Volume 13 | Issue 10 |

 Abstract

Abstract-- In this paper, flow of Non-Newtonian Hyperbolic tangent fluid through a porous medium in a planar channel with peristalsis the effect of Slip and Hall effects under the assumption of long wavelength is investigated. A Closed form solutions are obtained for axial velocity and pressure gradient by employing perturbation technique. The effects of various emerging parameters on the pressure gradient, time averaged volume flow rate and frictional force are discussed with the aid of graphs

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 Keywords

Hall, Non-Newtonian Hyperbolic tangent fluid, Hartmann number, long wavelength, peristaltic pumping, Darcy number, porous medium, slip condition, Reynolds number, Weissenberg number, power-law index, pressure gradient, perturbation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The growing use of WhatsApp encryption has given users with unprecedented power over the privacy of their message information. However, a potential conflict has arisen between national security concerns and user privacy rights after the Indian government's recent amendment to the IT Rules in 2022. This paper assesses how WhatsApp's end-to-end encryption and the Indian government's motive for deeper access to encrypted conversations due to national security concerns are balanced. The paper examines the vital aspects of WhatsApp encryption and its advantages in protecting user privacy. Later, it compares the primary provisions of the IT ACT 2000 and IT Rules 2022 that are traceable and decrypted upon lawful interception. The paper highlights the drawbacks of these amendments to WhatsApp's encryption protocol and the potential outcomes for user privacy. In addition, the paper delves into cyber crimes that cause significant threats to national security. People who introduced the amendment emphasize the importance of access to encrypted messages for investigating cybercrimes and national security threats. On the other side, concerns have been raised about the possibility of misuse of powers and the violation of freedom of expression. The purpose of this research paper is to evaluate India's growing user privacy dilemma critically. A balanced strategy is advocated in the paper's conclusion, which offers several potential solutions to maintain a balance between both national security and user privacy rights in digital India.

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Keywords: WhatsApp encryption, IT Rules Amendment 2022, National security, right to expression, privacy rights, cybercrimes, deep fake

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During the past decades research is going on in developing the methods to target the drug to the specific region. The goal of targeted drug delivery is to deliver the drug to the specific organ. Colon targeted drug delivery is used to deliver the substances that are degraded by the digestive enzymes in the stomach such as proteins and peptides. It is also used for the treatment of various diseases like ulcerative colitis, crohn's disease, intestinal cancer, diarrhoea, for the treatment of diseases sensitive to circadian rhythms like Asthma, Angina, for the delivery of steroids, etc. colon targeted drug delivery of drugs reduces the systemic side effects. Colon targeted drug delivery system increases the absorption of poorly absorbable drugs due to the high retention time of the colon.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

targeted drug delivery, ulcerative colitis, crohn's disease, and absorption of poorly absorbable drugs.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Importance and innovation of artificial intelligence in education

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Importance and innovation of artificial intelligence in education

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Adolescence is characterized by rapid changes in physical, cognitive, and social development, beginning with puberty and ending in the acquisition of adult roles and responsibilities. A descriptive study conducted with the aim to assess the prevalence on high-risk behaviours regarding health on tobacco use and protective factors with the relationship between protective factors and high-risk behaviours regarding health on tobacco use. Among 56 school going adolescents of class IX & XI at selected schools of West Bengal with GSHS (Global School Based Student Health Survey) tool and Structured Knowledge questionnaire by convenience sampling technique. Among 56 school going adolescents' maximum were male. Prevalence rate is high among male school going adolescents for using e-cigarette and purchasing cigarettes. Most of the students have previous knowledge on high-risk behaviour on health. Prevalence rate is high at the protective factors on making the school going adolescents guilty, ignorance, not praising, giving advice by the parents. Perfect positive correlation found in between high-risk behaviour regarding health on tobacco use module and protective factors.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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High-risk behaviours, School going adolescents, tobacco use, protective factors

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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STRATEGIC PLANNING OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT OF VIDISHA CITY , (M.P.)

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The management of non-government organizations (NGOs) is undergoing significant transformations in the context of evolving social, regulatory and corporate-donor landscapes. This Paper particularly focus on growing influence of corporate social responsibility (CSR) funding, the reputational risk arising from unethical practices in CSR-NGO partnership and internal pressure such as over-commitment, commercialization, and mission drift faced by NGO leadership. Adopting mixed method approach, including case study of small size and mid-sized NGO and secondary literature review, the study identifies key challenges and proposes actionable recommendations of government policy and NGO governance to ensure sustainability and national development. The finding suggest that while CSR present major opportunities for NGOs, misalignment of donor-NGO objectives, lack of transparency and transient approach threaten NGO reputation and effectiveness. Policy interventions and strengthen governance framework are required to safeguard the public trust in NGOs and advance their contribution to nation building.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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NGO management, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), NGO reputation, mission drift, governance, India

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study explores how climate change poses a growing threat not only to the environment and economy but also to brain health and neurodevelopment in India. Rising temperatures, increasing air pollution, and frequent extreme weather events are shown to have significant effects on cognitive performance, stress levels, and neurological health, particularly among children and vulnerable populations. This paper examines the link between environmental degradation and neurological outcomes, emphasizing the need for awareness, preventive measures, and sustainable policies to safeguard mental and cognitive well-being in the era of climate change.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Climate Change, Brain Health, Mental Health, Neurodevelopment, Air Pollution, Heat Stress, India.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This paper presents a hybrid optimization framework for the optimal placement and sizing of Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) devices to enhance power system stability, reliability, and quality. Two FACTS devices, the Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) and the Thyristor-Controlled Series Compensator (TCSC), are employed to mitigate voltage instability, power losses, and harmonic distortion. The proposed hybrid technique integrates the Improved Grey Wolf Optimization (IGWO) with Cuckoo Search Optimization (CSO) and Improved Grey Wolf Optimization (IGWO) with Opposition-Based Learning (OBL), forming hybrid algorithms. The optimization aims to minimize active power loss, total bus voltage deviation and operating cost (OC), while improving the Voltage Stability Index (VSI). Both single-objective and multi-objective formulations are considered, and the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) are utilized to identify optimal trade-offs among objectives. The algorithm is tested on IEEE 33-bus and IEEE 69-bus systems using MATLAB with MATPOWER. Comparative analyses with GWO, IGWO, and CSO demonstrate that the hybrid IGWO-CSO method and IGWO-OBL method outperforms existing algorithms in convergence speed, accuracy, and overall system performance. The results validate its effectiveness in optimally deploying FACTS devices for improved power quality and economic operation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Power Quality, Hybrid Optimization, FACTS Devices, Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) ,Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP).

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Sometimes it happens that the arrival of the quantity of items differ from the ordered quantity and this quantity is needed to give some time for service to each item instead of a fixed time of service for all items in the inventory before allowing it for sell. After servicing all items with the rate of service greater than the rate of demand items stars to be depleted from the inventory up to the zero level of inventory. This service time is cost of holding on all received items in the inventory. The optimal order quantity depends only on the mean and standard deviation of the amount arrived and if we can reduce the service time by increasing service persons or facilities the total cost goes near to cost of EOQ model with uncertain arrival of quantity.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Inventory system, Demand rate, Service rate, Replenishment rate, Lead time, Queuing system Service time, re-order point.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition