Volume 11 | Issue 7 |

 Abstract

Introduction:Encephalocele is defined as the externalization of brain tissue and/or meninges from the skull through a congenital bony defect. It is one of the most severe neural tube defects. Case presentation : We report a female newborn, weighing 2800 g, APGAR score 8/10. At birth, the clinical examination revealed a weight of 2800 g, a head circumference of 33 cm with a non bulging anterior fontanel. Discussion :Prenatal diagnosis of encephalocele is made by maternal screening of serum alpha-fetoprotein levels and by ultrasound. On two-dimensional ultrasound, encephalocele appears as a cystic mass with heterogeneous contents in continuity with certain brain structures. 2D ultrasound detects about 80% of encephaloceles. The diagnosis is easily and confidently made from the ultrasound findings in the second trimester and can also be made in the first trimester. The prognosis of newborns with encephalocele depends on the extent of neural tissue herniation in the sac and the presence of associated anomalies. Conclusion:The purpose of this observation is to highlight the contribution of different antenatal imaging methods in the diagnosis of encephalocele.

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Encephalocele, Transillumination, Encephalocele

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BACKGROUND : Changes in blood cell morphology occur easily, even after short periods of time in storage. Microscopic evaluation of a peripheral blood smear is one of the most beneficial tests to identify morphological changes. But anticoagulant-induced artefacts could lead to misinterpretation of the smears. By 2 hours, changes may be discernible, and by 24 hours, they become striking. In our topic, we will discuss how long EDTA can preserve morphology and determine the best time to preserve blood samples.. METHOD : Thin smears were made immediately at the time of blood collection (0 hr) and after 2, 6, 12, and 24 hours of storage at room temperature. Smears stain with Leishman's stain and are observed under a microscope to check the morphology of cells.RESULT : The present study included 30 blood samples. Smears were prepared at 0 hours, 2 hours, 8 hours, and 24 hours using the venous blood collection method with EDTA anticoagulant. There are no other significant morphological alterations or artefacts observed in direct smears (0 h). Two-hour smears from EDTA did not show any artifactual changes. 8-hour and 24-hour smears from EDTA showed significant morphological artefacts on storageCONCLUSION: By collecting blood samples in EDTA anticoagulant and storing them over time, our investigation has found that significant morphological changes occur in RBC, WBC, and platelet. This could lead to an inaccurate estimation and a wrong diagnosis

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artifacts, Peripheral blood smear, morphological changes, EDTA anticoagulant

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A company's force as well as its character largely depends on whether there are complaints about the company's marketable products. Any disfigurement in the injectables can beget serious diminishment to the manufacturing company which has a good character up to now. Once the injectables placed in the request, post-marketing surveillance is an important factor in controlling its adverse goods on the population. The source of the claim can be anything, i.e., shipping, manufacturing and packaging, labeling, breakage of vials, etc. Any error in any of this way can lead to serious problems. thus, dealing with request complaints should be a major task. This critical step requires a single, unified and secure platform for managing product complaints from launch to finish. Request complaints are thus prioritized according to easily defined procedures. In the event of a serious complaint, a root cause analysis should be conducted to resolve the issue and similar injectable products should be removed from the request. The recall system must be so effective that the product can be removed from the request within a specified period of time. The study outlines the typical process for resolving request complaints and product recalls from FDA authorized officer.[1]

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Complaints, Recalls, Injectables, Defects, Management, PDCA, CAPA, FDA

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This paper gives the idea to power factor correction (PFC) - based Canonical Switching Cell (CSC) converter-fed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) drive for low-power applications. The speed of PMSM is controlled by varying the dc-bus voltage of Voltage Source Inverter (VSI). The PMSM is electronically commutated for reduced switching losses in VSI due to low-frequency switching. A front-end CSC converter operating in discontinuous inductor current mode (DICM) is used for dc-bus voltage control with unity power factor at ac mains. A sensor less for dc-bus voltage sensing is used for the development of the proposed drive, which makes it a cost-effective solution. In this work, PFC BL-CC converter is operated in discontinuous inductor current mode to attain better power quality. The DIC mode operation requires only one voltage sensor to sense DC-link voltage, whereas in Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM), the sensor requirement increases to three (two voltage sensors and one current sensor). The PFC BL-CC converter also eliminates the diode bridge rectifier stage. The simulation analysis indicates that a smooth control could be realized and the highest efficiency and the smallest current ripple could be achieved.

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PMSM, BL-CC Converter, Three Phase Inverter, Canonical Switching Cell, FOC controller

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In Ayurveda, ahara (food), swapna (sleep) and brahmacharya (celibacy) are considered as tryo-upasthambha or sub supporting pillars of life. Food is critical for the sustenance of life; it is the first of the three, followed by sleep and brahmacharya. Foods are any substances containing nutrients, such as carbohydrate, proteins and fats that can be ingested by a living organism and metabolized into energy and bodily tissues. Digestion is the process of breakdown of complex form of food into simplest monomers through enzymatic process in gastrointestinal tract. Concept of gastrointestinal tract is very much elaborated by the Ayurvedic Samhitas. A consistent, clear and precise anatomical description for the most part of the gastro-intestinal tract has been furnished by Atreya Samhita which has been quoted by Vaidyaka-Sabda Sindhu. The gastrointestinal tract is described by various terms like Mahsrotas, Annavaha srotas and Kostha etc. In Ayurveda, the digestive system is considered vital for overall health and is known as "Agni," meaning digestive fire. This article provides a concise overview of the Ayurvedic perspective on the physiology of the digestive system. According to Ayurveda, the digestive system consists of various organs and processes working in harmony to digest and assimilate food. The key organ systems involved include the mouth, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, and pancreas. The proper functioning of these organs is essential for maintaining optimal health and preventing diseases.

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Annavaha srotas, Agni, digestion.

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Ayurveda is not only a pathy or treatment protocol to treat disease with herbs or natural ways but it is actually the knowledge of life and health teaching us how to stay healthy and how to live life in a good way. Considering its eternity to be effective since ages for human life, some of its concepts are different and extraordinary in its own way. Vega vidharana is one such concept which is preached as one of the commonest factors in causation of both health and disease. Due to time gap and drastic changes in modern lifestyle, most of us have been unknown to its giant importance. Even some of those who knows about this concept does not take it seriously. In this article we got to know about Adharniya vegas : The types and how they affect our physical and mental health.

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Ayurveda, Vega, Vega vidharana, Adharniya Vega.

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Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer in the globe and can be fatal if not diagnosed and treated in time. Early detection is the key for timely diagnosis and successful outcomes. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising tool for early detection of skin cancer. AI algorithms can provide support in improve diagnosis accuracy through automated image analysis techniques such as pattern recognition and machine learning. AI systems also enable non-experts to assess the risk of skin cancer through image classification and segmentation. AI solutions can also automate manual processes like analyzing biopsied images, leading to quicker diagnosis and treatments with improved accuracy. By combining AI with conventional tools, providers can offer a cost-effective and efficient solution for skin cancer screening and diagnosis in healthcare settings. In this way, AI can help to reduce the burden of skin cancer on both lives and healthcare resources

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skin cancer, early detection, machine learning, artificial, intelligence, pattern recognition

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Abstract The eminent historian R.S. Sharma maintained that a decentralised agrarian system, with landholding elites exerting political and economic control over their areas, best described feudalism in India. He emphasised the significance of caste-based relationships and the way feudal rulers took advantage of the people. Another well-known historian, Burton Stein, found the concept of 'feudalism' insufficient to describe the sociopolitical processes of mediaeval India. He surmised that the Indian social structure did not cleanly fit the European feudal model and offered substitute notions like 'segmentary state' and 'stateless societies' to describe the convoluted political system of the time. Indian history expert Hermann Kulke proposed an integrated processual approach to analysing feudalism in India. Kulke emphasised the need to comprehend the historical factors that contributed to the development and evolution of feudal ties in various geographic areas. His research on the development of feudalism and its interactions with various forms of power in mediaeval Indian culture brought to light the interdependence of economic, social, and political variables. The points made in the feudalism discussion by Sharma, Stein, and Kulke are critically analysed in this study. It evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of each strategy and pinpoints points of convergence and divergence. By combining these ideas, the study aims to further our knowledge of feudalism in mediaeval India and illuminate the larger socio-political setting of the era.

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Feudalism, Debate, Segementary State, Integrated Processual Model, Medieval

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The oral drug delivery system is mostly preferred due it convenient for administration, safe, improved compliance and economical route. Fast dissolving tablets are highly accepted fast growing drug delivery system. The one of the significant limitation of conventional dosage forms i.e tablet, capsule is Dysphagia which is overcome by using fast dissolving tablet formulation. Fast dissolving tablet are the dosage form which dissolve or disintegrate in saliva within few sec with or without need of water. Fast dissolving tablet gives fast onset of action, good bioavailability and avoid first pass metabolism. Fast dissolving tablet mainly used in diseases like stroke, Parkinson's, neurological disorders, schizophrenic patient, hand tremor and also who have fear of chocking. FDTs are used especially in pediatric, gediatric, bedridden, and for the patient who are busy and travelling and may not access to water. This review includes introduction, features, properties, criteria, need, limitations, characteristics, various ingredients, challenges, evaluation parameters, and technologies.

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Fast disintegrating tablet, Super disintegrants, Oral drug delivery system.

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The federal Food and Drug Cosmetic Act defines cosmetics by their intended use as articles intended to be rubbed, poured, sprinkled or sprayed on, introduced into , or otherwise applied to the human body for cleansing, beautifying , promoting attractiveness, or altering the appearance. Sunscreen agents are used for external use only. The use of sunscreen as photo protecting agents for UV protection. The sunscreen formulation is which when applied topically to protect the skin from harmful UV radiation. The present research work was to formulation and evaluation of Creme Solaire by using Poly Verdants. The herbal sunscreen was prepared by using extracts of Beetroot, Pomegranate and Banana leaf. The prepared formulation was evaluated for various parameters like pH, SPF, Viscosity, Spreadaility and Removal. The different formulation were prepared and evaluated among which shows best result.

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Key words: Herbal Sunscreen, Skin, Beetroot, Pomegranate, Banana leaf, SPF.

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