Volume 13 | Issue 12 |

 Abstract

Environmental aggressors such as UV radiation, visible light, infrared heat, and air pollutants constantly attack the human integumentary system, producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) that surpass endogenous antioxidant defences and hasten the ageing process of the skin. The clinical manifestation of chronic oxidative stress and subsequent matrix metalloproteinase upregulation with collagen degradation is photoaging, which is typified by wrinkle formation, dyschromia, textural deterioration, and barrier dysfunction. By neutralising free radicals, reducing inflammatory cascades, and maintaining dermal matrix integrity, antioxidant-based cosmeceuticals have become evidence-based treatments that enhance the skin's natural defences. For the main topical antioxidant classes, such as ascorbic acid and derivatives, tocopherols, polyphenolic compounds (catechins, resveratrol, curcuminoids), carotenoids, coenzyme Q10, niacinamide, and melatonin, this thorough review methodically assesses mechanistic underpinnings, preclinical studies, and human clinical evidence.A thorough analysis is conducted of the critical formulation factors that control stability, penetration, and clinical efficacy, such as pH optimisation, vehicle selection, encapsulation technologies, and synergistic combinations. Well-formulated antioxidant products, especially synergistic combinations like vitamins C, E, and ferulic acid, have been shown to improve visible signs of photoaging, improve barrier function, and offer significant photoprotection when combined with broad-spectrum sunscreens. Nonetheless, translational issues like regulatory heterogeneity, formulation instability, and bioavailability restrictions continue to exist. Advanced delivery systems, pollutant-specific formulations, microbiome-conscious designs, and customized strategies informed by unique phototype and exposome profiles are all part of future research trajectories.

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 Keywords

Antioxidants, Cosmeceuticals, Photoprotection, Reactive Oxygen Species, Vitamin C, Photoaging. Polyphenols, Skin Barrier, UV Radiation.

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 Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming the healthcare sector by improving diagnostic precision, personalizing treatment plans, and simplifying administrative workflows through advanced algorithms and machine learning techniques. This review highlights AI's growing influence in key areas such as medical imaging, diagnostics, individualized therapy, drug development, patient monitoring, and surgical support. By analyzing large and complex sets of medical data, AI enhances clinical decision-making, forecasts health outcomes, and strengthens hospital management systems. AI delivers numerous advantages, including fewer diagnostic mistakes, faster processing of clinical information, and reduced healthcare expenses. Looking ahead, AI is expected to drive further breakthroughs such as robot-assisted surgeries, virtual healthcare through remote consultations, and sophisticated health tracking using wearable technologies. The integration of AI not only improves patient outcomes but also advances medical research and boosts operational efficiency, contributing to a more accessible and effective global healthcare ecosystem. To fully realize the benefits of AI in healthcare, continuous research, strong regulatory frameworks, and strict adherence to ethical guidelines are necessary to safeguard patient wellbeing and maintain trust.

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 Keywords

Artificial intelligence, AI-led drug discovery, AI-assisted clinical trials, patients Care,drug discovery, drug development, Robotics. Scope of AI.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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 Keywords

Pogostemon benghalensis, Phytochemical analysis, DPPH, antioxidant

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Traditional grains such as millets, pulses, and coarse cereals, historically classified as inferior goods due to negative income elasticity, have undergone a profound revaluation in the 21st century. This transformation stems from robust scientific evidence highlighting their superior nutritional profiles--high in protein, fiber, and micronutrients--coupled with climate resilience and sustainability benefits. Drawing on secondary data from 2010-2025, including FAO Food Balance Sheets, ICMR-NIN databases, National Sample Survey (NSS) rounds, and policy documents, this study analyzes consumption trends, policy impacts, and market dynamics in India and globally. Key findings include India's millet production rising from 11.41 million tonnes (2010) to 17.96 million tonnes (2021), per capita pulse consumption stabilizing at 19.6 kg (2021-22), and quinoa's market surging to USD 79.83 billion (2024). Initiatives like the International Year of Millets (2023) and India's Millet Mission have reversed decline trends, positioning these grains as superior alternatives to refined cereals. This reclassification challenges classical economic theory, demonstrating how knowledge-driven preferences and institutional support elevate traditional foods, with implications for food security, public health, and sustainable agriculture aligned with SDGs 2, 3, and 13.

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 Keywords

Millets, Pulses, Inferior Goods, Nutrition Transition, Sustainable Agriculture, Income Elasticity, Food Security, Policy Interventions

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The pharmaceutical industry is one of the most resource-intensive manufacturing sectors, requiring strict quality control while simultaneously facing rising expectations for environmental sustainability. As global regulations and environmental standards evolve, the integration of a Green Quality System (GQS) has become a significant strategy to unify traditional Quality Management Systems (QMS) with eco-friendly manufacturing principles. This review highlights the importance of sustainable pharmaceutical manufacturing, including green chemistry, waste minimization, eco-efficient technology, and life cycle assessment (LCA). The paper explores the role of Quality by Design (QbD), Process Analytical Technology (PAT), and digital transformation in achieving sustainability goals. Challenges and future prospects are also discussed to support the adoption of green, compliant, and economically viable pharmaceutical systems.

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 Keywords

Green Quality System, Sustainable Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry, QbD, PAT, Green Chemistry, Life Cycle Assessment.

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The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 marks a significant shift in India's higher education landscape, particularly influencing Commerce and Management education. This study examines the policy's transformative initiatives aimed at fostering multidisciplinary learning, skill development, and industry relevance. NEP 2020 introduces major structural reforms, including the four-year undergraduate programme (FYUGP), Academic Bank of Credits, multiple entry-exit options, and a stronger emphasis on experiential learning through internships and vocational training. For Commerce and Management disciplines, the policy opens new avenues for integrating financial literacy, entrepreneurship, digital skills, business analytics, and global trade practices into the curriculum. While these reforms create opportunities for enhancing employability and aligning education with evolving market demands, they also present challenges related to institutional readiness, faculty training, and resource constraints. This article evaluates both the opportunities and the implementation barriers to provide a balanced understanding of the policy's impact on developing future-ready business graduates in India.

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NEP 2020, Commerce Education, Management Education, Higher Education Reform, Employability, Entrepreneurship Education.

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Abstract This paper examines Dr. B.R. Ambedkar's comprehensive approach to national integration through the lens of democratic principles, fraternal bonds, and social cohesion. Ambedkar's vision transcended mere political democracy to encompass a holistic framework of social democracy rooted in liberty, equality, and fraternity. His constitutional philosophy and social reform agenda provide enduring insights into building an integrated nation that accommodates diversity while maintaining unity. This study analyzes Ambedkar's theoretical contributions to democratic governance, his emphasis on fraternity as a binding force, and his strategies for achieving social cohesion in a heterogeneous society. The paper argues that Ambedkar's multidimensional approach to national integration remains remarkably relevant for contemporary democratic societies grappling with social fragmentation and communal tensions.

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Keywords: Ambedkar, democracy, fraternity, social cohesion, national integration, constitutional democracy, social democracy.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Software quality has become a critical concern in the global software industry, as poor quality leads to project delays, financial loss, and, in extreme cases, business failure. This review highlights the persistent challenges small and medium-sized software organizations face in software quality assurance (SQA) and testing. It categorizes the major obstacles, identifies responsible stakeholders, and examines why quality issues continue despite advancements in testing tools and practices. The study emphasizes the need for early defect detection, streamlined testing processes, effective communication, and improved requirement engineering to ensure reliable and high-quality software products.

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Software Quality Assurance, Software Testing, Defects, Stakeholders, Requirements, Challenges.

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 Abstract

Mising tribe is like one among several ethnic tribes inhabiting Assam under the spectrum of Tani group of people belonging to the Tibeto-Burman language speaking group of the greater Mongoloid race. Mising tribe is rich in folk literature and has abundance of folk tales and these folk tales are null and void without the mentioning of nature. It is found that nature plays very important role in the day-to-day life of the Mising people. The Misings people are directly associated with the elements of nature and their social life would be null and void without the mention of the nature be it traditional life, cultural life or religious life which have a genealogical association which has been transmitted from generation to other orally. Therefore, this paper is an attempt to study the role played by nature and how the natural elements are associated in shaping the life of the Mising people. Many works have been written down as a record keeping in the form of books and documents by the people of the community and others mentioning natural elements but no any specific research has been carried out so far in this specific topic on how natural elements play an important role in shaping the social life of the Misings people and to what extend those elements are associated with the life of the Misings people. This research would fill the gap and provide new information on the role and how the natural elements directly or indirectly have an impact on the social life of the Mising people.

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 Keywords

Folk Literature, folk tales, shaping social life, natural elements.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study examines the perceptions of employees working in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) toward the importance of social media in enhancing business performance. With growing digitalisation and competitive market pressure, social media has emerged as a crucial tool for marketing, communication, customer engagement, and business expansion. The study is relevant as many MSMEs still face challenges in effectively adopting digital platforms due to limited resources, skills, and awareness. A quantitative survey method was used, involving 120 employees from various MSMEs across service, manufacturing, retail, and creative sectors. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were applied to analyse opinions and examine associations between demographic variables and social media adoption perceptions. Findings indicate that the majority of employees strongly believe social media significantly boosts business visibility, customer reach, brand engagement, and sales conversions. Results emphasise the need for social-media-oriented training, digital literacy enhancement, and strategic adoption practices within MSMEs.

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 Keywords

MSMEs, Social-Media, Digital Marketing, Business Growth, Social Media Adoption

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition