Volume 13 | Issue 8 |

 Abstract

Executive function is a psychological term used to analyze a person's cognitive function. This executive function can be identified from a person's behavior and the way they react to a situation. The application of executive function in the right way can improve a person's cognitive skills which can indirectly improve their academic performance. Students in Malaysia are more inclined towards the development of technology where they depend one hundred percent on technology. This makes their cognition untrained and weak. The main objective of this study is to determine the relationship between executive function and cognitive performance of students. This is to identify whether a student's academic achievement is affected by executive function. This study uses a quantitative research design. A survey study was conducted to identify student behavior based on their executive function and academic achievement. The results of the study found prove that, students who have behavior based on executive function, have a high level of academic achievement, this can lead to the conclusion that, the application of behavior based on executive function can provide higher cognitive skills that allow students to achieve high performance in their education. Improvements that can be made in this study by using the action research method where it is more effective and the results that will be obtained will be more accurate. In order to do this kind of research, a longer time allocation needs to be given.

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 Keywords

executive function, cognitive skills, academic performance, academic achievement.

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Safe and secure operations of robotic systems are of paramount importance. Aiming for achieving the trusted operations of a military robotic vehicle under contested environments, we introduce a new cyber-physical system based on the concepts of deeplearning Convolutional Neural Network(CNN).The proposed algorithm is specifically designed to reduce the cyber vulnerability of the Robot Operating System (ROS), a well-known middleware platform, widely used in both civilian and military domains. To demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed algorithm, we conduct penetration testing (real-time man-in-the-middle cyberattacks) on the GVR-BOT ground vehicle, a replicate of a military ground robot, developed by the United States Army Combat Capabilities Development Command(CCDC),Ground Vehicle Systems Center. The cyberattacks also exploit the vulnerability of the Robot Operating System employed on its onboard computer. We collect experimental data and train our CNN based on two different operating conditions, namely, legitimate and malicious. We normalize and convert the network traffic data in the form of RGB or grayscale images. We introduce two different types of windowing techniques, namely, the independent and overlapping sliding epochs to efficiently feed the network traffic data to our CNN system. Our research indicates the efficacy of the proposed algorithm. In addition, we also compare and demonstrate the relative merits of our proposed algorithm with respect to the performance of some well-known techniques, namely, 'bag-of-features' (BoFs) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithms.

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The existing literature on cyber-physical systems, such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and ground robots, high- lights several vulnerabilities and limitations in the attainment of strong operational efficiency. Homomorphic encryption research highlights controller-level security at the cost of adaptive, deep-learning-based intrusion detection systems for facilitating dynamic interactions in real-time environments. Likewise, UAV flight control system and mobile robot dy- namics resear

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In contemporary society, where individuals predominantly seek happiness through material wealth, power, and social status, nonetheless, in this constantly changing world, the conditions are subject to the law of impermanence, constantly changing; everything is illusionary because it is subject to the law of existence of Anatta, so no one could promise you a fixture of fulfilment. So, we can affirm that happiness based on matter, which is happiness in the interim in the moments, is just an illusion or a fulfilment that will soon fade away like the early morning mist disappearing at daybreak. So, the ancient Buddhist teachings offer an alternative pathway to genuine well-being. This paper investigates the Mah?satipa??h?na Sutta, one of the most important Suttas in Therav?da Buddhism, which contains many methods for application in modern psychological therapy. Through an investigation of the Four Foundations of Mindfulness, this study demonstrates how these ancient principles can be effectively joined into contemplation-based therapies like a MBSR and MBCT , contributing to enhanced mental health and life's quality. The study shows that this system of mindfulness practice through body awareness, emotional regulation, mental clarity, and the contemplation of mental objects integrates a total approach to address and alleviate problems with modern psychopathology, thus contributing developmentally to holistic health.

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Anatta, Mah?satipa??h?na, mindfulness, psychopathology, well-being, awareness, happiness, mental-health

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The spontaneous combustion of coal presents serious dangers in mining operations, resulting in loss of life, financial setbacks, and harm to the environment. This systematic review assesses the efficacy of different technologies designed to prevent and manage spontaneous combustion, concentrating on research published in Fuel, Energy, and Applied Energy from 2000 to 2025. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on 29 articles, focusing on various technologies including gels, gel foams, inhibitors, inert gas injection, and aqueous solutions. Notable findings reveal that gels, especially those enhanced with polymers such as konjac glucomannan (KGM) and expandable graphite (EG), demonstrate enhanced thermal stability and effective oxygen barrier properties. Gel foams, such as gel-stabilized and three-phase varieties, exhibit superior fire suppression capabilities due to their enhanced film-forming properties and water retention. However, challenges with stability persist. Methods involving inhibitors and gas injection demonstrate potential, particularly as the depth of nitrogen injection plays a crucial role in regulating temperature within coal gobs. The review emphasizes progress in material science, showcasing polymer-modified gels and high-water-retaining foams as the leading solutions. Nonetheless, the practical use and enduring reliability necessitate additional exploration. This research brings together current insights, highlights areas needing further exploration, and suggests directions for upcoming studies aimed at enhancing technologies for preventing spontaneous combustion in coal mining

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 Keywords

Spontaneous combustion, coal mining, fire prevention, gel technology, foam suppression, meta-analysis

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Coal continues to be the most essential fossil fuel resource globally, representing 94% of reserves, while oil and natural gas make up just 6%, guaranteeing its steady industrial demand and utilization. While coal plays a significant role in the global energy landscape, it is also a key factor in the occurrence of spontaneous combustion within the mining sector, which can result in the ignition of fires in coal mines. Fires in coal mines present significant dangers to those working underground, and these dangers have a direct influence on both the global economy and the environment. The combustion processes emit harmful gases, including carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, methane, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and fine particulate matter, along with various by-products. This results in significant health risks, such as pneumoconiosis, alongside detrimental effects on the environment and human distress caused by heat, land subsidence, and pollution. Spontaneous coal combustion (SCC) serves as the main trigger for coalmine fires, and tackling this issue can greatly diminish the occurrence of underground fires. Prioritizing prevention is crucial when addressing coalmine fires. Utilizing methods such as index gas monitoring, gravity heat pipes, oxygen inhibitors, gel suppressants, grouting, and foaming gels can significantly reduce the impact of SCC and coalmine fires. Moreover, significant attention must be directed towards the mechanical, electrical, natural, and human-induced factors contributing to mine fires in the effort to combat these blazes. Creating affordable techniques like foam, liquid nitrogen, and innovative fire-fighting technologies (such as the three-phase foam initiative) is essential for the prevention, detection, and extinguishing of difficult-to-find underground fires. Enhancing safety laws and creating an autonomous monitoring system for coalmine safety will bolster enforcement efforts. Effective implementation of ongoing safety training, thorough evaluations, and heightened awareness can significantly decrease the occurrence of coalmine fires when managed correctly from an administrative standpoint.

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Coalmine fires; Spontaneous coal combustion; Fire prevention; Methane explosion; Particulate matter

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This study explores the effectiveness of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in enhancing workplace safety and minimizing occupational hazards in the industrial sector. Despite the critical importance of PPE, data from sand and gravel mining sites reveal inconsistent utilization among workers, leading to a higher incidence of workplace accidents. This study employed a systematic review approach, where data were searched through various databases, including Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The methodological quality assessment of the studies was analysed for quality appraisal. Out of 900 found references, only 9 studies met all the criteria according to the STROBE checklist. The discussion highlights the diversity of PPE types, including advanced innovations such as smart helmets and respirators, which incorporate cutting-edge technologies to monitor environmental conditions, enhance communication, and ensure user safety. For instance, smart helmets, equipped with sensors, au

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PPEs, workplace safety, smart helmets, respiratory protection, protective clothing, occupational hazards

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The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 brings a significant shift in India's educational framework, placing considerable emphasis on strengthening teacher preparation and continuous development. This paper explores NEP 2020's key initiatives targeting teacher education, structural modifications, and strategies for lifelong learning among educators. Furthermore, it highlights challenges in execution and proposes ways to address them, aligning the Indian educational framework with international standards while preparing teachers for contemporary teaching demands.

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Continuous Professional Development, NEP 2020, Teacher Education, Higher Education Institution.

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Abstract Background: Dietary management is a cornerstone in the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). The glycemic index (GI) serves as a useful guide for choosing foods that lead to a slower increase in blood glucose levels. However, awareness and practical application of low GI diets remain limited among the diabetic population, especially in semi-urban and rural areas like Jammu district. Objective: To assess the level of knowledge and dietary practices related to low glycemic index foods among diabetic patients in Jammu district, J&K. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 diabetic patients attending outpatient departments in selected healthcare centers in Jammu district. A structured, pre-validated questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographics, awareness of glycemic index, identification of low-GI foods, and frequency of incorporating such foods in daily meals. Results: Only 32% of participants were aware of the term "glycemic index," and 18% could correctly identify at least three low-GI foods. While 45% reported eating whole grains and legumes regularly, only 20% had ever received dietary counseling on GI from a health professional. Educational level and duration of diabetes were significantly associated with better knowledge and dietary practices (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The study reveals a substantial gap in knowledge and practical implementation of low-GI diets among diabetic patients in Jammu. There is an urgent need for targeted nutrition education to promote effective dietary management in diabetes care.

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Glycemic index, type2 Diabetes Mellitus, Dietary Knowledge, Glycemic Control, Diabetic Diet, Jammu District.

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Reading difficulties are a significant challenge faced by primary students worldwide. This study investigates the causes, consequences, and interventions for reading difficulties in primary students in India. A mixed-methods approach was used, combining both quantitative and qualitative data. The study reveals that phonological awareness deficits, lack of reading practice, and limited English proficiency are significant causes of reading difficulties. The consequences of reading difficulties include poor academic performance, low self-esteem, and decreased motivation. Effective interventions include phonics-based instruction, multisensory teaching approaches, and assistive technology. The findings suggest that early identification and targeted interventions can significantly improve reading outcomes for primary students.

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Reading difficulties, primary students, phonological awareness, interventions, India

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ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Coccydynia is a medical term, which means the disorder of tailbone pain without any significant radiation or associated low back pain. Women are 5 times more likely to develop coccydynia. AIM OF STUDY: To evaluate the efficacy of Muscle Energy Technique and Maitland Mobilization along with ultrasound in reducing pain and improving functional activities in patient with postpartum coccydynia MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY: After fulfilling the selection criteria,30 subjects were randomly allotted in MET along with US Group A and MM along with US Group B each group consists of 15 subjects. Each group is treated for 3 days per week for 6 weeks of duration. The outcome measure is NPRS and ODI RESULT: The mean value of NPRS in group A (3.333) is more than the NPRS in group B (4.200) and ODI value for group A (12.2667) is more than the ODI in group B (15.2667). CONCLUSION: This study concludes GROUP A Muscle Energy Technique with Ultrasound is more effective than GROUP B Maitland Mobilization with Ultrasound on reducing Tailbone pain and increase the quality of life.

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KEY WORDS: Postpartum Coccydynia, Muscle Energy Technique, Maitland Mobilization, Ultrasound.

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