Volume 13 | Issue 11 |

 Abstract

The present study investigates the influence of NaCl stress on various organic metabolites in two varieties of Mulberry, Mysore Local and M5. The organic metabolites such as carbohydrates, proteins, total phenols, proline, total acid number and nitrogen contents were analyzed at different levels of (0.0, 0.25,0.5 and 1.0 Molar) NaCl stress in pot culture. Both the varieties showed moderate influence of salinity stress on organic constituents, there was slight inhibition in the proteins, sugars, Nitrogen and Total Acid number. Accumulation of proline and polyphenols act as osmoprotectants to overcome the NaCl stress. Among two cultivars variety M5 has got more salt tolerance capacity than the variety Mysore Local. The present study may help to screen salinity resistant cultivars.

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Salinity, Mulberry, Organic Metabolites, Nitrogen

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As the automotive industry aggressively looking to adopt sustainable materials, the design and analysis of environmentally friendly natural fiber composites is one of the promising solutions for reducing environmental impact. This study focuses on the development of a composite material derived from natural fibers (jute, hemp, sisal), specifically targeting its application in car front bumper beam. Static analysis was conducted using an ANSYS 21 to assess the tensile strength. Design of bumper beam created with the assistance of CATIA V5 R21. Finite element analysis (FEA) was employed to simulate the performance of the composite analyzing stress distribution and deformation under load. Conduct experiment using a Universal Testing Machine (UTM) and compare the FEA predictions to experimental predictions.

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 Keywords

Car front bumper, strength optimization, Natural composite material, Analysis, UTM.

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Artificial Intelligence (AI) is reshaping modern societies through its growing use in education, healthcare, governance, security, and daily life. Along with its rapid expansion, ethical concerns around fairness, transparency, accountability, and privacy have gained global attention. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the foundations of AI ethics, the theoretical principles guiding responsible AI development, and the need for robust regulatory frameworks. Drawing on global trends and international guidelines, the study explores challenges such as algorithmic bias, data misuse, surveillance, and social inequality. It also highlights strategies for promoting ethical and trustworthy AI systems through transparency mechanisms, diverse datasets, stakeholder participation, and continuous monitoring. The paper aims to support researchers, policymakers, and educators in understanding the significance of ethical principles in the digital era and the importance of aligning technological progress with human rights, social justice, and long-term public welfare.

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Artificial Intelligence, Ethics, Algorithmic Bias, Transparency, Accountability, Responsible Technology, Digital Governance

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India's labour reforms consolidated into four major labour codes to represent one of the most comprehensive restructurings of labour governance since independence. Designed to simplify compliance, expand social security, and modernize industrial relations, these reforms are expected to improve both business efficiency and worker welfare. This article critically examines the objectives, structural changes, anticipated benefits, implementation challenges, and the long-term implications of the labour reforms for sustainable economic growth. The analysis indicates that while the reforms hold substantial promise in enabling formalization and productivity, their success depends on effective execution, digital readiness, inter-state cooperation, and stakeholder awareness. Recommendations for strengthening implementation and maximizing socio-economic outcomes are also presented.

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Labour Reforms, Labour Codes, Industrial Relations, Social Security, Wage Code, Economic Growth, Informal Sector, Formalization of Employment, Labour Governance.

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Cancer remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, and the limitations of conventional therapies including poor drug selectivity, systemic toxicity, and multidrug resistance have accelerated the shift toward advanced nanotechnology-based treatment strategies. Nanomedicine offers remarkable potential to overcome these challenges through the development of smart nanocarriers capable of targeted delivery, improved tumour accumulation, and controlled drug release. This review provides a comprehensive overview of tumour-targeting mechanisms, including passive targeting via the Enhanced Permeability and Retention (EPR) effect and active targeting mediated by ligands such as antibodies, peptides, aptamers, and small molecules. Various nanocarriers including liposomes, dendrimers, polymeric micelles, carbon nanotubes, and gold nanoparticles are examined with respect to their structural features, advantages, and therapeutic applications in cancer treatment. Additionally, the role of endogenous and exogenous stimuli (pH, redox conditions, enzymes, temperature, light, and magnetic fields) in designing smart, stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems is discussed. Beyond therapeutic advances, this review highlights the economic and commercialization challenges faced by nanomedicine, including high production costs and limited large-scale industrial support, while emphasizing the long-term cost-effectiveness and clinical value of nanotherapeutics. Emerging approaches such as DNA-based nanostructures, hybrid nanoparticles, and next-generation cancer immunotherapies including nanoparticle-enabled cancer vaccines underscore the future direction of personalized oncology. Overall, nanotechnology continues to redefine cancer therapy by offering more precise, efficient, and patient-specific treatment options with the potential to greatly improve therapeutic outcomes.

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Nanomedicine, Targeted drug delivery, Stimuli-responsive nanocarriers, Gold nanoparticles, Aptamer-based targeting, Peptide targeting, etc.

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Crowd control is a critical aspect of public safety management, particularly in large gatherings such as festivals, sports events, protests, and transportation hubs. Traditional crowd management methods often rely on manual monitoring and human judgment, which can be prone to error and inefficiency. This research explores how Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be utilized to optimize crowd control by analyzing real-time data, predicting crowd behavior, and automating decision-making processes. The study focuses on integrating AI techniques such as computer vision, machine learning, and predictive analytics to monitor crowd density, detect anomalies, and prevent potential hazards. By leveraging these technologies, authorities can achieve faster response times, improved situational awareness, and enhanced safety outcomes. The proposed framework demonstrates that AI-powered systems can significantly reduce the risks associated with overcrowding and contribute to more efficient crowd management strategies [1]

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Artificial Intelligence, Crowd Control, Machine Learning, Computer Vision, Predictive Analytics

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Acne vulgaris is one of the most prevalent dermatological conditions, often associated with excess sebum production, clogged pores, microbial proliferation, and inflammation. Growing concerns regarding the adverse effects of synthetic anti-acne formulations have increased interest in herbal and naturally derived skin-care products. The present study focuses on the assessment and development of an anti-acne herbal facial scrub formulated from plant-based ingredients known for their keratolytic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Selected herbs such as neem (Azadirachta indica), turmeric (Curcuma longa), green tea (Camellia sinensis), basil (Ocimum sanctum), and natural exfoliants like walnut shell powder or oat granules were incorporated into a mild, gel-based scrub.The formulation was evaluated for key physicochemical parameters including pH, viscosity, spreadability, stability, particle size distribution, and microbial load. Functional assessments such as exfoliating efficiency, sebum-reduction capacity, and anti-acne activity against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus were performed. Patch testing on volunteers indicated good dermal compatibility with no significant irritation. Results showed that the optimized herbal scrub exhibited effective exfoliation, reduced oiliness, minimized comedone formation, and demonstrated notable antimicrobial activity, validating its potential as a safe, natural, and effective alternative to synthetic acne-care products.This study establishes a scientific basis for the use of herbal ingredients in topical anti-acne formulations and supports the development of eco-friendly, affordable, and consumer-safe skincare solutions.

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Anti-acne, Herbal facial scrub, Acne vulgaris, Herbal extracts, Natural exfoliants, Phytochemicals, Skin care formulation,Antibacterial activity, Anti-inflammatory herbs.

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A common learning impairment that affects a child's reading and language processing skills, dyslexia frequently goes undiagnosed in India due to a lack of awareness among educators and caregivers. By defining the symptoms of dyslexia, demonstrating how it affects the brain, and emphasizing the importance of early detection, this research paper aims to increase awareness. The study dispels prevalent misconceptions, such as the notion that dyslexic kids are irresponsible or poor students, by a thorough evaluation of the literature and feedback gathered from parents and educators. The results highlight the significance of knowledgeable counselling, compassionate instruction, and prompt assistance in enhancing learning and mental health.

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Dyslexia, Awareness, Parents, Teachers, Early Intervention, Inclusive Education

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Nutraceuticals, derived from food sources with proven health benefits, have gained significant attention as complementary agents in disease prevention and overall wellness. These bioactive compounds, including vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, phytochemicals, probiotics, and essential fatty acids, exert multidimensional therapeutic effects through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, cardioprotective, and metabolic-regulating mechanisms. Growing scientific evidence suggests that nutraceuticals play a vital role in reducing the risk of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disorders, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, arthritis, and neurodegenerative conditions. Their ability to neutralize free radicals, improve lipid profiles, enhance gut microbiota, and support cellular functions positions them as promising preventive and therapeutic tools. Although nutraceuticals have shown substantial potential, challenges remain in standardization, clinical validation, bioavailability, and regulatory oversight. This review highlights the classification, mechanisms, applications, recent advancements, and future prospects of nutraceuticals while assessing their overall impact on human health. Strengthening research and regulatory frameworks will further support their safe and effective integration into modern healthcare.

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Nutraceuticals; Functional foods; Antioxidants; Probiotics; Phytochemicals; Health benefits

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