Volume 13 | Issue 10 |

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Krishi Vikas Ki Samsyayen Evam Sambhavanayen : Bhagalpur Jila Ka Ek Bhaugolik Adhyayan

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Krishi Vikas Ki Samsyayen Evam Sambhavanayen : Bhagalpur Jila Ka Ek Bhaugolik Adhyayan

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Artificial Intelligence (AI) has rapidly emerged as an influential force across various domains within healthcare, especially surgery, transforming conventional surgical practices into highly sophisticated, data-driven interventions. This systematic review comprehensively examines the integration and impact of AI technologies in surgical practices spanning preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative phases. The primary objective is to critically evaluate current evidence regarding the effectiveness, safety, cost-efficiency, and patient-centred outcomes associated with AI-enhanced surgical interventions. A detailed and rigorous literature search was performed across multiple databases from January 2013 to August 2023. Search strategies employed targeted keywords such as "Artificial Intelligence," "Machine Learning," "Deep Learning," "Robotic Surgery," "Computer-Assisted Surgery," and "Predictive Modelling." Two independent reviewers systematically screened articles and extracted pertinent data, resolving discrepancies via consensus or third-party arbitration. Methodological quality was appraised using standardized tools ensuring comprehensive and robust assessment. From an initial pool of 4,126 records, 75 high-quality studies met inclusion criteria. Results demonstrated substantial enhancements in surgical efficiency, particularly through reductions in operative times most pronounced in robotic-assisted and minimally invasive surgeries. AI-driven interventions consistently demonstrated improved surgical precision. Additionally, patient-centred outcomes, including reduced postoperative pain, quicker return to daily activities, and higher patient satisfaction, further emphasized AI's beneficial role. However, evidence regarding cost-effectiveness presented mixed results due to initial investment costs for AI infrastructure balanced against long-term economic benefits from improved clinical outcomes and reduced hospital stays. In conclusion, AI represents a transformative advancement in surgery with substantial potential to enhance clinical efficiency, accuracy, patient safety, and overall surgical outcomes. Despite current methodological limitations, ongoing technological improvements, interdisciplinary collaboration, and rigorous prospective research are essential to realize AI's full promise in surgical practice.

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Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Robotic Surgery, Surgical Outcomes, Systematic Review, Surgical Precision, Patient Safety, Cost-effectiveness, Clinical Efficiency

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Ethanolic extracts of Piper betel (betel leaf) and Lantana camara (lantana) were used in the formulation and evaluation of an antibacterial ointment. Due to their medicinal qualities, which include antibacterial qualities, both of these plants have long been utilized in traditional medicine. Lantana camara and Piper betel ethanolic extracts were made for this study and added to a base ointment. A variety of bacterial and fungal strains were tested for the ointment's antibacterial efficacy using conventional microbiological methods. The physicochemical characteristics of the ointment, such as its stability, pH, consistency, and spreadability, were evaluated. The formulation showed potential efficacy against common infections, and the results showed significant antibacterial activity. In order to verify the ointment's biocompatibility, the study also evaluated its safety profile. The creation of the ointment by mixing these plant extracts offers a natural substitute for antibacterial therapy, which adds to the increasing demand for plant-based pharmaceuticals.

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Lantana Camara, Piper betel, Antimicrobial Ointment, Ethanolic Extract

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The present study examines the dynamic relationship between market volatility and option trading activity in India's derivatives market from 2018 to 2025. The Indian derivatives segment, which is dominated by the NIFTY index options, has experienced exponential development in both trading volume and investor participation, rendering it a critical area for volatility assessment. The study employs correlation and time-series econometric techniques to investigate whether fluctuations in option trading activity contribute to changes in market volatility, applying secondary data from the National Stock Exchange (NSE) and India VIX. In order to investigate the strength and direction of the relationship between these variables, descriptive statistics, correlation matrices, and regression models are implemented. The findings suggest a substantial and positive correlation between volatility and trading activity, suggesting that high levels of trading intensity frequently occur in conjunction with increased market uncertainty. The results contribute to the comprehension of behavioural patterns in India's derivatives market and provide investors, risk managers, and regulators with valuable insights for the development of more effective volatility management and monitoring frameworks.

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Key Words: NIFTY index, Volatility, India VIX, National Stock Exchange

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Public sector construction projects frequently face scheduling challenges, leading to delays, cost overruns, and compromised quality. These challenges often stem from complex regulatory environments, bureaucratic processes, limited resources, and coordination failures among stakeholders. This paper investigates key factors contributing to scheduling inefficiencies in public construction projects, using case studies and survey data from multiple government-backed infrastructure developments. The study identifies root causes, quantifies their impact on project timelines, and proposes solutions such as integrated scheduling tools, stakeholder communication enhancement, and adoption of digital construction technologies like BIM.

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Public sector, construction scheduling, project delay, resource allocation, stakeholder coordination, construction project management, BIM, risk management.

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This study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of supportive psychotherapy in raising self-esteem among elderly individuals residing in selected old age home in Delhi NCR. Self-esteem, defined as a person's belief in their own worth and value, plays a critical role in shaping choices, resilience, and overall psychological well-being. A pre-experimental one-group pre-test post-test design was adopted, using non-probability purposive sampling to select 30 elderly participants. The study aimed to (1) assess baseline self-esteem levels, (2) evaluate the impact of supportive psychotherapy on self-esteem, and (3) determine the association between post-test self-esteem scores and selected demographic variables. Pre-test findings revealed that 14 participants (46.6%) had low self-esteem, while 16 (53.3%) had average self-esteem. Post-test results showed a marked improvement, with 28 participants (93.3%) exhibiting average self-esteem and 2 (6%) achieving high self-esteem. Statistical analysis using Fisher's exact test indicated a significant association between post-test self-esteem scores and demographic variables such as educational status, marital status, and occupation prior to admission to the old age home (p < 0.05). Other demographic variables showed no significant association (p > 0.05). The study concludes that supportive psychotherapy is effective in enhancing self-esteem among elderly individuals.

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Self-esteem, supportive psychotherapy, elderly people, effectiveness, assessment.

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Concrete is the world's most versatile, durable and reliable construction material. Next to water, concrete is the most used material, which required large quantities of Portland cement. Ordinary Portland cement production is the second Only to the automobile as the major generator of carbon di oxide, which polluted the atmosphere. In addition to that large amount energy was also consumed for the cement production. Hence, it is inevitable to find an alternative material to the existing most Expensive, most resource consuming Portland cement. Geopolymer concrete is an innovative construction material which shall be produced by the chemical action of inorganic molecules. Fly Ash, a by- product of coal obtained from the thermal power plant is plenty available worldwide. Flyash is rich in silica and alumina reacted with alkaline solution produced alumina & silicate gel that acted as the binding material for the concrete. It is an excellent alternative construction material to the existing plain cement concrete. Geopolymer concrete shall be produced without using any amount of ordinary Portland cement. This project reviews the constituents of geopolymer concrete, its strength and potential applications. The experimental conducted on processes flyash based geopolymer concrete in which ash is use as a source material instead of cement & two types of alkaline activators (NaOH solution of concentration of 13 moles & Na 2 SiO 3 solution) were used in geopolymer concrete cube of size 150x15x150 mm, cylinder 150 mm diameter &300 mm height, beam 750x150x150mm were casted by varying water to geopolymer binder ratio from 0.30, 0.35,0.40. With incremental of 0.05. The geopolymer concrete cube, cylinder, beam were cured in oven curing. In oven curing it was kept under 90 0 C for 24 Hours duration. Then it was tested for 7, 14, 28 days for compressive strength, flexural strength & indirect split tensile strength are conducted on each of 3 mixes. It was observed that water to cementious material of 0.30 the result are promising. The detailed investigation conclusion drawn from experimental work have been highlighted in this dissertation.

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Flyash, Geopolymer Concrete, Heat -Cured, Alkaline Activators, Polymerization.

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The corona viruses are major group of viruses mostly affects human beings through zoonotic transmission. in the past two decades, after severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2003 and middle east respiratory syndrome corona virus (MERSCoV) in 2012, this is the third instance of the emergence of a novel corona virus in 20191. As per the World Health Organization (WHO), 85,403 cases of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were reported globally, as of February 29th 2020, including 79,394 cases (2838 deaths) from china and 6009 cases (86 deaths) from 53 other countries2

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Knowledge, Covid-19, SARS

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A one-group pre-test post-test pre-experimental study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a Structured Teaching Programme (STP) on mothers' knowledge of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease (HFMD) in Chakeisiani, Bhubaneswar, Odisha. Fifty mothers of under-five children were selected by non-probability purposive sampling. Data were collected using a validated closed-ended questionnaire and analysed with descriptive and inferential statistics. Pre-test findings showed 18 % of mothers had poor knowledge and 82 % had average knowledge. Post-test results revealed 100 % of mothers attained good knowledge. The mean post-test score was significantly higher (paired t=78.16, p<=0.05). Chi-square analysis showed significant association only with mothers' occupation. The STP was thus highly effective in improving knowledge on HFMD prevention and management.

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Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease (HFMD), Planned Teaching Programme, Structured Teaching Programme, Mothers of Under-five Children, Knowledge, Community Health Education

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The text you provided is already a well-structured abstract. It effectively summarizes all the key components of your research study. Here it is formatted for you to use: Abstract The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of physical comparison with media images on body appreciation, self-esteem, and appearance anxiety among adolescents. The sample consists of 271 adolescents (136 males and 135 females) within an age group of 10-21 years. The tools used are the Appearance Anxiety Inventory, Self-Esteem Rating Scale, and Body Appreciation Scale-2. The statistical analysis used in the study includes Pearson's product-moment correlation, ANOVA, and t-test. From the results, it is evident that self-esteem is slightly negatively correlated with appearance anxiety and moderately positively correlated with body appreciation. There is a mild negative correlation between appearance anxiety and body appreciation. The results also show that there is a significant difference in self-esteem based on age and that body appreciation significantly differs in terms of family type.

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Body appreciation, Self-esteem, Appearance anxiety

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