Multitasking, Teaching, Teaching Effectiveness.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Over the past decade and a half, social media has transitioned from being a consumer-centric communication medium to a vital strategic tool for modern corporations. Companies across sectors now utilize platforms such as LinkedIn, X (formerly Twitter), Instagram, YouTube, and TikTok to build brand equity, engage customers in real time, co-create products, attract talent, and maintain investor relations. This literature review synthesizes current academic and industry findings on the multifaceted impact of social media on corporate performance. While numerous studies report positive outcomes such as increased sales, enhanced customer loyalty, reduced marketing costs, and improved brand visibility, other research highlights risks including reputational crises, misinformation, and data privacy breaches. The paper categorizes these effects under value creation and value erosion, and identifies the contextual factors -- such as industry type, platform strategy, and organizational readiness -- that moderate these outcomes. By clarifying existing evidence and reconciling divergent findings, this review also outlines key gaps in the literature and proposes directions for future research, especially in emerging markets and underrepresented industries. The findings underscore the importance of an integrated, analytics-driven social media strategy to maximize corporate performance while mitigating digital risks.

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A Literature Review on the Impact of Social Media on Corporate Performance

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"The culture of silence is what enables sexual harassment to thrive. We must break the silence and create safe spaces for victims to speak out." How safe are sports events for athletes, participants, and fans? As the alarming rate of sexual harassment incidents is reported in sports events, the question has emerged as one of the forefronts of discussions in connection with athletes' welfare and event safety. This study aims to explore the dynamic of sexual harassment in sports more importantly the experiences and perspectives of victims. It further looks at the complex power structure, gender dynamics, and culture which all play a role in the prevalence of sexual harassment in sports settings. This paper outlines the case studies and legal frameworks. It reveals the psychological, emotional, and career implications of the act to the victims most of which remain silent and unreported since anticipate being fired, stigmatized, or lack support. This research reveals the inadequacy of current protective measures and response protocols, highlighting that more effective preventive strategies and awareness programs should be provided to sports organizations. Where possible, the focus has been shifted to amplify victims' voices to draw attention to the changes in the global sports events that are much needed for safety, and inclusiveness.

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Sexual harassment in Sports, victim perspective, Case studies, Measures, Legal frame, Sports event

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract: Malware propagation in dynamic computer networks poses a significant threat to enterprise security, often bypassing traditional detection systems due to its adaptive and stealthy nature. Existing solutions based on rule-based or static machine learning models fail to capture the complex, evolving relationships between network entities over time. This paper proposes a novel approach leveraging Temporal Graph Neural Networks (TGNNs) for the effective detection of malware propagation in dynamic network environments. By modeling the computer network as a time-evolving graph, where nodes represent hosts and edges represent communication flows, the framework captures both structural dependencies and temporal patterns inherent in malware behavior. The proposed model integrates temporal attention mechanisms and dynamic node embeddings to learn context-aware representations, enabling accurate differentiation between normal and malicious propagation paths. Extensive experiments on benchmark datasets such as CTU-13, CICIDS2017, and UNSW-NB15 demonstrate that our TGNN-based approach significantly outperforms traditional intrusion detection models in terms of detection accuracy, false positive rate, and scalability. This work highlights the potential of temporal graph learning as a robust and interpretable method for early-stage malware detection in real-world, time-sensitive network environments.

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Temporal Graph Neural Network (TGNN), Dynamic Networks, Network Security

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Choreography is far more than a technical arrangement of movements; it is a profound synthesis of emotion, intellect, tradition, and innovation. This study explores choreography as both a conceptual framework and a practical necessity in classical dance, emphasizing its role as a transformative force that shapes not only performances but personalities. Rooted in the intellectual depth of tradition and the evolving demands of contemporary expression, choreography becomes a medium through which inner vision meets outward articulation. The research focuses on the nuanced challenges of dance direction in the classical idiom, analyzing the interplay between form, narrative, audience perception, and performer readiness. Drawing from the insights of veteran choreographers like Jhelum Paranjape, the study highlights the importance of authenticity, conviction, and creative intent. It examines choreography as a silent dialogue--between dancer and audience, past and present, tradition and experiment. With increasing awareness among parents and students about dance's developmental value, the relevance of structured, meaningful choreography has never been greater. Ultimately, this work underscores choreography's role as the invisible force that breathes life into performance, crafting a space where history, spirituality, and innovation converge in graceful continuity.

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 Keywords

dance, challenges, choreography, performance, classical dance

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition