Volume 11 | Issue 7 |

 Abstract

Analysing the economic effectiveness of a select few banks that operate in both the PNB and CBS banks has recently become more important than ever. It is now easier than ever to do this examination. Over the course of the years 2017 to 2022, we assess the profitability, liquidity, efficiency, and solvency of twenty distinct financial institutions, ten of which are public sector banks and the other ten private sector banks. Our assessment is based on a number of financial factors, such as those mentioned above. Our analysis revealed that, for the vast majority of the several financial characteristics that were examined, financial institutions operating in the private sector have outperformed those operating in the public sector. At private sector financial institutions like banks, indicators of profitability, such as return on equity (ROE) and net interest margin (NIM), have been demonstrated to be much higher. As a direct result of the upgrades they have made to the quality of their assets, as well as the rises in operational effectiveness and drops in overhead expenses, they are in a position to do so. The public sector's financial institutions, on the other hand, have struggled to sustain stable levels of profitability. A higher level of non-performing assets (NPAs) and reduced loan recovery rates, on the other hand, have made it challenging for public sector banks to maintain their profitability. They now have to deal with these two issues as a result of these causes. As seen by the current ratio and the cash-to-deposit ratio, public sector banks, on the other hand, have higher liquidity ratios. These ratios reflect the availability of cash in relation to deposits. The public sector banks have more capital available to pay their short-term commitments than the private sector banks do, based on these ratios. This is mostly due to the fact that public sector banks often have the ability to retain bigger cash reserves since the government owns and supports these institutions, ensuring a steady supply of cash. Contrarily, it has been shown that private sector banks have greater efficiency ratios, including the advances to deposits ratio, demonstrating that they are more adept at using their assets to produce profits.

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 Keywords

Keywords: Banking, Financial Statements, Risk, Ratios.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In the ancient time, Nadars were landlords; but later, after their migration to Travancore, they were pushed into the dungeon of slavery and considered as polluted class. Through western education and the introduction of Christianity, they gave up old heathen worship and they got enlightenment and became one of the dominant communities of South India.

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 Keywords

Shatrar, Shantore, Nadazhvar, Shannar, Kshatriyas, Poorshandrum, Kuppakalca, Oolium Service, Madan, Bhadrakali, Amman, upper-cloth revolt.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Natural medicines are more accepted because they are safer and have fewer side effects than manufactured ones. On the global market, demand for herbal formulations is increasing. The present work deals with the development & evaluation of the herbal hand wash containing methanolic extract (9 parts methanol: 1 part water) of Avocado Fruit (Persea Americana). Hand washing is an essential part of daily living. Because hands are a primary source of microbial illnesses, proper hand washing with appropriate hand wash formulation is necessary. Herbs are recognised to have antibacterial qualities, thus using them as an antimicrobial agent is now widespread practice. Present study involves formulation of herbal hand wash using extract of Avocado Fruit. Agar Well diffusion method was utilized for evaluation of the antimicrobial activity against skin pathogens of the prepared herbal hand. Its effectiveness was evaluated and compared to that of a regular commercial hand wash. Results revealed that extract of Avocado Fruit formulation was more efficient in reducing the number of organisms from hands based handwash with less or no side effects. To avoid the side effect of synthetic handwash like itching, dryness and burning, an attempt has been made to develop a herbal handwash. It gives anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory properties and provide moisture to the skin. Thus, owing to higher efficacy these herbal extract can be used in the preparation of herbal hand wash on commercial scale.

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 Keywords

Avocado (Persea Americana), Phytochemical Screening, Antimicrobials, Agar Well Diffusion Method.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract: Paternity leave in India has emerged as a crucial aspect of the evolving discourse on gender equality, work-life balance, and family welfare. As societal norms, the recognition of fathers' role in parenting and the need for their active involvement in childcare has very important. The absence of specific constitutional provisions for paternity leave highlights the reliance on separate labour laws and employment acts to address this matter. The Maternity Benefit Act of 1961 was amended in 2017 to include provisions for paternity leave, offering eligible fathers up to 15 days of paid leave. While this legislation is a notable step forward, challenges such as cultural norms and awareness persist, influencing the uptake and implementation of paternity leave. This article emphasizes that paternity leave policies significantly promote shared parenting, the need for paternity leave legislation in India, and a comparative analysis with other countries. To ensure further progress, it calls for continued advocacy, awareness campaigns, and potential expansions of leave duration, reinforcing India's commitment to achieving gender equality and family welfare.

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Keywords: Paternity leave, Gender equality, Article 42, Work life balance

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Language plays a vital role in shaping the cultural identity of communities. In the context of Mayurbhanj, a region known for its rich tribal heritage in Odisha, India, the preservation of tribal languages has become an urgent concern. This research paper investigates into the significance of language as an essential element of cultural identity and focuses on the preservation of Bhumij and Mundari languages as a crucial aspect of cultural heritage in Mayurbhanj. The paper highlights the unique linguistic diversity present in Mayurbhanj, with a particular emphasis on the endangered tribal languages spoken by various indigenous communities. Drawing on extensive research, the paper sheds light on the factors contributing to the endangerment of Bhumij and Mundari languages in Mayurbhanj. It discusses the influence of dominant languages, urbanization, globalization, and educational policies that promote non-tribal languages as mediums of instruction. The adverse impacts of language shift, language loss, and the consequent disconnection from cultural roots are examined in detail. Furthermore, the research paper explores the efforts and initiatives aimed at preserving Bhumij and Mundari languages in Mayurbhanj. It highlights the significance of language revitalization programs, community-led language preservation initiatives, and the role of education in promoting and sustaining tribal languages. The paper also discusses the importance of creating awareness among both tribal and non-tribal communities about the value of linguistic diversity and cultural heritage. The findings of this research underscore the urgent need to prioritize the preservation and revitalization of tribal languages in Mayurbhanj, especially the Bhumij and Mundari languages. It emphasizes the role of government agencies, educational institutions, community organizations, and individuals in supporting language preservation initiatives.

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 Keywords

Bhumij, Mundari, language, Mayurbhanj, mundaribani, Ol Onal

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Arunachal Pradesh is known for its rich cultural heritage, each tribe exhibiting their way of life based on their own indigenous knowledge system. The Apatanis of Ziro valley, since time immemorial have developed and utilized their crafting skills in order to address their daily requirements. The skill of home crafts existed to this day and every household still continues to weave their own cloths, utility baskets, utensils, hunting and agricultural tools etc. Among the skills that the tribesmen possesses, pottery is one the significant art practiced by the Apatani tribe, which although is not commonly practiced by all members. Pottery items were extensively used by the tribes men till the advent of modern utensils. The present paper is an attempt to understand the manufacturing process, various types and classification of pottery used among the Apatanis.

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Apatanis, cultural heritage, Indigenous, Pottery

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Texture Factor ,A* and Magnetic Crystalline Anisotropy Energy Density,E* K0,K1,K2, K3 Constants are important parameters for Pure Iron. While the former indicates volume density of crystals having preferred Orientation, latter indicates the easy and hard magnetization directions. Evaluation of these parameters for Pure Iron and Electrical Steel enables in reduction of core losses and improving the electrical energy efficiency in Transformers, Rotating Machines. In this research article,an attempt is made to compute Magneto-Crystalline Anisotropy Energy Density for pure iron based on Texture Factor for Ideal fibres.

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Texture Factor, Magnetic Crystalline Anisotropy Energy Density,Core losses

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Empowering people of all genders is important for making the world more fair, equal, and welcoming. It's a trip that needs everyone to work together, make big changes, and promise to stop treating people differently because of their gender. The goal is to make sure everyone, no matter what gender they are, is treated fairly and has a good life.

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Gender empowerment, beliefs, attitudes, assumptions, society, women, men

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Introduction Anemia is a major health problem in India. One in every two Indian women is suffering from a form of anemia. The adolescent population is facing a series of serious nutritional challenges which are not only affecting their growth and development but also their livelihood as adults. Objectives The objective of the study were to determine the effectiveness of nutritive balls and drumstick leaves extract in improving the hemoglobin level among adolescent girls and to compare the effectiveness of Nutritive Ball and Drumstick Leaves Extract in improving the hemoglobin level among adolescent girls. Methods The study is pre-experimental research (group I and group II experimental study). 60 Adolescent Girls with Anemia (divided into two groups with 30 samples each) who fulfill the inclusion criteria were selected for the study.Nutritive ball and drumstick leaves extract were administered to Group I and Group II respectively as the interventional method to improve Hemoglobin level. Hemoglobin level measured using Sahli's Hemoglobinometer. Results The results indicates that on comparison of the effectiveness of Nutritive Ball and Drumstick Leaves Extract in improving Hemoglobin Level among Adolescent Girls, both methods are equally effective in improving the hemoglobin level.

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Nutritive ball, Drumstick Leaves Extract, Hemoglobin, Anemia, Adolescent Girls

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Background: The development of a thrombus, or blood clot, in a deep vein is known as deep vein thrombosis(DVT).Thrombophlebitis, another name for clot, is an condition in which vein becomes inflamed. The leg's femoral vein or popliteal vein are frequent affected in DVT. Pulmonary embolism (PE), an major cause of DVT which mainly occur when lungs get affected due to blood clots. Medical emergency can also occur because pulmonary embolism is an life threatening condition. Treatment:-DVT affect the elderly population, with an slight male sex preferences. Clinically symptoms vary based on obstruction and blood vessel wall inflammation and are often asymptomatic. Diagnosis of DVT is based on some popular test. These test are D-dimer test and compression . . Ankle pumps, Knee motion, heel raise, Straight leg raise these are the treatment which were given to the patient for the treatment of DVT. Results: DVT is an clinical condition that carries some risk because it can result in pulmonary embolism, as a result it requires prompt diagnosis and treatment . DVT, consulting a physiotherapist for DVT treatment and prevention is the recommended plan of action if you are prone to the condition. Physical therapists have extensive knowledge of the anatomy and the responses of the body to various stimuli. Being active is the first step in treating DVT. Ankle pumps, Knee motion, heel raise, Straight leg raise these are the treatment which were given to the patient for the treatment of DVT.

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 Keywords

DVT; D-dimer test; Thrombus; Venography; Embolism, Ankle toe , Heel Raise, Knee Motion straight leg raise tech(SLR)

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition