Volume 11 | Issue 7 |

 Abstract

Automotive radiator is key component of engine cooling system. Radiator thermal analysis consist sizing and rating of head exchanger . Radiator Size Mainly depends on head rejection requirement. Head Transfer Calculations are important fundamentals to optimize radiator size. Automotive manufactruers use 1-D simulation software to decide radiator size. This paper focuses on thermal analysis of radiator theoretically using E-NTU method and its validation by simulation approach.

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 Keywords

Automotive radiator ,Head transfer , Rating , Simulation, Sizing

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

OpenAI has released a new version of ChatGPT, a sophisticated natural language processing system which is able to hold natural conversations by preserving and responding to the context of the discussion. However, ChatGPT has also been utilized in negative aspects despite its usage in different fields of applications. Data has been gathered regarding the effectiveness and usability of this tool for completing examinations, programming assignments, and term papers. This work has analyzed the impact of ChatGPT system in the field of education especially in the field of computer science higher education and also evaluated how it is misused in different levels of applications, ranging from utilizing it as a consultant to simply copying its outputs. The analysis indicates that ChatGPT is able to cope up with "Programs" and performs better. It is not able to compete effectively in other fields like examinations / term papers.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Artifical Intelligence, ChatGPT, education, Virtual Assistant, Computer Security.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The emergence of innovation in small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) is vital to achieve economic growth. Hence, product innovations in attaining competitive advantage to achieve desired level of economic growth in Nigeria have recently emerged as one of the most significant subjects in the context of the common marketplace. This made it imperative for the study to conduct an analysis of the Role of Product Innovation on Small and Medium Scale in Abia State of Nigeria. Primary data sourced from selected SMEs clusters in Aba, Abia State were used for the study. The study utilized Pearson correlation technique and Z-test analytical techniques in investigating the role of product innovation on the survival of Small and Medium Enterprises in Abia State. The study based on the results revealed that there is a weak positive relationship of about 34% between product innovation improving the productivity of SMEs in Nigeria and product innovation by SMEs attracting government support in Nigeria within the study period. The study further revealed that the most relevant influence on business competitiveness for the SMEs is the defensive strategies. The study therefore recommended that government should encourage innovative SMEs development through the provision of incentives to SMEs and standing as a guarantor for loans given to aspiring entrepreneurs and innovators.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Product Innovation, Business Competitiveness, Survival, SMEs

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Quality by Design (QbD) methodology has recently been used in the creation of pharmaceutical formulations. Modern and reliable quality by design indicates that structure plays a key role in the process of getting drugs of high quality. QbD approach guarantees security, adequacy and nature of item with an undeniable degree of efficiency. Executing into practice the QbD to effective topical dose structures underlying phases. Incorporating QbD methodologies involves creating a quality target product profile (QTPP) and selecting crucial quality attributes (QAs) to develop a plan for a quality-based, non-exclusive, beneficial dermatological product. Characterizing the quality target product profile (QTPP), a list of quality attributes (QAs) that are intended to be present in the finished product, is the first stage in developing an item using this effective process. The limitations of the assembling approach as well as the fixes used have an impact on these quality attributes. Therefore, it is necessary to indicate critical material attributes (CMAs) and critical process parameters (CPPs). It is deliberate, pragmatic and hazard-based approach in drug improvement. Administrative specialists overall additionally support the transformation & Quality by Configuration execution methodology in drug advancement. QbD apparatuses like plan of trial, hazard appraisal, and interaction scientific innovation help to lay out a control procedure for each medication item with a choice of ceaseless observing and improvement for a quality drug product. The purpose of this brief review is to explain how pharmaceutical Quality by Design is perceived.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Quality by design (QbD), quality target product profile (QTPP), critical material ascribes (CMAs), critical process parameters (CPPs), quality attributes (QAs), Degree of efficiency

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Girls and boys see gender inequality in their homes and communities every day - in textbooks, in the media and among the adults who care for them. Parents may assume unequal responsibility for household work, with mothers bearing the brunt of caregiving and chores. The majority of low-skilled and underpaid community health workers who attend to children are also women, with limited opportunity for professional growth. And in schools, many girls receive less support than boys to pursue the studies they choose. This happens for a variety of reasons: The safety, hygiene and sanitation needs of girls may be neglected, barring them from regularly attending class. Discriminatory teaching practices and education materials also produce gender gaps in learning and skills development. As a result, nearly 1 in 4 girls between the ages of 15 and 19 are neither employed nor in education or training - compared to 1 in 10 boys.

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H: Hypothesis, df: degree of freedom

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

"THE EFFECTIVENESS OF NORMAL SALINE MOUTH WASH ON PREVENTION OF ORAL MUCOSITIS AMONG PATIENTS RECEIVING CHEMOTHERAPY"

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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H: Hypothesis, df: degree of freedom

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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An exploratory study to assess the prevalence and factors associated with breast milk substitute among postnatal mothers in selected hospital Ranchi with a view to develop an information booklet regarding exclusive breast feeding OBJECTIVES- 1. To find out prevalence of breast milk substitute among postnatal mothers. 2. To investigate preferred breast milk substitute feeding among postnatal mothers. 3. To explore the factors associated with breast milk substitute feeding among postnatal mothers 4. To find out association of breast milk substitute among postnatal mothers with their selected socio demographic variables PROJECTEDOUTCOME/HYPOTHESIS- H0 - There will be no significant association between breast milk substitute among postnatal mothers with their selected socio demographic variables. H1 - There will be significant association between breast milk substitute among postnatal mothers with their selected socio demographic variables. For thepresent studydescriptive researchdesign:-isutilized to achieve the statedobjective . The study was basedon the conceptual framework of health belief model is to assess the prevalence and factors associated with breast milk substitute among postnatal mothers. Anquantitative researchapproachis used pilot studywas conducted toconfirm the feasibility of the study and determine the reliability of the tool.Formain studyconsecutive sampling wasdoneon100 sampleof postnatal mothers of inselectedhospitals of Ranchi. The tool used for data collection consists of self structured check list for demographic data and factors associated with substitute breast feeding. A formal written permission was obtained from the Director,of District Maternal and Child Hospital Ranchi. Data collection for the study was carried out from 2/11/22 to 28/11/22.The investigator first introduces her self to the respondents and explain the purpose of gathering information .They were assured that their response would be kept confidential and used only for the purpose of research. The data was analysed using the descriptive and inferential statistics where the result shows. analysis to assess the factors associated with breast milk substitute feeding among postnatal mothers, in physical factors mean (9.09), SD(2.82), emotional factors mean (3.08), SD(1.02), mean score % (61.6%), social factors mean (3.39), SD(1.11), mean score % (56.5%), organizational factors mean (3.21), SD(1.14), mean score % (64.2%), and other mean (2.12), SD(0.8), mean score % (70.67% Findingrelated toassociation between factors associated with breast milk substitute feeding among postnatal mothers of age, educational qualification, occupation of mother, type of family, gravida, parity, characteristics of delivery, weight of baby, and characteristics of baby were socio demographic variables, The calculated value of chi square for occupation of mother (15.61) were significant, while calculated value of chi square for age (2.65), educational qualification (6.71), type of family (0.26), gravida (6.84), parity (2.01), characteristics of delivery (2.37), weight of baby (9.43), characterisitcs of baby (0.97) were not significant. Hence it is concluded that occupation of mother were associated with factors, whereas age, educational qualification, gravida, type of family, parity, weight of baby, characteristics of baby were not associated with level of factors. The study will be a motivation to beginning researcher to conduct similar studiesonthelargescale.Similarstudymaybereplicatedforlargersampleindifferentsettingfor making broad generalization.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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H: Hypothesis, df: degree of freedom

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Health is wealth. To keep body in good health is a dutyotherwise we shall not be able to keep our mind strong & clear. So health is something that should be taken into serious consideration and also it become one of most concerned issues of any human being . A human life is divided into five main stages namely infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthoodand old age. In each of these stages an individual find himself in different situations and face difficult problems. The old age is not without any problems. In elderly people, the physical strength deteriorates, mental stability diminishes money power becomes break coupled with negligence from younger generation. Ageing is natural process. Due to improved health care services there is decreased infertility and mortality and these leads to increased geriatric population both in developed as well as developing countries. India's population is likely to increase by 60% between 2000 and 2050 but the number of elders, who attained 60 years of age, will shot up by 360 percentages. India has around 100 million elderly at present and number is expected to increase 323 million, constituting 20% of total population by 2050.Nearly 5-7% of elderly patients who are attending primary care have a primary complaint of sleeping problems. The active elderly person who suddenly losses energy and they become easily to prone sleep disturbance. The number of persons above the age of 60 years is fast growing especially in India. India is second most popular country in world has 76.6 million people at over age of 60 year. bPre experimental design [non-randomized control group] i.e. "one group pre-test, post-test research design" was used for assessing the effectiveness of hot water footbath therapy on the quality of sleep among elderly, staying in old age home The reliability of the tool was calculated using Karl Pearson methods. The tool was found to be reliable (r=0.8) for data collection. The data was collected after taking formal approval from principal Vapi Purpose of the study was explained to the group and confidentiality was assured. The data collected was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics in terms of frequency, mean, standard deviation, and associated by chi square test. The findings related to effectiveness of hot water footbath therapy on the quality of sleep among elderly The post-test score (13.5), SD (1.8) is higher than the pretest mean score is (7.8), SD(1.6) and t value = 7.5 obtained, which is highly significant at P=0.05 calculated value is greater than the table value, hence the H0 hypothesis is rejected and H1 alternative hypothesis is accepted.

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 Keywords

effectiveness, hot water bath therapy, quality of sleep, elderly, old age

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Calisthenic exercises leads to an improvement in overall strength and energy to the body, in turn promoting overall health. Calisthenics also improves mental health, which in turn helps in treating depression, stress, anxiety and the like. Title: "A study to assess the effectiveness of calisthenic exercises in reducing stress among nursing students in a selected college of nursing at dewas "Objectives: To assess the level of stress and find out the effectiveness of calisthenic exercises, associate the post test stress score with their selected demographic variables among nursing students. Methods and materials: A pre experimental design was chosen Non probability convenient sampling technique used to select the sample.60 nursing students were the sample. Perceived stress scale was used to assess the nursing students stress. Results: In pretest, the nursing students stress score was 23.12 after the administration of calisthenic exercise the post test stress score was 14.18 Difference is 8.94.It was statistically significant at p<0.001 level. Conclusion: Statistical significance was calculated by using chi square test and one way Anova-test, student paired t-test. After calisthenic exercise the stress level has reduced among nursing students. So calisthenic exercise has significant impact in reducing the stress among nursing students.

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H: Hypothesis, df: degree of freedom

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Aim: Comparative study of Immunomodulatory activity of Actidinia delicosa cv. Hayward fruit and Brassica olearaceae var. Capitata leaf in experimental animals. Material and Method: The assessment of immunomodulatory activity of ethanolic extract of Actidinia delicosa cv. Hayward fruit (200 and 400 mg/kg p.o.) and methanolic extract of Brassica olearaceae var. Capitata leaf (250 and 500 mg/kg, p.o.) were done by Carbon clearance test and Neutrophil adhesion test for Non-specific immunity, Delayed Type Of Hypersensitivity Reaction for Cell mediated immune response, and T-Cell population test. Result: The present studies suggest that the methanolic extract of Brassica olearaceae var. Capitata leaf was found to possess significant Immunostimulatory activity on Immune system than the ethanolic extract of Actidinia delicosa cv. Hayward fruit in dose dependent manner when compare with control group.

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 Keywords

Immunostimulant action, kiwi, red cabbage, Levamisole,

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition