Volume 13 | Issue 9 |

 Abstract

The image of women in the novels of Buchi Emecheta, whose fictional modes bring into sharp focus the African woman's struggle to act out her destiny in a tradition-bound society dominated by patriarchal attitudes. A study of this kind appeared to be in the context of the changing perceptions about women's roles and place in modern society. While the emphasis in the study is, therefore, naturally on how the images of women come across in the novels of Buchi Emecheta, there is no attempt to project an overtly feminist angle or present a specifically subversive feminist argument.

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 Keywords

Gender/sex, Gender Inequality, Gender Oppression, Sexual Difference, Western Feminist Consciousness, Cultural Studies.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In recent years, switched reluctance machines (SRMs) have attracted significant attention from the research community owing to their distinctive advantages. The efficiency of SRMs is comparable to that of induction motors with equivalent ratings, as both exhibit similar friction and windage losses. Extensive studies have been conducted on SRMs, their associated systems, and the challenges they present. This paper provides a comprehensive review of SRM structures, highlighting their advantages and limitations. Various SRM topologies are examined, with a discussion of their respective merits and constraints. Furthermore, the paper categorizes the most widely adopted control strategies for SRM drives and summarizes the state-of-the-art research addressing key challenges, particularly in torque ripple minimization and vibration reduction.

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 Keywords

SRM Motor, Electric Vehicles (EVs), Advanced Motor Control, Torque Ripple Reduction

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 marks a paradigm shift in Indian education giving emphasis on inclusivity, equity and holistic development. Inclusive education provides opportunities to visually impaired students to participate fully in mainstream schooling and society. Odisha, a state with significant socio-economic and geographical diversity, faces both unique opportunities and persistent challenges in implementing inclusive education for visually impaired learners. This paper critically examines the scope of NEP 2020 in fostering inclusive education in Odisha, highlights structural and pedagogical challenges and suggests strategies for effective implementation. The study argues that inclusive education for visually impaired students must be supported by strong policy translation, assistive technology integration, teacher preparedness and societal awareness to achieve meaningful inclusion.

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 Keywords

Inclusive education, NEP 2020, visual impairment, Odisha, equity, challenges

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A firm gelatin capsule containing the antidiabetic medication lycopene was developed for the current trial with the goals of improving patient compliance, increasing therapeutic efficacy, and achieving quick drug release from the dose form. The ability to release drugs quickly, formulation flexibility, and the ability of sealed hard gelatin capsules to effectively block atmospheric oxygen are all benefits of using hard gelatin capsules. The main goal of this effort is to extract lycopene from a hard gelatin capsule and provide an instantaneous release action of the medication. Methanol, carbon tetrachloride, benzene, and boiling methanol were among the extraction techniques used to create the formulations. For the dissolution tests, the formulations were then put into empty hard gelatin capsules. The prepared granules were assessed for Hausner's ratio, Carr's index, bulk density, tapped density, angle of repose, and % yield.

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 Keywords

Introduction, Extraction, Formulation and Evaluation Bioavailability, Usage.

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In an era of culinary globalization, the promotion of regional food heritage such as Maharashtrian cuisine presents both opportunities and challenges for restaurant managers. Grounded in the Resource-Based View (RBV), this study examines how four firm-level factors--consumer awareness, economic barriers, operational constraints, and marketing challenges--influence managerial intention to preserve and promote local cuisine. Data were collected from 125 restaurant owners and managers across major cities in Maharashtra using a structured questionnaire and analyzed through Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results reveal that consumer awareness is the strongest enabler, underscoring the role of market knowledge as a valuable intangible resource that encourages strategic commitment. In contrast, operational and financial constraints emerged as the most critical deterrents, highlighting persistent shortages of skilled labor and concerns over profitability. Marketing challenges also reduced managerial intent, reflecting the difficulties of building strong brand equity in a competitive environment. Overall, the model explains nearly half of the variance in promotion intention, reinforcing that cultural preservation is contingent not only on consumer demand but also on a firm's ability to secure and mobilize its resource base. The study contributes theoretically by extending RBV into the domain of culinary heritage and offers practical guidance by emphasizing the need for investment in financial viability and human capital development as prerequisites for sustaining regional food culture.

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 Keywords

Culinary tourism, Maharashtrian cuisine, Culinary heritage promotion, Restaurant management

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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It is commonly said that Southern music is pure Indian, but Northern music is not pure Indian due to foreign influence. We will attempt to dispel this misconception here. Northern or Hindustani music has been the music of Bharata and Shargadeva since the Vedic period. Its soul has remained unchanged; Muslim influence is visible in its superficial appearance. The soul of music refers to the rules of dialogue and debate in ragas and meter in talas. The external appearance refers to the changes in the names of ragas and talas, and the invention of tabla, sitar, khayal, etc. In our opinion, Carnatic music can be called systematic because it is based on mathematics. Hindustani music is not as systematic, but when viewed from the perspective of the laws of acoustics, Northern music is more scientific (Dhv.San., p. 278). Southern music is controversial on the basis of acoustics. The pure octave there is primarily based on the meaning notes; the use of four meaning notes in their Mukhari or Kanankagi pure melodies cannot be called scientific. Whereas the pure octave of the North is completely based on the rules of phonetics, for example, its scientificity is self-evident because it is based on the self-originating notes obtained from the Tanpura of Bilawal Thaat.

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 Keywords

Hindustani Music, Tabla, Sitar, Khayal, Carnatic, Ragas, Melodies.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The foundation of mathematical literacy rests upon effective concept formation, problem-solving capabilities, and computational fluency development in learners. Mathematical manipulatives represent a proven instructional methodology, employing physical or digital objects to transform abstract mathematical concepts into accessible, visual learning experiences. These interactive tools enable students to develop concrete understanding of essential mathematical operations, including arithmetic processes and fractional reasoning, through direct manipulation and exploration. This investigation examines how Virtual Math Manipulatives influence computational skill acquisition in mathematics among middle-grade learners. The study involved 61 students in Grade 6 from schools within Kollam district, Kerala state. Data analysis employed t-test statistical procedures to determine intervention effectiveness. Results demonstrated statistically significant improvements in computational mathematics performance following Virtual Math Manipulatives implementation among the sixth-grade students. This research contributes to the expanding knowledge base and provides impetus for exploring next-generation educational technologies, particularly artificial intelligence-driven adaptive learning systems and immersive augmented reality environments, opening new horizons for educational technology research and application.

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 Keywords

virtual math manipulatives, Computational skills, middle stage students

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

ADHD, structured teaching programme, teachers, knowledge, attitude, primary school, Indore

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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 Keywords

Osteoporosis, Kyphosis, ACBT, Chest Physical Therapy, Pulmonary Function, Dyspnea, 6MWT, Cobb angle.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

To study a poet or his works, it is essential to understand the period in which he lived, along with the political and social conditions of that time. Every poet's literary creation reflects the age, politics, and society in which he lived. Kamban and R?ma are no exceptions to this rule.

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 Keywords

Kamban- R?m?ya?am - R?m?charitam - Seeraman - Relationship

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition