Volume 11 | Issue 7 |

 Abstract

Keratins are proteins that form hard fibres, present in wool, horns, hoofs and feathers etc. In the poultry industry, the feathers constitute up to 10% of total chicken weight. Uncontrolled disposal of feathers from the poultry slaughterhouses is troublesome to environment. Primary purification phase is necessary for isolating the keratin from other materials. The purification was conducted by washing with distilled water, detergent and petroleum ether and lastly again with water. Reducing agent used were sodium sulphide. Keratin is precipitated and purified from the chicken feather using ammonium sulphate. The amount of Keratin protein in extract was calculated by Lowry's method. Presence of Keratin was identified with the help of SDS PAGE and it was used to determine the molecular weight. Keratin protein was characterized using FTIR. The analysis of FTIR confirmed the presence of chemical compositions such as carboxyl and amino groups in the protein samples. Keratin protein solution was used in cosmetic product and, especially for hair care products such as detergents, shampoos, conditioners etc.

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Keratin, Protein, Chicken Feather, Cosmetics, Keratin Shampoo

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 Abstract

RAKHI KUSHVAH , SODHARTHI

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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RAKHI KUSHVAH , SODHARTHI

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This research paper aims to give a conceptual study on the importance of training and development programmes to employees and institutions. The structure and components of employee training and development programmes will be examined in this paper, after which the study will highlight the importance for both employees and institutions. In the modern global economy, it is challenging for institutions to remain competitive. Employee development programmes are becoming increasingly important for business institutions looking to get an edge over rivals. The success or failure of an organisation depends on the performance of its valued resource: its personnel. As a result, business institutions spend a lot of money on training and development initiatives for their employees. Additionally, organisations should emphasise their employee's knowledge, skill, and competence in training programmes. Due to the institutional, technical, and social dynamics, employees tend to become absolute, making the necessity of adapting to ongoing learning and upgrading of skills and knowledge vital. Therefore, managing training and development programmes properly is crucial if organisations are to get the most returns on their investments. Under intense and dynamic competition, an organization's human capital is its most important asset. Training and development are tools that help human capital discover their dexterity. As a result, training and development programs are essential to the workforce productivity of an organisation. The impact, that training and development programmes have on both employees and institutions is a topic of intense debate among experts and scholars. The study that is being discussed here is a careful analysis of the fundamentals of employee training and development programmes and their importance for both employees and institutions.

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 Keywords

Employee, Training and Development, Institutions, Program, and Importance.

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Mutual funds are created by pooling investor savings in several securities with varied risk-return relationships. Open ended mutual funds of the sort called equity linked saving schemes give investors tax benefits under section 80 C of the Income Tax Act of 1961.Through the use of several methods, such as beta, Sharpe, and Jensen ratios, this research attempts to analyse the performance of ELSS Growth funds. In order for investors to achieve their investing goals, it also recommends appropriate ELSS plans to them. 10 ELSS growth funds are examined for the study, which is conducted over a 5-year period.

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 Keywords

Mutual funds, ELSS, Income Tax Act, UTI, Investors, Risk, Return

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The women go beyond social responsibility and can have a positive impact on the economy. Women-owned firms result in increased jobs, and yield substantial sales and receipts. Women's entrepreneurial appetites are at an all-time high. Statistics show that approximately 10 million entrepreneurs will be funded by 2025, out of which 50% will be women.Women are also shut out of the formal financial system. Nearly half of India's women do not have a bank or savings accounts for their own use, and 60 percent of women have no valuable assets to their name.Women in India also face great physical insecurity. The rate of crimes against women in India stands at 53.9 percent in India.The World Bank's "Women, Business and the Law 2022" report, outlines the importance of women's economic empowerment and involvement in business.

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Backdrop, Literature Review, Significance, Empowerment and Role

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This paper aims to delve into the multifaceted culture of beauty and maquillage during the Early Modern period in England, offering a fresh perspective on the societal norms, practices, and perceptions of beauty during this transformative era. By examining a wide range of primary sources, including literary works, personal accounts, and visual representations, this study uncovers the intricate relationship between beauty ideals, cosmetics, and the construction of identity in early modern society. The research explores the significant role played by various factors such as social status, gender, and cultural influences in shaping beauty standards and practices. Furthermore, it investigates the intricate craftsmanship of cosmetic products, their ingredients, and their impact on the individuals who employed them. The paper contextualizes the early modern beauty culture within the broader historical and cultural framework, highlighting its connections to contemporary discourses on morality, power dynamics, and emerging consumer culture. By engaging with diverse sources, the study sheds light on the ways in which beauty practices were entwined with concepts of social hierarchy, religious beliefs, and notions of propriety. Additionally, it examines the social and economic implications of the beauty industry, including the emergence of professional beauty practitioners, and the circulation of beauty advice manuals. Moreover, this research challenges existing assumptions about beauty practices in early modern England, presenting a nuanced understanding of the complexities and contradictions inherent in the culture of beauty during this period. By acknowledging the agency and motivations of individuals in their pursuit of beauty, the study transcends simplistic narratives of oppression or conformity, highlighting the potential for personal expression and self-fashioning within the constraints of societal expectations. This paper offers a comprehensive exploration of the culture of beauty and maquillage in Early Modern England, shedding light on the interconnectedness of beauty ideals, societal norms, and personal agency. By examining the multifaceted aspects of beauty practices and their wider implications, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the complex dynamics between appearance, identity, and social structures in this transformative period of English history.

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Maquillage, Cosmetics,Renaissance, Early Modern England, Transformation.

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The present research work deals with toxic effect of Cascabela thevetia L its powdered leaves and stem residues on growth and metabolism on weed Alternathera sessilis L. The production leaves and branches of weed hampered and greatly influenced after 15 and 30th day of sowing. Concurrently its biochemical constituents, such as total chlorophylls, polyphenols, proteins and carbohydrate contents get reduced in the Leaves of Alternanthera sessilis L after the application of leaf and stem residue 15th, 30th and 45th days after sowing. These phytochemicals were greatly diminished as compared to control. Therefore, these toxic residues or allelochemicals may inhibit growth and metabolism of Alternathera sessilis L, hence, allelopathic potential allows introduction of alternative techniques for weed management.

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Cascabela thevetia L, Alternathera sessilis L, allelochemicals, chlorophylls, polyphenols, proteins and Carbohydrates.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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India is fast developing country but women in India continue to be discriminated, the women across the country, struggle to live life with dignity continues. Women, irrespective of their class, caste and educational status, are not safe and sound. In a country like India we can see the blending between western ideas and Indian ethnicity. So, as the notion of live-in-relationship is also evolving. Directly there is no lawful hindrance to keep a man and woman living together without internal bound into formal marriage as "live-in-relationship". In any case, the standard society of India however does not authorize such living game plans for various reasons. Unmistakable quality of marriage, subjugation of females on men and the flimsiness of such a relationship created a subservient status for the woman are the primary elements for forbidding the live in relationship in India by the general public. Individuals still believes in marriage foundation as the base of the general public.

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discriminated, blending, subjugation, subservient, forbidding

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This paper presents a new approach for the design of a multi-wideband microstrip-patch antenna. The radiating elements in this antenna are composed of rectangular slots following a chebyshev distribution of order 10 around a rectangular centre slot, and an additional triangular slot. These slots are engraved in the rectangular and triangular patch, joined together in one structure, and fed by one probe feed. A sample antenna can be used for several applications, especially in the GSM domain, and for Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and several other applications.

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Microstrip patch antennas, WLAN, GSM, Bluetooth, wideband antennas.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Recent years have seen a considerable increase in the derivatives industry, giving investors new investment opportunities. Investors' perceptions and decision-making may be impacted by their lack of understanding of the dangers and advantages of investing in derivatives. This "Research Paper" investigates how investors see investing in the derivatives market and finds the variables that affect their choices.

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 Keywords

Derivative

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition