Volume 7 | Issue 1 |

 Abstract

Autonomous vehicles are poised to become one of the most pervasive and impactful applications of Computer Vision, Machine and Deep Learning and Artificial Intelligence. However, difficult challenges still remain before their widespread deployment, many of which concern the system as a whole, rather than single components in isolation. Examples include the code sign of hardware components and algorithms, the coupled interactions between perception and control, the optimal allocation of finite computational resources to concurrent processes, and safe multi-agent behaviors.

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CREATING A COST EFFECTIVE SCALE MODEL OF AUTONOMOUS VEHICLE TEST BED

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We humans are known for maintaining cleanliness may it be our home or the vehicle we travel in. As we know the number of vehicles worldwide increasing day by day hence keeping the vehicles clean have become a big issue. People often tend to give their vehicles outside for cleaning; therefore spending a lot of money and some in order to save money, people exhaust their time and energy cleaning the vehicle themselves. We live in a period where all the works are made to be done by a machine either automatic or remote controlled. The already existing automatic car washer is very costly and takes huge place for a family to install for their personal use. Hence we have come up with a solution of a car washer which is remote controlled and are affordable for family use, which can be parked in the corner of a parking when not in use. This project is about reducing size and cost of the machine that is used for washing vehicle. The machine is remote controlled hence contains transmitter and receiver. For the movement of the machines motors and wheels are used. For the better cleaning the water is directly connected to the tap by the help of pipe and using pump and pressure gun the water is then sprayed. The glass washer and car washing liquid is stored in a container and is sprayed as and when required using a motor and drip technique. The arm is rotated using motors. The wheels of the vehicle are also taken into consideration and there is a separate brush which is used for the cleaning of the wheel. Safety of the car and the operator and the machine is also taken into consideration and hence sensors are used which when detects the machine too close to the vehicle which may cause any harm to the vehicle then it gives out an alarm to warn the operator. Aurdino is used for some of the operations to be performed under some cases and waterproofing of the devices is very important in order to avoid electrical shortage and loose connection, tight packing is given priority.

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Car Washer, Aurdino, Sensors

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This comprehensive review critically analyses the complex correlation between DC microgrids and the incorporation of Distributed Generation (DG). It offers a full evaluation of fundamental principles, advanced control strategies, technology advancements, and practical implementations in real-world scenarios. This research examines the ability of Direct Current (DC) microgrids to effectively integrate and optimize various DG sources within the context of a paradigm shift towards decentralized energy solutions. The paper critically examines the obstacles and opportunities associated with renewable energy systems and different DG technologies. It provides essential insights for researchers, engineers, and politicians who are involved in the complex process of integrating distributed energy into existing systems. This review serves as a crucial resource that contributes to the understanding of DG in DC microgrids. It plays a significant role in developing conversations surrounding energy solutions that are both resilient and sustainable.This paper not only discusses the difficulties related to the integration of DG, but also emphasizes practical examples that demonstrate the flexibility and effectiveness of DC microgrid designs. This study serves as a crucial resource for stakeholders who aim to use the potential of DC microgrids, since it encompasses a comprehensive analysis of power electronics, energy storage, and sophisticated control systems. By combining critical evaluation with practical implementation, this review offers valuable insights and guidance in the field. The complete investigation plays a significant role in advancing the integration of DG, which is essential for creating a resilient and sustainable energy environment. It provides basic information that is needed for achieving effective integration. This review paper provides a comprehensive examination of the integration of DG within DC microgrids. From laying the groundwork with fundamental principles to scrutinizing challenges, technological advancements, and practical applications, this review aims to offer a holistic understanding of the dynamic landscape where DC microgrids intersect with distributed energy generation.

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DC Microgrid, DG, Renewable Energy, Power Electronics, Energy Storage, Control Strategies, Integration Challenges.

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Speech processing has witnessed significant advancements in recent years, with probabilistic models playing a pivotal role in enhancing various tasks, including speech recognition, synthesis, and understanding. This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent trends in speech processing, focusing on the application of probabilistic models. We explore the theoretical foundations, methodologies, and practical implementations of probabilistic models in speech processing tasks. Additionally, we discuss the challenges, emerging trends, and future directions in this rapidly evolving field.

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A Novel and Realistic Review on Recent Trends in Speech Processing Using Probabilistic Models

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Mangroves are halophytic species and help stabilise the coasts and river lines, protecting them from tides, waves, and heavy wind. It also functions as a breeding and feeding ground for several aquatic species. India represents the world's 5% mangrove forest cover. The River Tirur originates from the Athavanad village and flows into the Arabian Sea through the coastal town of Ponnani. The main threat to mangrove forests is anthropogenic activities compared to natural phenomena. The majority of these ecosystems are converted into farmlands, resorts, aquaculture, and other building activities. A transect measuring 8Km (4Km from urban and 4 Km from the suburban area) was selected to study the mangrove diversity and existing threats to the mangrove forests of the river Tirur. A 100m line transect was laid in each of the 1 Km for studying vegetation. A total of 8 species were identified and 286 individuals recorded. In the urban area, we could locate two species, namely Sonniratia caseolans (n=1) and Avicennia officinalis (n=23). In the rural area, we identified 6 species, of which the species Sonniratia caseolans (189) and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (36) were observed in high numbers. The least recorded species were Bruguiera sexangula (n=5) and Kandella candel (n=6). The study revealed the highest density of Sonniratia caseolans and Avicennia officinalis. The local residents reported that, over a period of time, the mangrove forest patches have undergone a considerable decrease. Residents are aware of the important functions of the mangrove ecosystem, and the identified services are prevention from soil erosion, supporting bird diversity, providing fodder for cattle, and protection from heavy wind. The identified threats to the mangrove forest were river beautification activities, encroachment along the riverside, and the Koottayi regulator cum bridge.

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Mangorve species, diversity, environmental awareness, conservation

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In recent decades, consumers and producers have voiced concerns about the effects of products on the environment. Products that are thought to be "green" or environmentally friendly, such as low-power (energy-efficient) electrical appliances, organic foods, lead-free paints, recyclable paper, and phosphate-free detergents, have drawn the attention of both consumers and manufacturers. The significance of the Green Marketing Concept is also being recognized by marketers in India. While there has been a lot of global research on green marketing, there hasn't been much scholarly study done in India on customer perceptions and preferences. An overview of environmental issues is given in this research, along with information on consumers' green values, awareness of environmental issues, and green habits and products. Consumers place a high value on green products, research has provided useful insights for green product marketers and indicates the necessity to create marketing communication campaigns supporting green products. This study supports the idea that customer preference and purchase decisions are positively influenced by general green values, consumer awareness of green practices and products, and consumer perceptions of the seriousness of marketing firms' commitment to green marketing.

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green marketing, consumer preferences, green products, marketing communication campaign

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The market for eco-friendly cosmetics has grown significantly in the last few years. Concurrently, there has been a rise in scholarly interest in the topic. However, the information is inconsistent overall. Despite the growing corpus of literature, no thorough compilation and integration of empirical research examining the variables associated with green cosmetics purchase behaviour (GCPB) has been carried out. This study makes an effort to close this gap. We conducted this systematic review. The elements of the theory of planned behaviour that were most commonly demonstrated as determinants were attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control. Then came the "marketing mix, consumer consciousness issues, consumer values, brand-related attributes, experience and knowledge, self-efficacy, and perceived barriers". Consequently, this research will aid in the understanding of the knowledge barrier by academics. Moreover, the findings of this review will help marketers frame their marketing strategies for promoting green cosmetic products.

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Green cosmetics; Purchase Behavior Systematic Review; Sustainability, E-WOM.

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Analyzing the evolution of women's rights within the Indian judicial system over the past two centuries presents a multifaceted and intricate narrative. The journey of women's rights in India has been marked by several milestones, setbacks, and incremental progress. In this article, we will embark on a detailed exploration of the legal landscape pertaining to women's rights in the Indian judicial system from the colonial era to the present day.

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The evaluation of women's rights in the Indian judicial system over the past 200 years.

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Ladakh, nestled in the Himalayas, faces escalating climate change impacts, necessitating an in-depth understanding of local perceptions and adaptive strategies. This study explores Ladakh's socio-cultural dynamics, livelihood impacts, and adaptive responses to climate change. Employing a mixed-methods approach, including interviews, surveys, and observation, the research unveils a diverse array of local perceptions. Some attribute weather changes to natural variability, while others express concerns about increasing temperatures and glacial retreat. These impacts reverberate across livelihoods, notably agriculture and pastoralism, prompting resilience and adaptability through traditional practices, modern technologies, and community-based initiatives. Ladakh experiences a cold desert climate characterized by extreme temperatures and sparse vegetation. Home to diverse ethnic groups, Ladakh's cultural heritage faces threats from climate change-induced glacier retreat and erratic precipitation, impacting water security, agriculture, and ecosystems. The findings underscore the intricate interplay of socio-cultural, ecological, and economic factors shaping Ladakh's response to climate change. Despite challenges, communities exhibit resilience, drawing upon traditional wisdom and innovative practices. Notably, perceptions of natural variability and recognition of anthropogenic influences underscore nuanced understandings of climate dynamics. Adaptive strategies encompass traditional practices, technological innovations, and community-based initiatives, reflecting a multifaceted approach to building resilience. This research offers comprehensive insights into Ladakh's local perceptions, livelihood impacts, and adaptive capacities, informing targeted interventions and policy frameworks. By recognizing and leveraging local knowledge systems, stakeholders can collaboratively address the complex challenges posed by climate change in Ladakh and beyond.

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 Keywords

Ladakh; climate change; local perceptions; socio-cultural dynamics; livelihood impacts; adaptive strategies

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition