Volume 13 | Issue 2 |

 Abstract

Shrinkflation--the practice of reducing product size or quantity while maintaining price--has become increasingly prevalent in the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) sector. With a focus on artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, this paper provides a comprehensive review of recent advancements in shrinkflation detection. Conventional methods of identifying shrinkflation, like manual comparisons and user feedback, usually fall short when confronted with minor variations and the vast volume of products. However, significant advancements in image recognition, natural language processing, and data analytics are made feasible by artificial intelligence (AI), which enables more accurate and timely detection of shrinkflation activities. From its early applications to the most recent developments that help businesses and consumers alike, the paper examines how AI has evolved in this setting. It also looks at the challenges AI faces, including as issues with data quality, the intricacy of product variations, and moral conundrums. Through case studies, the study illustrates how AI may be used effectively to detect shrinkflation in the FMCG sector. It also discusses potential future developments that could enhance these technologies even further. The findings suggest that even though AI has greatly enhanced the ability to detect shrinkflation, further advancements and a better integration with other technologies are required to maintain market openness and customer confidence.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Shrinkflation, FMCG, Artificial Intelligence (AI)

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This study explores customer perception of Flipkart's selective marketing strategies in the Madurai district of Tamil Nadu, focusing on the Big Billion Days sales event and the Flipkart Plus loyalty program. With the rapid expansion of e-commerce in India, Flipkart has leveraged targeted marketing to enhance engagement in tier-2 cities. Using a descriptive research design, data was collected through surveys and structured questionnaires from Flipkart users in Madurai. The findings reveal that younger, educated, and middle-income consumers form the core customer base, with social media playing a crucial role in marketing awareness. Regression analysis indicates that the impact of Flipkart's strategies significantly influences customer loyalty, while ANOVA tests show variations in product preferences based on income levels. However, preferences for discounts and Flipkart Plus benefits remain largely consistent across income groups. These insights highlight the need for Flipkart to refine its localized marketing strategies by targeting diverse consumer segments, optimizing promotional campaigns, and enhancing the value of its loyalty programs. The study provides actionable recommendations to improve customer engagement and satisfaction, ensuring Flipkart's sustained growth in emerging markets like Madurai.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Flipkart, Selective Marketing, Big Billion Days, Flipkart Plus, Customer Perception, E-commerce, Madurai, Consumer Behavior, Customer Loyalty, Marketing Strategies, Digital Marketing, Promotional Campaigns, Customer Engagement

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The increasing environmental concerns and rising fuel costs have driven the demand for alternative fuel technologies in the automotive sector. This study explores consumer perception towards CNG-fueled bikes in Bajaj, with a special focus on Coimbatore, a city known for its industrial growth and environmentally conscious consumers. The research examines consumer awareness, purchase intentions, and key factors influencing the adoption of CNG bikes, including demographic influences, environmental concerns, economic benefits, and perceived performance and safety. Using a mixed-method approach, the study incorporates both qualitative and quantitative data, employing statistical tools such as ANOVA, regression, and Chi-Square tests. The findings reveal that while consumers recognize the environmental benefits and cost-effectiveness of CNG bikes, concerns over infrastructure, limited refueling stations, and performance issues hinder adoption. The study highlights the need for targeted awareness campaigns, improved infrastructure, and government incentives to promote the use of CNG-powered two-wheelers. Manufacturers like Bajaj should focus on consumer education, emphasizing long-term savings and enhancing marketing strategies to drive demand. This research provides valuable insights for automobile manufacturers, policymakers, and environmental advocates to support the transition towards sustainable two-wheeler transportation in India.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Consumer perception, purchase intention, economic benefits, fuel efficiency, environmental awareness, performance and safety, infrastructure availability, alternative fuel vehicles, market adoption, and CNG-fueled bikes.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Double Wishbone Independent A-Arm Suspension System is a best choice among all other types of Independent Suspension Systems for enhancing handling, stability, and performance in high-performance vehicles. This study focuses on the design, calculations, and analysis of the suspension system, incorporating direct coil-over spring dampers mounted from the lower A-arm to the chassis at the front and from the upper A-arm to the chassis at the rear, optimizing ride comfort and dynamic response. Lotus Suspension Analysis Software determines the suspension geometry and hard points, calculating camber gain, spring rate, bump load, caster, and roll center for optimal kinematics. The steering knuckle's structural integrity is analysed using ANSYS simulation, evaluating factor of safety (FOS), total deformation, and equivalent stress under dynamic loads. Solidworks software is employed for 3D modelling, ensuring a lightweight yet robust design that balances strength and weight optimization for improved vehicle dynamics. This study provides detailed insights into force distribution and real-world applicability, with Lotus, ANSYS, and SolidWorks ensuring a comprehensive validation of performance parameters, making it ideal for high-performance applications.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Double Wishbone Suspension, A-Arm Suspension, Coil-Over Spring Dampers, Suspension Geometry, Lotus Suspension Simulator, Camber Gain, Spring Rate, Bump Load, Caster Angle, Roll Center, Steering Knuckle, ANSYS Simulation, Factor of Safety (FOS), Total Deformation, Equivalent Stress, SolidWorks 3D Modelling, Vehicle Dynamics, Performance Vehicles.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

It is well recognized that phytochemicals derived from plants may contain anti-inflammatory properties. Numerous research have documented the potential ability of medicinal plants' pure chemicals, crude extracts, and metal/metal oxide nanoparticles (M/MONPs) to reduce inflammation and treat disease. This paper reviews the present state of research on medicinal plant phytochemicals and their nanoparticles as anti-inflammatory medicines based on multiple investigations. About fifty medicinal plants were found to have phytochemicals that represent the class of flavonoids, terpenoids, polyphenols, saponins, tannins, alkaloids, anthraquinones, chemical constituents of essential oils, and some of their M/MONPs for the treatment of inflammatory illnesses. These plants' natural compounds showed encouraging anti-inflammatory properties to treat inflammatory illnesses of the skin, liver, heart, joints, gastrointestinal tract, nervous system, and lungs.. Additionally, a brief synopsis of the mechanism of action of phytochemicals and their M/MONPs agents against inflammation is provided. Numerous investigations into the phytochemistry, M/MONPs, and anti-inflammatory properties of phytochemicals derived from medicinal plants have produced new, safe medication with fewer adverse effects. As a result, this review might encourage researchers to look more closely at the use of natural medicinal plant items and their nanoparticles to treat various illnesses.By blocking the cyclooxygenase enzyme isoform from metabolizing arachidonic acid, which reduces prostaglandin formation, a number of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been shown to reduce pain and inflammation. Unfortunately, there are certain side effects associated with the administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. However, certain therapeutic herbs have anti-inflammatory qualities that are either insignificant or have no negative consequences. On the African continent, there are several medicinal plants with anti-inflammatory qualities that have been shown to be effective in treating inflammatory disorders in traditional medicine. It's interesting to note that scientists have investigated several of these African medicinal plants and documented their biological and therapeutic qualities. Sadly, not a single review has documented the anti-inflammatory properties of medicinal herbs from around Africa.Uses of anti-inflammatory medicinal herbs and ethnobotanical knowledge from It has been demonstrated that certain nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications can lessen pain and inflammation by preventing the cyclooxygenase enzyme isoform from metabolizing arachidonic acid, which lowers prostaglandin synthesis. Regretfully, the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications is linked to some adverse consequences. The anti-inflammatory properties of some medicinal herbs, however, are either negligible or have no adverse effects. Traditional medicine on the African continent has demonstrated the effectiveness of a number of medicinal plants with anti-inflammatory properties in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Interestingly, researchers have studied a number of these African medicinal plants and recorded their biological and therapeutic properties. Regretfully, no review has confirmed that medicinal herbs from all over Africa have anti-inflammatory qualities.Medicinal plant uses that reduce inflammation. It is important to describe the ethnobotanical knowledge and applications of anti-inflammatory medicinal plants from a small number of selected countries that represent different parts of the African continent. This study describes the anti-inflammatory qualities of a number of medicinal plants from different geographical regions of Africa in order to demonstrate the diversity of medicinal plants with traditional or therapeutic usage in the continent.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

INFLAMMATION, LOCAL PLANTS, MEDICINAL PLANTS, ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY, IN-VIVO MODELS ,MARKER COMPOUND

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

CSR activity in advertising is not just a scheme for social welfare; in recent eras, it's a pedestrian process to create a brand image among viewers and consumers. This research paper is primarily based on secondary data which aims to identify the correlation between Corporate Advertising and Corporate Social Responsibility in modern advertising trends. The study also emphasizes how advertisers create brand awareness under the spectrum of their products by promoting social messages for society. The study also includes a historical analysis of CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) advertising and its creative approach to promoting a brand by conveying a social message to the viewer. This research also analyzed the active participation and involvement of corporate brands in the nation-building activity by the triple bottom line concept which is people, profit, and planet. During COVID-19 along with the government's social awareness campaign, a few brands also contributed with some corporate social campaigns are also taken into account. India is a developing country and the maximum population of this country is youth. The study also refers to the impact of Corporate Social Advertising on youth and how these advertisement leads to behavioral changes as well as sales generation are also being discussed.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Advertising, CSR, Society, Social Responsibility, Corporate Advertising.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In the following research paper authors have emphasized the role of corporations and their governance in promoting environmental sustainability. This research highlights the public opinion and their views on this topic, of which data is collected through an online survey. The purpose of the study is to systematically outline all the critical areas that play a key role in maintaining the environment healthy from the side of the corporations. The research paper also highlights the concept of corporate social responsibility and its legal aspects.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Corporate Governance, Sustainable development, Environment, Transparency

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The way we teach English has changed dramatically in recent years due to globalization, advancements in technology, and the evolving needs of learners. However, English Language Teaching (ELT) still faces several challenges, such as catering to diverse linguistic backgrounds, ensuring quality teacher training, and integrating technology effectively. This paper delves into these issues while exploring innovative methods like task-based learning, blended instruction, and artificial intelligence applications. By bridging the gap between conventional and modern teaching approaches, this study offers insights into making ELT more effective and engaging. Additionally, we discuss policy recommendations that can help improve ELT in various educational settings.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

English Language Teaching, Multilingual Classrooms, Blended Learning, AI in Education, Task-Based Learning, Teacher Training, Communicative Competence

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The demand for Greater Tipraland--a self-governing region for the tribal communities in Tripura--has steadily gained momentum over the past two decades. This rise in support stems from a growing sense of ethnic pride and long-standing feelings of marginalization within the tribal population, particularly in light of historical changes that followed India's Partition.This study explores the roots of the Greater Tipraland movement and examines its social and political impact on inter-community relations, while also assessing its potential to ignite conflict. The research adopts a multi-method approach, combining insights from news articles, reports with data from a structured survey conducted among students at Tripura University, representing both tribal and non-tribal backgrounds. A total of 70 individuals were surveyed, revealing a significant divide: 88.6% of tribal participants supported the demand for Greater Tipraland, in contrast to only 2.9% of Bengali respondents.The call for Greater Tipraland highlights the political inequalities that persist in Tripura. To preserve peace and ensure sustainable development, policymakers must approach this issue with sensitivity and inclusivity. Addressing the historical grievances of tribal communities, while promoting equitable growth for all, will be key to fostering harmonious relationships among the diverse groups in the region.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Greater Tipraland, Ethnonationalism, Tribal Autonomy, Tripura, Conflict Resolution, Indigenous Rights, Intercommunity Relations

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In a time of fast changing digital landscapes and linked global systems, the convergence of cybersecurity and international relations has grown in importance. National security, international stability, and economic resilience have all faced previously unheard-of difficulties as a result of the growth of cybe-rthreats, such as ransomware attacks, data breaches, and cyber-espionage. With an emphasis on state-sponsored cyber-warfare, non-state actors, and the weaponization of cyberspace, this study explores the new challenges in cybersecurity in the framework of international relations. It examines the approaches taken by countries to deal with these issues, placing special emphasis on the creation and application of global regulations and cooperative structures.Thepaper explores how cybersecurity breaches affect diplomatic ties, focusing on noteworthy instances including cyberattacks on vital infrastructure and meddling in democratic processes. It also looks at how international institutions like the UN, NATO, and regional alliances might support a cyber order based on norms. The study also evaluates the ethical and legal aspects of cybersecurity, such as the difficulties in identifying particular actors responsible for cyberattacks, the creation of standards guiding state conduct in cyberspace, and striking a balance between cybersecurity precautions and individual privacy rights.The study also assesses current legislative initiatives as standards for global best practices, including the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) of the European Union and the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) of the United States. The study finds weaknesses in current systems and makes practical suggestions for enhancing global cybersecurity governance by examining case studies and policy frameworks. In order to reduce cyber threats and guarantee a safe digital future, the report emphasizes the necessity of a multi-stakeholder strategy encompassing governments, businesses, and civil society organizations.It seeks to educate practitioners, academics, and politicians on the vital necessity of giving cybersecurity top priority in diplomatic agendas and promoting a safe, resilient, and inclusive online environment.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Cybersecurity, International Relations, Cyber Threats, State-Sponsored Cyber Warfare, Cyber-Espionage, Cyber Policies, Global Cybersecurity Governance, Data Privacy, Cyber Norms, Collaborative Frameworks.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition