Volume 13 | Issue 10 |

 Abstract

Global warming has emerged as one of the most significant environmental threats of the 21st century. It refers to the long-term increase in Earth's average surface temperature due to the excessive accumulation of greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as carbon dioxide (CO?), methane (CH?), and nitrous oxide (N?O). These gases trap heat in the atmosphere, causing the planet to warm unnaturally. Human activities--particularly industrialization, deforestation, burning of fossil fuels, and intensive agriculture--have drastically accelerated this warming process. As a result, the world is witnessing alarming consequences such as rising sea levels, melting glaciers, extreme weather events, loss of biodiversity, and disruption of ecosystems. This thesis explores the causes, consequences, and potential solutions to global warming. It investigates the roles of different sectors and countries in contributing to the problem and examines global efforts to combat climate change, including the Paris Agreement and other policy frameworks. Additionally, it presents sustainable strategies such as transitioning to renewable energy, enhancing energy efficiency, and promoting climate education. The paper emphasizes that the time for action is now. If global warming continues unchecked, the damage to our environment and future generations may become irreversible. Therefore, collective global action, awareness, and innovation are essential to mitigate its impacts and ensure a livable planet.

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 Keywords

Global warming, climate change, greenhouse gases, fossil fuels, carbon emissions, renewable energy, deforestation, sustainability, Paris Agreement, climate policy

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract Effective communication is crucial in both personal and professional life. Grammar plays a vital role in Conveying messages clearly and confidently. The Present article explores the importance of grammar in communication. It also emphasizes the need of mastering grammar rules, to convey ideas effectively. Effective application of grammar rules is essential for achieving clear and impactful Communication.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Keywords: Grammar, Communications kills. Effective communication

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study aimed to develop and evaluate bilayer tablets containing Levofloxacin Hemihydrate and Ambroxol Hydrochloride for combined immediate and sustained therapeutic effects in respiratory infections. The immediate-release layer of Levofloxacin ensured rapid antimicrobial action, while the sustained-release layer of Ambroxol provided prolonged relief. Tablets were prepared using direct compression and wet granulation methods, with HPMC K100M and Carbopol 971P as release-controlling polymers. Among formulations, F11 exhibited optimal performance, releasing over 70% Levofloxacin within 1 hour and 95% Ambroxol in 12 hours, following zero-order, non-Fickian kinetics. Stability studies confirmed the formulation's integrity and consistent drug release, establishing an effective bilayer system for dual-action respiratory therapy.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Levofloxacin, Ambroxol, Fixed-Dose Combinations

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The Sundarbans, the world's largest mangrove forest shared by India and Bangladesh, stands today as a living testimony to the destructive power of climate change and human negligence. This fragile ecosystem, located at the delta of the Ganga, Brahmaputra, and Meghna rivers, serves as a protective barrier for millions of coastal residents. However, increasing sea levels, soil salinity, cyclonic devastations, and biodiversity loss are pushing the Sundarbans towards an ecological and humanitarian disaster. This paper explores the multidimensional crisis of the Sundarbans -- environmental degradation, economic displacement, and socio-cultural transformation. Through an interdisciplinary approach combining environmental studies, social analysis, and policy review, this research examines how climate change threatens both the natural habitat and the survival of coastal communities. The findings reveal that sustainable adaptation strategies, community-based resilience, and transboundary climate governance are crucial for the survival of this vital ecosystem and its people

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 Keywords

Sundarbans, Climate Change, Coastal Communities, Sea-Level Rise, Mangrove Degradation, Cyclones, Climate Refugees, Environmental Sustainability, Adaptation, Resilience

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study examined student's learning styles as nexus to academic achievement and career preference in Nigeria secondary schools. It renders helpful hand in identifying different learning styles among senior secondary school students and determines if the learning styles influence the student's academic achievement and the career preference, determining the connection between gender and career preference and as well examined the factors that drives student's choice of learning styles, academic achievement and career preference in the study area. The study adopted the use of quantitative design which is descriptive in nature such that involves the use of frequency and percentage. However, ANOVA and T-test correlation analysis were also used to determine the relationship and the degree of significance of the variables in the study. This study employed a random sampling technique in selecting the sample schools in the study area. As a result a total of five schools were selected from the population from which a sample size consisting of three hundred students were selected across the senior secondary classes. Questionnaires were constructed and administered to the selected respondents to elicit relevant information and the contents were based on learning style, academic achievement and career preference. The findings from the study revealed that majority of the student adopted mixed learning styles (ranging from verbal aura, logic solitary and kinaesthetic and their learning styles) and these determine academic achievements of the students regardless of the gender. The study also revealingly established that parents significantly influenced their children's career preference not minding their learning ability and interest.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Learning, learning style; Career preference; education, Academic achievement

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The paper presents a critical analysis of Grace Ogot's "The Green Leaves," examining the internal struggles and external pressures faced by the Luo community under colonial rule. It explores the conflicts between tradition and modernity, greed and morality, and the gendered roles within society. This study analyzes key themes such as the conflicts between the old customs and the new imposed laws, societal transformation, and the role of women, while also highlighting the use of literary devices, including symbolism and irony. The paper examines how Ogot weaves the cultural traditions with the post-colonial experience, crafting a narrative that exposes universal human flaws and weaknesses, stressing the need to balance custom with justice.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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: Post-colonial, tradition and modernity, gendered role, old customs, societal change

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Critical Analysis, Cyber Security ecurity ty Law, Cameroon.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Rajasthani Lok Sangeet Ke Sanrakshan Aur Sanvardhan Mein Langa, Manganiyar, Mirasi Tatha Jogi Jatiyon Ka Yogdan: Paschimi Rajasthan Ke Vishesh Sandarbh Mein

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Rajasthani Lok Sangeet Ke Sanrakshan Aur Sanvardhan Mein Langa, Manganiyar, Mirasi Tatha Jogi Jatiyon Ka Yogdan: Paschimi Rajasthan Ke Vishesh Sandarbh Mein

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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A consumer's eco-conscious mindset is their way of thinking about and caring for the planet. An individual's environmental attitude consists of their certainty, feelings, and planned actions in regards to environmental protection and preservation. The paper aims to examine the impacts of demographic variables on consumer attitude of green products. Descriptive research was adapted for this study. The survey provides a snapshot of the current status in terms of customers' beliefs and intentions to buy green products, taking into account the effects of demographic factors. The Structured Questionnaire is used to collect primary data. In order to reduce the potential for bias, the questionnaire only included closed-ended items. Individuals were asked to fill out a questionnaire that included questions on their demographics, income, and attitudes and intentions about the purchase of green products. The sample of the study was found to be infinite which consists of purchasers of green products. The population frame of the buyers cannot be ascertained which made the study to adopt for non-random sampling technique. The judgement sampling technique was used for selecting the sample from the population. The sample size of the study was fixed to be 120 based on the pilot study that was conducted in the study area. The area of study was fixed to be Salem which is based on its growing demand for green products in the study area. The collected data were segregated based on the needs of the objectives and coded using the SPSS-20. The chi-square analysis and ANOVA was used for analyzing the data. The socio-economic variables are lacking impact on the consumer attitude towards the green products in the study area.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Green Products, Consumer Attitude, Age, Income

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The detection of financial fraud is a growing concern in digital finance, with the development of new fraud techniques challenging conventional security systems. Conventional detection techniques, such as rule-based techniques, machine learning models, and so on, have limitations, including dynamic fraud patterns, imbalanced datasets, and high rates of false positives. In view of the above issues, this research offers an Optimized Multi-Class Financial Fraud Detection Framework that incorporates Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM), whereas the Enhanced Golden Search Algorithm (EGSA) is utilized for hyperparameter adjustment and feature optimization. The integrated CNN-BiLSTM drilling method to extract the spatial-temporal features further improves fraud detection in high-dimensional transactions. The Hierarchical spatial dependencies captured by CNN and sequential learning proficiency through BiLSTM compensated to create better anomaly data detection. EGSA chooses the best features and hyperparameters on the fly, which makes classification more accurate and saves time on computation. This paper evaluate the proposed framework on large-scale financial datasets such as the IEEE-CIS Fraud Detection Dataset, the PaySim Mobile Financial Transactions Dataset, through experiments, CNN-BiLSTM-EGSA has been proven to yield better performance results compared with normal models like OCNN-RNN, Random Forest, XGBoost, SVM, LSTM, and ordinary CNN structures, reaching over 99.5% accuracy, Moreover, the low latency and high throughput of CNN-BiLSTM-EGSA are proven to be suitable for real-time deployment, which makes our proposed architecture an ideal candidate for real-time fraud prevention. A new framework is suggested to deal with the problem of changing fraud patterns. It does this by using sequential deep learning to handle temporal data contexts and hyperparameter optimization to get fast learning rates without sacrificing accuracy.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

: Financial Fraud Detection, CNN-BiLSTM, Enhanced Golden Search Algorithm (EGSA), Deep Learning, Hyperparameter Optimization, Multi-Class Classification, Anomaly Detection, Transaction Security, Fraudulent Activity Recognition, Real-Time Fraud Prevention.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition