Volume 13 | Issue 10 |

 Abstract

Cancer is still a deadly disease around the world. Right now, conventional cancer treatments and modern immunotherapies are not specifically designed to target tumors. They struggle to tell the difference between cancer cells and healthy cells, which results in many unwanted side effects. Recent developments in nanotechnology, along with our improved understanding of cancer biology and Nano-bio interactions, have led to the creation of various Nano carriers. These Nano carriers aim to boost the effectiveness of cancer drugs while lowering the side effects by targeting tumor tissue, cells, or organelles specifically. However, most Nano carriers lack hierarchical targeting ability. Their effectiveness is often reduced due to poor tumor accumulation, ineffective cellular uptake, or incorrect subcellular localization. This review discusses current and future strategies for designing cancer Nano medicines that target tumor tissue, cells, and organelles. It also highlights recent progress in hierarchical targeting technologies that can combine these three targeting stages to improve treatment results. Finally, we touch on the challenges and future possibilities for bringing cancer Nano medicines into clinical use. The major modalities of antitumor drug resistance may be grouped into at least five categories: decreased drug influx, increased drug efflux predominantly via ATP-driven extrusion pumps frequently of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily, activation of DNA repair, metabolic modification and detoxification as well as inactivation of apoptosis pathways with parallel activation of anti-apoptotic cellular defense modalities (2009). Members of the ABC superfamily including P-glycoprotein (P-gp/ABCB1), multidrug resistance proteins (MRPs/ABCC) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) function as ATP- driven drug efflux transporters, which form a unique defense against chemotherapeutics and numerous endo- and exotoxins. These pumps significantly decrease the intracellular concentration of a multitude of endogenous and exogenous cytotoxic agents which are structurally and mechanistically distinct, thereby result-ing in MDR.

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 Keywords

Cancer therpy , Nanomedicine, Immuno-therpy, Nanomaterial, Nanocarrier, Therapeutics,

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The present study aims to study the relationship between Work life balance and marital satisfaction among corporate employees. The hypothesis of the study was there is significant relationship between Work life balance and marital satisfaction among corporate employees. The convenience sampling method has been used to collect the data. The 218 participants were participated in the study. In that 105 were the Male corporate employees and 113 were the female corporate employees. The Work Life balance scale by Pareek and Purohit (2010) and Marital adjustment scale by Dr. Pramod Kumar (2018) has been used to collect data. The The present study results shows that There is a significant relationship between work life balance and marital satisfaction among corporate employees.

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Marital Adjustment, Work Life Balance & Corporate employees

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Clinical pharmacy is a dynamic branch of pharmacy focused on the optimization of medication use and the enhancement of patient care through the direct involvement of clinical pharmacists in the healthcare process. Unlike traditional pharmacy roles centered on medication dispensing, clinical pharmacy emphasizes direct interaction with patients and collaborative efforts with physicians and other healthcare professionals to improve therapeutic outcomes and promote health and wellness. Clinical pharmacists are actively engaged in comprehensive patient care activities, including medication therapy management, the prevention and resolution of drug-related problems, patient counseling, and the monitoring of drug efficacy and safety. Patient-centered care is the cornerstone of clinical pharmacy practice, with pharmacists playing a crucial role in medication chart reviews, identification of drug interactions, adverse drug reaction management, and the individualization of therapy based on clinical and laboratory data. Clinical pharmacists help bridge the gap between patients and physicians, ensuring the rational, safe, and cost-effective use of medications while prioritizing patient education, compliance, and therapeutic monitoring. Their involvement extends from inpatient hospital wards to outpatient clinics, where they participate in ward rounds, contribute to the development of treatment guidelines, and provide evidence-based recommendations. Through active collaboration with other healthcare providers, clinical pharmacists help optimize pharmacological interventions and safeguard patients against medication errors and complications. By leveraging their specialized knowledge, clinical pharmacists contribute not only to the improvement of individual patient outcomes but also to broader public health objectives through disease prevention, health promotion, and continuous professional education. Thus, clinical pharmacy stands as a vital component of modern healthcare, dedicated to advancing both patient care quality and medication safety. Clinical pharmacy delivers distinct advancements in patient care by focusing on optimal medication use and safety through direct pharmacist intervention. Clinical pharmacists collaborate with physicians and healthcare teams to identify, prevent, and resolve medication-related issues, thereby reducing adverse drug events and enhancing treatment outcomes.

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 Keywords

o Medication Management: Ensuring accurate medication reconciliation, preventing drug-related problems, and optimizing therapeutic regimens based on individual patient needs. o Collaborative Care: Interdisciplinary teamwork involving pharmacists, physicians, nurses, and other healthcare providers to deliver comprehensive pharmaceutical care. o Patient Education: Counseling patients to improve medication adherence, understanding of therapy, and self-management abilities. o Technology Integration:

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Medical devices are integral to healthcare systems, providing essential diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive support. The European Union's transition from the Medical Device Directive (MDD) to the Medical Device Regulation (MDR) introduces stricter requirements for safety, performance, and clinical evidence. This manuscript examines the compliance pathway for the EUMDR and its implications for global manufacturers, particularly in maintaining the accessibility of medical devices. Key focus areas include safety and performance requirements, quality management systems, postmarket surveillance, postmarket clinical follow-up, and gap analysis. Strategies for manufacturers to preserve accessibility are discussed, emphasizing the importance of regulatory compliance as a continuous process. These findings highlight that timely adaptation to the EUMDR is crucial for safeguarding patient access to critical medical technologies.

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 Keywords

Medical Devices; EUMDR; Regulatory Compliance; Accessibility; Post-Market Surveillance

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Reconstruction of mandibular defects remains one of the most challenging aspects of maxillofacial surgery. The introduction of microvascular free tissue transfer has transformed reconstructive outcomes, enabling restoration of both form and function with high success rates. Among the various donor options, the fibula, iliac crest, scapular, and radial forearm free flaps remain the primary workhorses in mandibular reconstruction. The evolution of digital technologies such as computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM), three-dimensional (3D) printing, and virtual surgical planning (VSP) has further refined precision and predictability. This comprehensive review provides an in-depth overview of the principles, techniques, flap selection, functional outcomes, complications, and recent technological advancements in free flap reconstruction of the mandible. The fibula flap remains the gold standard due to its versatility, reliability, and ability to support dental rehabilitation. Future directions include bioprinting and tissue-engineered vascularized constructs to further enhance reconstructive outcomes.

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Mandibular reconstruction, free flap, fibula flap, microvascular surgery, CAD/CAM, 3D printing, mandibular defects.

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Educational institutions face major challenges due to fragmented administrative systems and manual processes, leading to inefficiency and data inconsistency. Campus360 is a web-based college management system developed to overcome these issues by integrating all academic and administrative functions into a single platform. Built using a modern three-tier architecture, it employs React.js for the presentation layer, Node.js and Firebase Functions for the application layer, and Cloud Firestore for the data layer. This ensures scalability, security, and efficiency. Campus360 reduces administrative workload, eliminates paper-based tasks, and establishes a unified digital ecosystem for students, faculty, and administrators.

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College Management System, Web Application, React.js, Firebase, Cloud Computing, Education Technology, Role Based Access Control, Academic Management

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Legal education serves as a transformative force in advancing social justice and empowerment, particularly among marginalized communities such as India's tribal population. This study examines the evolving role of legal education in bridging the socio-economic and cultural disparities that persist among Scheduled Tribes. By promoting legal literacy, awareness, and access to justice, legal education functions as a critical mechanism for social upliftment and inclusive development. The research explores how legal empowerment initiatives such as Clinical Legal Education (CLE), community outreach programs, and citizenship education enable tribal populations to assert their rights, engage in governance, and challenge systemic inequalities. It also investigates the challenges faced in integrating culturally relevant curricula, addressing linguistic and infrastructural barriers, and implementing technology-driven legal education in remote tribal regions. The study highlights the importance of aligning legal education with the goals of the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 to foster interdisciplinary learning and social engagement. Furthermore, it emphasizes that strengthening legal frameworks and institutional accountability is essential for ensuring justice, equity, and human dignity. Ultimately, the research underscores that legal education is not merely a professional pursuit but a vital instrument for social transformation, empowering tribal communities to participate actively in democratic processes and achieve sustainable development.

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Legal Education, Social Upliftment, Tribal Communities, Access to Justice, Legal Empowerment, Human Rights

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Kerala is a promising hub of green finance initiatives. State's rich biodiversity combined by its immense potential in sustainable tourism and increasing focus on blue economy, itself is a call for green finance to act as a catalyst for the sustainable development. State's vulnerability to climate changes resulting in extreme weather conditions has further made green finance crucial for building a resilient economy. This chapter aims at assessing role of green finance in bringing sustainability to key sectors of the state like tourism, agriculture and in using marine and coastal resources. Chapter also covers an overview of policy framework of the state in this regard. Altogether this chapter outlines role of green finance in promoting sustainability in development of the state

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Green Finance, Sustainable tourism, blue economy, Resilient Economy, Sustainability

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Cubosomes are innovative lipid based nanocarriers distinguished by their unique cubic crystalline structure, composed of bicontinuous lipid bilayers that form a three-dimensional network separating hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains. This architecture enables them to encapsulate a wide variety of bioactive compounds, including hydrophilic, hydrophobic, and amphiphilic molecules, making them highly versatile in controlled and targeted drug delivery. Their structural adaptability, biocompatibility, and thermodynamic stability give them a clear advantage over traditional carriers such as liposomes. Cubosomes can be synthesized using two main approaches: the top-down method, which involves mechanical dispersion of bulk cubic phases, and the bottom-up method, based on molecular self-assembly aided by hydrotropes. Glyceryl monooleate (GMO) and phytantriol (PHTY) are commonly used lipid matrices, while Pluronic F127 serves as a stabilizer to prevent aggregation. The drug release mechanism typically follows Higuchi's diffusion-controlled model, influenced by lipid composition, particle size, and drug characteristics. Theoretical models such as those by Fontell & Drew, Gustafson, and Schwarz Jacob Anderson explain cubic phase formation through molecular geometry and packing parameters. Due to their strong bio adhesion and high skin permeability, cubosomes are effective in topical and transdermal drug delivery, improving drug absorption and bypassing first-pass metabolism. Surface modification with polymers like chitosan further enhances their stability, targeting precision, and sustained release behaviour. Despite challenges such as high viscosity, limited hydrophilic drug loading, and scale-up difficulties, cubosomes hold significant promise as next-generation nanocarriers for cancer therapy, transdermal systems, and other biomedical applications.

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 Keywords

Cubosomes, Nanostructured lipid carriers, Drug delivery, Controlled release, Transdermal delivery, Biocompatibility, Phytantriol, Glyceryl monooleate

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study explores the concept and necessity of an urban ashram as a modern sanctuary within the city that reintroduces nature into the hectic lives of working individuals. The urban ashram offers a peaceful retreat fostering spiritual growth, mental well-being, and community connection by blending natural materials (water, stone, etc) and green elements (bamboo, vertical landscaping etc) into the interior space. It aims to create accessible spirituality and healing practices, making nature and inner peace integral to daily urban living. This research explores the concept of Inner Scape--a modern urban ashram designed to integrate spirituality and nature within city interiors. Drawing from literature on green spaces, urban spiritual centres, and the healing role of natural materials, the study emphasizes the importance of sustainable design using bamboo, terracotta, jute, hemp, and linen. The methodology includes user research, planning, material, and design visualization through, with a focus on creating inclusive spaces for meditation, yoga, healing, and community engagement. The proposed model demonstrates how biophilic design, natural light, and eco-friendly interiors can transform compact urban spaces into sanctuaries of peace and wellness.

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 Keywords

Modern ashram, nature, spirituality, metropolitan city, diverse lifestyle, biophilic design

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