Volume 13 | Issue 11 |

 Abstract

Geographically New Delhi lies at the centre of India, has become the extreme city smog in the world. Rather than perceiving dirty air as a temporary health crisis, this report addresses it as a persistent threat to a city economy, relationships with people and balance of nature that hits hard. The information on the sources of pollution - cars that puff smoke, factories that spew fumes, farm waste fires and building sites that kick up grit - is drawn together to indicate how they become one big load. That black brown smog at the horizon is not a weather condition, but rather a sign of a bigger fight between the expansion fantasies and the real-world destruction. With nothing powerful, interconnected acts, going on speedily, the mess of today will paste harm on children and even the unborn, burden business life, grind ecosystems faster, and it will be difficult to survive in the version of this megacity that will exist tomorrow.

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 Keywords

Delhi Air Pollution, PM2.5, Yamuna Pollution, Public Health Crisis, Urban Sustainability, Stubble Burning, Economic Impact, Environmental Policy And Future Threats.

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Parent involvement in online learning has become a crucial determinant of student success, especially following the rise of digital and remote education. As learning shifts from classroom-based environments to home-based digital platforms, the role of parents has expanded to include facilitation, supervision, and emotional support. This paper explores the significance of parental involvement in online learning, highlights the challenges that families face, and identifies opportunities for strengthening home-school partnerships in digital education. Drawing from contemporary research and family-school engagement frameworks, the study emphasizes how collaboration, digital literacy, and communication influence children's learning outcomes in virtual settings.

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Parent Involvement, Online Learning, Digital Education, Home-School Partnership, Remote Learning, Family Engagement

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Holistic development in primary education refers to the nurturing of a child's cognitive, emotional, social, physical, and moral dimensions. Teachers play a pivotal role in shaping these foundational aspects by creating supportive learning environments, fostering positive relationships, and implementing child-centered pedagogies. This paper examines how teachers contribute to holistic growth through instructional strategies, classroom climate, values education, and activity-based learning. Drawing from developmental theories and modern pedagogical practices, the study highlights the importance of teacher attitudes, communication, and inclusive approaches. The paper also identifies challenges and proposes strategies to strengthen teachers' roles in promoting overall development in young learners.

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Holistic Development, Primary Education, Child-Centered Learning, Teacher Role, Social-Emotional Learning, Values Education, Classroom Climate

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The development of critical thinking skills is essential in primary education to prepare students for lifelong learning and problem-solving. Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) offers a dynamic, student-centered approach that encourages questioning, exploration, and reflection rather than rote memorization. This paper investigates how inquiry-based teaching methods enhance critical thinking abilities among young learners. It explores theoretical foundations from constructivism (Piaget, Vygotsky, Dewey) and identifies pedagogical strategies that foster curiosity, reasoning, and independent thought. The findings indicate that inquiry-based classrooms stimulate deeper understanding, promote active engagement, and nurture creativity. Challenges such as teacher preparedness, curriculum constraints, and assessment limitations are also discussed. Recommendations are provided to integrate inquiry-based learning effectively in the primary education system.

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 Keywords

Critical Thinking, Inquiry-Based Learning, Constructivism, Primary Education, Problem Solving, Creativity

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

पंडित दीनदयाल उपाध्याय भारतीय जनसंघ के प्रमुख वैचारिक स्तंभ और एकात्म मानववाद के प्रवर्तक माने जाते हैं। उनके सामाजिक विचार भारतीय संस्कृति, परंपराओं और जीवन मूल्यों पर आधारित थे, जिनमें समाज को एक जीवित इकाई के रूप में देखा गया। उन्होंने पश्चिमी समाजवाद और पूंजीवाद की सीमाओं को स्पष्ट करते हुए भारतीय दृष्टिकोण को अधिक उपयुक्त बताया। उनके अनुसार मनुष्य का विकास केवल आर्थिक आधार पर नहीं, बल्कि शारीरिक, मानसिक, बौद्धिक और आध्यात्मिक संतुलन से संभव है। उनके चिंतन का केंद्र समरस समाज की स्थापना और अंत्योदय की संकल्पना थी, जिसके अनुसार अंतिम व्यक्ति का उत्थान किए बिना प्रगति अधूरी है। उनकी विचारधारा में ग्राम-केन्द्रित विकास, स्वावलंबन, नैतिकता और आचरण का विशेष महत्व है। उपाध्याय जी ने समाज में सामंजस्य और संगठन पर बल देते हुए वर्ग-संघर्ष को अस्वीकार किया और विभिन्न वर्गों एवं जातियों को पूरक मानकर एकात्मता पर ज़ोर दिया। वे मानते थे कि भारतीय समाज का वास्तविक आधार धर्म है, जिसे जीवन की संपूर्णता का मार्गदर्शक तत्व माना जाना चाहिए। यह शोध-पत्र उनके सामाजिक विचारों का विश्लेषण करता है और दर्शाता है कि उनका दर्शन केवल एक राजनीतिक विचारधारा न होकर भारतीय समाज को आत्मनिर्भर, समरस और नैतिक आधार पर पुनर्गठित करने का प्रयास है। आधुनिक भारत में भी उनका एकात्म मानववाद सामाजिक न्याय और सांस्कृतिक अस्मिता की दिशा में महत्वपूर्ण मार्गदर्शन प्रदान करता है।

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 Keywords

पंडित दीनदयाल उपाध्याय, सामाजिक विचार, एकात्म मानववाद, समरस समाज, अंत्योदय, भारतीय संस्कृति, ग्राम-केन्द्रित विकास, स्वावलंबन ।

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The design and development of a low-cost agricultural rover called Farm-bot is presented in this paper with the goal of helping farmers apply pesticides safely and effectively. An ESP32 micro-controller powers the system, which uses a relay module to run a pump motor and an L298N motor driver to control four DC motors in a 4WD setup. To ensure even distribution, the pesticide is sprayed through a nozzle boom and kept in a 2-liter tank. A 12V DC battery powers the entire system, and Proteus is used for simulation while the Arduino IDE is used to construct the control logic. CAD programs like Open SCAD and Fusion 360 were used to design the rover's chassis. The prototype is affordable for small and medium-sized farmers, with an estimated cost of INR8,000 to INR10,000. Future automation and sensor integration for autonomous field navigation are built upon this manually operated concept.

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 Keywords

ESP32, Precision Agriculture, Farm-bot, Insecticide Sprayer, 4WD Rover, and Embedded System

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The adoption of Digital Twin (DT) technology in aviation has transformed traditional aircraft design, maintenance, and operational efficiency through real-time synchronization between physical and virtual entities. However, the increased interconnectivity between cloud infrastructures, IoT devices, and artificial intelligence components has also expanded the cybersecurity threat surface. This research aims to analyze and classify the security risks and vulnerabilities associated with Digital Twin systems in aviation by examining their architecture, data flows, communication channels, and stakeholder interactions. The study proposes a multi-layered security framework that integrates risk assessment, threat modeling, and mitigation strategies designed specifically for aviation applications. The results highlight that a structured security approach can significantly reduce vulnerabilities related to data integrity, unauthorized access, and communication interception in aviation DT systems.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Digital Twin, Aviation Systems, Cybersecurity, Risk Analysis, Threat Modeling, Security Framework, Data Integrity

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Mobility is a basic skill that enables blind persons to achieve independence, confidence, and professional excellence. In the field of physiotherapy--where analyzing movement, interaction to patient, and spatial understanding are main--mobility training plays a life changing role. This article explores how orientation and mobility empower blind individuals to outstand in physiotherapy, enhance patient care, and overcome professional hurdles. It points up the need for structured mobility programs in physiotherapy education to create inclusive opportunities and makes clear perceptions of ability.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Visual Impairment, Physiotherapy, Orientation, Inclusion, Empowerment, Mobility, Communication.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Dhanuyatra of Bargarh is the oldest and the most famous one. Every year in the month of Pausa (December-January) it is celebrated for eleven days of the month from the 5th day of the bright fortnight till the full moon day. For this occasion, the town of Bargarh becomes the city of Mathura, the river Jeera becomes the river Yamuna and Ambapali situated on the other side of Jeera becomes Gopapura. For eleven days the entire Bargarh town transformed into a very big stage even though the story of Kansa, his ill-treatment to Krushna and his death are enacted in 14 main places at Mathura and 4 main places in Gopa. This mass festival, which came into existence in 1948 with the inertia of festive mood due to celebration of Indian Independence and victory over British rule, symbolically shows the victory of Lord Krishna, the embodiment of truth, justice and righteousness over Kansa who personifies arrogance and wickedness. This festival has earned its fame in the World as much due to the separate stage along with movable stage used to show the mythological story as also due to the special involvement of the entire populace in the process. Therefore, this festival is rightly called the greatest play in the world enacted in the biggest open-air theatre.

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 Keywords

Dhanuyatra, Bargarh, Mathura, Gopapura, Ambapali, Krishna, Kansa, Balaram, Jira

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The global manufacturing sector is in the process of a paradigm shift towards sustainability and the need to integrate green programs in the Human Resource Management (HRM) systems. The paper is a systematic review of the development of Sustainable Human Resource Management (SHRM) and Green Human Resource Management (GHRM), and their applications in the manufacturing industry, and their performance that applies to the emerging industrial centres like Pune in India. Based on extensive empirical and theoretical research in 2015-23, the review points out several practices, including green recruitment, environmental training, green performance management, and green intellectual capital, which are identified as the most valuable practices to facilitate sustainable organisational performance. The synergies between SHRM and Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) and Industry 4.0 practices are also discussed as with regard to methodological novelty, the fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making techniques are identified as methods of SHRM evaluation. Such research gaps as the small number of regionalised studies, the lack of combined models, and the under-researched employee-level effects are the key ones. The paper ends with recommendations about further research and policy, stating the necessity of local systems, leadership involvement, and the overall sustainability approaches in the manufacturing industry.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Sustainable Human Resource Management (SHRM), Green Human Resource Management (GHRM), Sustainability, Manufacturing Industry, Industry 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition