Volume 12 | Issue 8 |

 Abstract

For the past decade, teachers worldwide have been inclined towards using open educational resources (OER) in the teaching and learning process. There has been debate among teachers regarding its terminology, advantages, and limitations. OER refers to technology-enabled, openly provided educational resources that users can access and adapt for non-commercial purposes. It's important to note that OER differs from open learning, resource-based learning, or open publishing. OER makes use of new technology, allowing the incorporation of various media. According to Butcher (2011, p.6), OER specifically refers to materials for teaching and learning that can be used for pedagogic purposes, including scholarly articles and content. "Teaching, learning, and research materials in any medium, digital or otherwise, that resides in the public domain or has been released under an open license that permits no-cost access, use, adaptation, and redistribution by others with no or limited restrictions" is how the Paris OER Declaration (UNESCO, 2012) defines open educational resources. It refers to undergraduate (UG), postgraduate (PG), and up-to-research and post-doctoral programs in higher education. ICT is significant, the digitalized world is shaping the traditional world under the general heading of globalization. It is possible to obtain knowledge at no cost. Thanks to Open Educational Resources (OER)in this initiation. UNESCO's Paris 2019, one of the recommendations is building the capacity of stakeholders to create, access, re-use, adapt, and redistribute Open Educational Resources. In the pursuant of its Member States including India, it has to be nurtured through the teacher education institutions for teacher educators. It is one of the essential key factors for enriching themselves with current updates. Moreover, it is provided to materials with Copyright sometimes & Open licensing as depending on its Creative Commons (CC) to empower the continuous capacity building of stakeholders to their in-service & pre-service. For the best utilisation & adaptation of OER stakeholders must be aware and have an attitude about this. This is the key factor of OER's best utilisation from everywhere & anywhere with low cost or no cost. This paper focuses on studying the utilisation of OERs by the teacher educators of secondary educational institutions (B.Ed. Colleges) located at the urban level under the Kuvempu University & Davangere University jurisdictions of Karnataka state. The sample consisted of 23 teacher educators at the urban level, and the survey method was used to collect the data. It was found that the level of utilisation towards open educational resources is found to be significantly moderate among secondary education teacher educators' awareness, attitude & utilisation in most streams.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Open Educational Resources (OERs), Awareness, Attitude & Utilisation, Secondary Teacher Educators.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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ABSTRACT The third term of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, often referred to as "Modi 3.0," signifies a pivotal moment in Indian politics. This research paper examines the political strategies and legal reforms that led to Modi's re-election in the 2024 parliamentary elections, analyses the statistical data from the election results, and evaluates how past failures were addressed to secure future success. In the 2024 elections, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) secured 240 seats out of 543, less than the number of seats won in 2019. The BJP's vote share is 36.56%, in 2024, which is a slight decrease from the 2019 elections where the party won 303 seats with a 37.4% vote share. This marginal victory can be attributed to several key factors, including strategic campaign tactics, economic and social reforms, and effective governance. This paper explores how the BJP's innovative use of technology and social media reached over 60 million young voters, contributing to a 5% increase in youth voter turnout. Additionally, the implementation of economic policies such as the Goods and Services Tax (GST) and the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) housing scheme played a crucial role in garnering widespread support, particularly among middle-class and rural voters. Surveys indicated that 68% of the beneficiaries of the PMAY were inclined to vote for the BJP. Furthermore, the research delves into the legal reforms that addressed past criticisms and improved public trust. As reported by independent polls, the introduction of anti-corruption measures and judicial reforms enhanced transparency and accountability, leading to a 15% increase in voter confidence. Through a combination of quantitative data and qualitative analysis, this paper aims to comprehensively understand the factors contributing to Modi's continued political dominance, offering insights into the success and lessons learned from past failures.

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 Keywords

Keywords: Modi 3.0, Indian politics, parliamentary elections 2024, political strategy, legal reforms, BJP, election analysis

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Human Resource Management (HRM) in the health sector is crucial for ensuring that healthcare organizations operate efficiently and effectively. The health sector is unique due to its critical impact on human lives, requiring a specialized approach to Human Resource Management that balances the needs of healthcare professionals with the demands of patient care. This paper explores the work environment difference between health sector and other industry, challenges, strategies, and implications of HRM in the health sector, focusing on recruitment, retention, training, performance management, High Turnover Rate, Regulatory and Compliance Issues, employee well-being and Financial Constraints. The study highlights the importance of strategic HRM in addressing workforce shortages, enhancing employee engagement, and improving overall healthcare service.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Human Resource Management, Work environment, Challenges of HRM in health sector.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Kombucha is a fermented tea that is full of probiotics, vitamins, and antioxidants. Improved gut, heart, mental health, and weight management are potential health benefits. The drink may also help with certain health problems like type 2 diabetes, liver health, and cancer. Homemade contamination risks, different sugar levels, and alcohol content are kombucha safety concerns. Making kombucha at home requires a process of brewing that lets you customize the flavor. Kombucha has become increasingly popular. This promising business has been brought up by its potential health benefits alone. It has a distinct taste profile. It is a sparkling combination of tea, soda, and occasionally alcohol. This article will talk about kombucha's history, possible health benefits.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Kombucha, Probiotics, Benefits.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The pressure to perform academically has led students throughout history to seek various substances for cognitive enhancement and stress relief. This article explores the use of such substances from ancient times to the modern era, examining their types, effects on the body, mind, and soul, and associated health implications. By comparing historical practices with contemporary trends, the article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of this multifaceted issue

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Academic performance, stress relief, stimulants, nootropics, herbal remedies, ancient practices, modern medicine, health implications

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The paper primarily discusses the reason for the necessity of UCC. Consider several social, political and constitutional reasons for the necessity of UCC. Also discusses the impediments and hurdles in the way of implementation of UCC. There are several impediments which can delay the implementation of UCC. This paper also discusses the practices that are in dispute and discusses how the implementation of UCC will eliminate these practices and will bring equal status of women in India. There might be many other technical reasons for the application of UCC, but this research paper does not discuss technical aspects in much depth. This paper discusses the social, political and constitutional aspects mainly. This paper ends with the conclusion that if UCC is brought, how it will be a revolutionary step in the history of this nation and will be a major scale changer for the women of this country.

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Uniform Civil Code: Necessity and Impediments in its Implementation

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This research is conducted on the ecology of mealworms and their habitats in Churu, Rajasthan, providing valuable insights into the species and their ecological significance in this region. Insects thrive in a wide variety of habitats, having developed specialised adaptations in feeding habits, behaviour, and other biological traits that enhance their diversity. They represent 73% of all animal species, making them the most dominant group of organisms on Earth. Even conservative estimates suggest that five to eight million insect species remain undiscovered. Among these, Coleoptera (beetles) are the most diverse, comprising about 38% of all insects and 10% of all animal species. Mealworm belongs to the coleoptera order which is the largest order of insects, consisting of the beetles and weevils. Mealworms are beneficial insects due to their high nutrient content, making them a valuable food source for pet food, protein-rich animal feed, and even human consumption. In addition, mealworms possess the remarkable ability to break down plastic waste, including polystyrene which is a synthetic polymer derived from the monomer styrene. So, these mealworms can digest polystyrene at a rate of approximately 34-39 mg per day

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Ecology, Mealworm, Agriculture, Food-waste, Churu, Animal food.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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A survey conducted on diversity of algae in paddy fields of four different sampling areas of different corners of Samastipur district of North Bihar namely Gangapur (Site-I), Pusa (Site-II), Mujauna (Site-III) and Dariya (Site- IV) showed 27 spp. of Cyanophyceae and 22 spp. of Chlorophyceae during the crop season. Amongst Cyanophyceae, species of Nostoc, Anabaena, Microcystis, Gloeocapsa, Hapalosiphon, Aulosira and Rivularia and from Chlorophyceae, members of Scenedesmus, Ankistrodesmus, Chlorella, Cosmarium and Oedogonium were recorded in all the paddy fields.

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 Keywords

Cyanophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Diversity, Paddy Fields

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Ayurveda Is One Of The Most Ancient Medical Science. In Ayurveda Sthoulya(Obesity) Described By Different Acharyas In There Own Way.Acharya Charak Has Described Sthoulya Among The Ashtaninditiya Purush .Today Most Of The People Are Suffering And Obsessed With Sthoulya (Obesity). Obesity Is Defined As The Condition Where One Is At Least 20% More Than The Ideal Bodyweight.There Are So Many Causes Of Obesity Like Irregular Food Habits, Fastfood,Sedentary Lifestyle, Excessive Intake Of Sweet Food,Stress And Many More Which We Are Going To See In Detail In This Article So Looking Upon The Importance Of This Disease Its Important To Understand The Nidana Of Sthoulya.

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 Keywords

Sthoulya, Obesity, Nidan , Causes , Ayurveda

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study has been undertaken to investigate a real time threat detection and response to a ransomware attack. For this, two different virtual machines i.e. Linux and Windows are setup, in which Linux will be an attacker and Windows will be the victim. In this paper, the victim will be able to detect the threat posed by the attacker and also respond to the attack by blocking it. The Sliver C2 payload will be delivered through SSH client on Linux VM towards Windows VM. On Windows VM, Lima Charlie EDR (Endpoint Detection & Response) software tool is used for log monitoring, threat detection and threat response. Then, Volume Shadow Copier software is employed to retrieve the system from the attack. This paper is divided into multiple modules in order to increase efficiency of execution of the attack. Firstly, organize all the tools and software's required for this setup. In the next module, the advanced Log monitoring is performed to detect any anomaly which is helpful to detect the threats. Then in the final module, the threat response is performed by blocking the attack after detecting it in the earlier module. For blocking an attack, craft a D&R rule to respond to the adversarial attack. So, in a ransomware attack the first criteria is that the Volume Shadow Copies will have to be deleted. This event will trigger the D&R rule due to which the attack will be blocked, and the ransomware payload will be terminated in this case.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

EDR - Endpoint Detection and Response, SSH - Secure Shell, VM - Virtual Machine, Ubuntu Linux, Windows.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition