Volume 12 | Issue 12 |

 Abstract

Contact lenses are thin, curved lenses placed directly on the surface of the eye to correct vision. They offer an alternative to eyeglasses, providing unobstructed peripheral vision and cosmetic appeal. Contact lenses can correct various refractive errors, including myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, and presbyopia. A contract is a legally binding agreement between two or more parties that outlines the terms and conditions of a specific arrangement.

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 Keywords

CONTARACT DRUG Diagnosing Cataracts treatment Pharmacological Cataract surgery treatment

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Weeds in rice fields are a major problem because they compete with rice plants for nutrients, light and space, resulting in reduced yields and economic losses. Physical detection of weeds is problematic when human labor is scarce. The proposed solution includes a deep learning approach that uses a specially pre-trained DenseNet-121 model to increase efficiency in solving the problem of the negative impact of weed growth on rice crop by distinguishing between visually similar weeds and crops. This model is refined with a dataset created from images of rice fields, and data augmentation techniques are used to improve the reliability of the model. This approach implements and evaluates various metrics and improves accuracy by displaying test results. This method helps in accurate weed control which ultimately improves yield and reduces economic losses.The system underwent evaluation using a dataset of images sourced from a paddy field, demonstrating its capability of identifying and eliminating weeds with a precision exceeding 99%. The suggested approach has the potential to greatly minimize labor and environmental impacts associated with weed management, while enhancing the efficiency and precision of weed detection and removal in crop production.. In future integrating this model with real-time observation systems and applied knowledge will further improve its practical applicability in agriculture.

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 Keywords

Deep Learning , Data Augmentation , weed dataset

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Algorithmic Trading has modified and considerably increased international financial markets, allowing high-speed, high-frequency transactions through refined algorithms. It improves market strength and liquidity; but it collectively presents major moral and regulative challenges, especially regarding market fairness, transparency, and commercial protection. This paper examines these problems with selected stress on the Indian context, analyzing recent developments by the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) and diverse international regulative authorities aimed toward minimizing market manipulation and making certain fairness. The case studies highlight moral violations and regulatory reactions, as well as practices like spoofing and flash crashes. In response, recommended strategies are put forward for algorithmic design to guarantee ethical alignment, fairness evaluations, transparency via Explainable AI (XAI), and dedication to dependable regulative frameworks. The importance of progressive regulation and collaboration between stakeholders is emphasized to foster secure, equitable, and impartial trading surroundings, which is crucial for protective trust within the financial markets in the long term.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

AI, Algorithmic, Market, Trading.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The concept of Anthropocene is product of a consciousness which is incidental to the vigorous array of data indicating a key transformation in the Earth, recorded as changes to strata, similar to signatures recorded in the geological past, refashioning the relation between 'human' and 'non-human' and in effect intertwining them so that one cannot change without affecting the other. The fact that human activity is emerging as a decisive force in dictating the climatic systems of the planet correlates with the wider implications of the diminishing boundaries between 'human' and 'non-human'. The victims of colonization themselves became colonizers of the 'non-human' under the drive of 'modernity' that radiated from the West. As a consequence, the 'non-human' agency seeks expression that makes the 'human' rethink and reevaluate the arrogation of conscience and will only to itself. The theoretical underpinnings of Anthropocene, in the current context of 'modernity', serve to diminish the boundaries between the 'human' and the 'non-human', transforming both how we perceive and acknowledge them

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 Keywords

Anthropocene, modernity, colonizers, human, non-human

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The solubility of drugs plays a pivotal role in their bioavailability, particularly for poorly water-soluble drugs. Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) Class II drugs, characterized by high permeability but low solubility, pose significant challenges for effective drug formulation and therapeutic efficacy. This review delves into various solubility enhancement techniques employed for BCS Class II drugs, highlighting both conventional and advanced strategies. Techniques such as solid dispersions, complexation with cyclodextrins, nanosizing, lipid-based formulations, and the use of surfactants are discussed in detail, with a focus on their mechanisms, advantages, and limitations. Furthermore, emerging methods like amorphous drug formulations, nanocrystals, and supercritical fluid technology are explored, reflecting the ongoing innovation in pharmaceutical formulation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Bioavailability, Solubility, Nanosuspension, Dispersion, Lipophilicity

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Constructing embankments on soft clay deposits poses significant challenges in geotechnical engineering, especially in terms of ensuring stability and controlling settlement to meet design requirements. The observational method is commonly used in such cases, allowing for adjustments to the design during construction. Matsuo (1977) proposed a construction control chart that combines vertical and lateral displacements, making it particularly useful for predicting the failure of embankments on soft ground during construction. Soil properties, loading history, and environmental conditions all have a substantial impact on these predictions, even with small variations. To evaluate this, the paper compares field observations from a case history with results from finite element analysis (FEA) conducted using PLAXIS 2D. The finite element analysis shows a good agreement with the observed field data. The analysis of results shows that 22% and 36% of reduction in maximum settlement and lateral displacements respectively. Finally, the stability of the embankment is assessed using Matsuo's construction control chart which agrees with the construction stages.

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Embankment, Soft clay, Finite element Analysis, Stability

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Agricultural produce drying is a critical step in preserving food and reducing post-harvest losses. The drying methods often rely on fossil fuels, making them costly and environmentally harmful. To address these issues, a multipurpose solar dryer is designed specifically for agricultural purposes. This innovative system utilizes solar energy to efficiently dry various agricultural products, including fruits, vegetables, grains, and herbs. The design incorporates solar collectors, a heat exchanger, and a drying chamber, all powered by renewable energy sources. This solar dryer offers significant advantages such as reduced operating costs, minimal environmental impact, and improved product quality. Its versatility and adaptability make it a valuable tool for farmers in diverse geographical regions, aiding in the reduction of food waste and enhancing the sustainability of agricultural practices. Experimental testing and performance evaluation demonstrate the effectiveness of the multipurpose solar dryer in reducing moisture content, preserving nutritional quality, and extending the shelf life of dried products. The results highlight the potential of solar drying technologies in sustainable agriculture and food processing industries, contributing to food security and economic development in rural communities. This paper underscores the potential of solar drying technologies in addressing food security challenges, especially in rural areas where post-harvest losses are prevalent. By harnessing renewable energy sources like solar power, the solar dryer not only contributes to sustainable agricultural practices but also aligns with global efforts to mitigate climate change. Overall, the multipurpose solar dryer offers a viable solution for improving food preservation, reducing waste, and promoting economic resilience in agricultural sector.

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Solar Dryer, Multipurpose, Portable, Design, Drying, Collector & Heat exchanger

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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A significant societal issue, particularly among youngsters, is cyberbullying. "The deliberate, repeated, and hostile use of information technology to harm or harass other people" is the definition of cyberbullying. It has increased in popularity since the creation of social media platforms like Twitter and Facebook. The Internet is the sole foundation of contemporary society. People today have a hard time imagining life without the internet. People have been utilizing social networking sites in recent years to exchange information, thoughts, and ideas. Different types of content, including text, images, audio, and video data, may be used in these exchanges. Giving users the opportunity to manage the messages posted on their own private space is a significant problem in today's online social networks (OSNs), since it prevents the broadcast of inappropriate information. As of right present, OSNs hardly support this need. As a result, social media academics are placing more and more emphasis on the automatic identification of messages that engage in cyberbullying. The use of rules and norms, human moderators, and blacklists based on offensive language are some of the traditional strategies for combating cyberbullying. In order to automatically identify cyberbullying behaviors, a principled learning framework must be created. A flexible rule-based system that enables users to tailor the filtering criteria to be factual to their walls and a soft classifier powered by machine learning that automatically labels messages in content-based filtering help achieve this. Server can learn the words and save them in the database based on this filtering. Before the message can be exchanged, the server might review the words at the moment of transmission and prohibit.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Cyberbullying, social media, information technology, harassment, social networking sites, inappropriate content, content moderation, machine learning, rule-based system, soft classifier, offensive language, user control, filtering, human moderators, blacklists, automatic identification, server review, privacy.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Cervical cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer in women worldwide. Early detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) can improve patient survival .This paper proposes a deep learning-based technique for determining whether a cervical cancer diagnosis is good or bad. By harnessing the power of transfer learning, the framework combines the benefits of pre-trained models like ResNet50, MobileNet, and DenseNet with the capabilities of CNNs. Our architecture is trained on a comprehensive database of cervical cancer images, comprising both online sources and magnification data-generated images. Using this model, our body can identify cervical cancer as positive or negative, which shows the effectiveness of CNNs and changes the study by checking medical images.

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Cervical Cancer, Deep Learning, CNN, Transfer Learning, ResNet50, MobileNet, DenseNet

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In this project, a computerized greenhouse monitoring and control system is considered to control the environmental and climatic parameters for optimal plant growth. This system leverages sensor fusion of multiple sensors (temperature, humidity, soil moisture, and light intensity) for constant monitoring of the greenhouse environment. An embedded microcontroller reads the data and automatically controls devices such as fans, sprinklers, and lights (depending on the conditions needed for optimal plant growth). The automation minimizes the need for Human interference, saves water, and increases Energy efficiency. This system can be scaled for different greenhouse sizes and customized for various plant requirements.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Greenhouse, Sensor, Actuator, Environmental Monitoring, Controlling, IoT etc

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition