Volume 13 | Issue 6 |

 Abstract

As we know that accurate prediction of patient in Intensive Care Units is vital for optimizing clinical decision-making and resource allocation. Efficient management of Intensive Care Units (ICUs) is critical for optimizing patient outcomes and resource allocation. This study explores the application of machine learning (ML) techniques to predict patient mortality and length of stay (LOS) using ICU patient dataset. By employing algorithms such as Random Forest (RF), Logistic Regression (LR), XGBoost and Bidirectional LSTM, we aim to enhance predictive accuracy over traditional scoring systems like APACHE II. Our findings indicate that ML models, particularly RF and LSTM, outperform conventional methods, offering valuable tools for clinical decision-making and hospital management.

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 Keywords

Machine Learning, ICU, Mortality Prediction, Length of Stay, Random Forest, Bidirectional LSTM., XGBoost.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

With the increase in development of smart cities, the idea of keeping the cities clean is the utmost requirement. The amount of garbage produced is too large and the manual efforts required to process it is very tedious. With evolution of technology in every field, automated ways can be adopted to prevent the piling of the garbage. The waste segregator is designed to provide ease in the disposal of waste that is collected. The system consists of three bins, each one for wet, metal, and dry waste. The conveyer belt system detects the incoming waste and classifies it as metal, dry or wet using different sensors connected to the system and deflects it in the respective bin.

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 Keywords

Dry, wet, metal, sensors, Arduino UNO, Embedded C

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

According to food and agriculture organization (FAO), India's 70% of rural households still depend primarily on agriculture for their livelihood. Nowadays, millions of farmers are quitting farming in search of better opportunities because of agricultural problems like more wages, wastage of seeds during seeding, theft in storage areas, lack of irrigation, more time requirement for every operation, lower yield of crops and so on. In this report documents and presents the results of the work carried out on the ways of designing and developing a prototype of Agri bot that can be helpful to overcome the problems currently faced by a farmer. In the implemented system, HC-06 Bluetooth module is interfaced with Arduino UNO to control the functionality of the robot. The implemented prototype of Agri bot can perform the tasks like ploughing the land, Drilling, sowing the seeds and water sprinkling.

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 Keywords

Seed Sowing, Arduino Uno, HC 05 Bluetooth Module, L298 Motor Driver, DC Motors, Gear Motors.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The interaction between man and nature has always been a topic of exploration. It has shown to be the unbreakable link in the development of successful human civilizations across rivers in a way that is both sustainable and effective at meeting fundamental needs, that has effectively led to the inventions, and advancement of the human races. This is reflected in the arts, crafts, dietary patterns, and attire indicating evidence of ecocentrism being the basis behind evolution of the Bihu festival which is being studied. Circular economy quite often focuses on local production and consumption but this is not a new concept in Indian culture and tradition as evident from various instruments, accessories that are used in Bihu. Finding these connections between traditions and sustainability is the main goal of this paper which includes evidence-based literature methods. In this study, various types of Bihu, its association with farming cycles and its close linkage with nature in terms of celebration, accessories, and musical instruments evolved from locally available material is explored. Literature and ground experience gathered during study suggests that the gatherings are one of the nodal centres for dissemination of information and intergenerational knowledge preservation at rural level. It is thus necessary to include the roots of our IKS well embedded in our day-to-day life into designing new approaches for community developments. From the findings, it can be safely stated that developmental policies recognising the sustainable connections in culture is the need of the hour to comply with international sustainability commitments.

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sustainability, Bihu, culture, Indian Knowledge System

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The extract of the red mud waste prepared in the laboratory is almost equivalent to the lechate leaking from red mud pond of the contaminated site. The red mud waste extract is deadly toxic to the germinating crop seeds in field conditions. Experiments were conducted at sub-lethal concentrations to study the impact of lechate waste on green gram seed biological parameters. Toxicity study indicated that lechate extract is deadly toxic. In petriplate culture experiments the lechate waste is deadly toxic but toxicity depleted when tested in pot culture due to interaction of lechate waste with soil particles. Seed germination and seedling establishment significantly depleted with the increase in lechate concentration when compared to control seedlings. The total chlorophyll, pheophytin and carotene content of green gram plant leaves decreased significantly with the increase in lechate concentration compared to their respective control values after 144hr of germination. The photosynthetic rate, respiration rate and GPP values significantly decreased in the exposed green gram seedlings with the application of lechate compared to control green gram seedlings in petri plate culture. The residual alumina accumulation increased with the increase in toxicant (lechate) concentration in the leaves and roots. Lechate exposed roots accumulated more amount of alumina than the leaves of the exposed seedlings/ plants. The complex bio molecules like DNA, RNA, Protein, FAA content decreased in lechate exposure seedlings compared to control seedlings The photosynthetic rate, respiration rate and gross primary production significantly declined in exposed seedlings compared to control seedlings. Little insignificant increment in the photosynthetic rate was noted at sub-lethal concentration of the lechate. The enzyme activity tested decreased in the exposed green gram seedlings with the application of lechate compared to control green gram seedlings in Petri plate culture. The study on seed biology indicated that the red mud waste dumped by the industry is deadly toxic and if released accidentally even into the environment, will cause environmental havoc. Present study aims at understanding the impact of RM (red mud) RM Waste lechate on the seed germination, seedling establishment, eco-physiological studies, biomolecular studies and enzymological studies of a crop seed germinating under lechate stress.

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 Keywords

Alumina, Lechate, Green Gram, Germination, Pigments, Photosynthetic efficiency, Biomolecules, Enzyme.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In many developing nations, gathering readings from utility meters and identifying unauthorized electricity use is and time-consuming process that demands considerable human resources. Implementing an energy meter reading and monitoring system through the Internet of Things offers an efficient and cost-effective method to wirelessly transmit information about the energy consumed by users. Moreover, it helps in detecting electricity theft. This study focuses on measuring household electricity use and automatically generating bills using IOT and telemetry communication methods. Additionally, it seeks to identify and address energy theft. An Arduino microcontroller is utilized to manage operations with the digital energy meter and to link the system to a WIFI network, subsequently connecting to the Internet and a server. A passive infrared sensor is integrated to detect any unauthorized alterations in the metering system. If such activities are detected, the system will send an alert to the server and can automatically disconnect and reconnect the electricity supply. The proposed system is capable of continuously monitoring energy consumption and notifying both providers and consumers about the amount of power used. Energy consumption is computed automatically, and bills are updated online using an IOT network. This automation can lessen the demand for manual labor significantly.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Internet of Things (IOT), Microcontroller, Electricity theft, AMR

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The role of banks in enabling access to finance for small businesses is central to the broader objective of financial inclusion in India. The paper identifies how factors such as lack of collateral, weak financial literacy, and limited awareness of formal schemes hinder the loan process. Based on a sample of 50 businesses, the findings call for reforms in loan processing, education, and personalized banking. This research paper explores how banks support small business loans in India. Small businesses are vital for economic growth, but they face significant hurdles while seeking financial assistance from banks. A survey of 50 small business owners revealed that collateral demands, limited financial knowledge, and low awareness of government schemes are major barriers. However, strong bank relationships and financial literacy improve loan approval chances. The paper recommends simplifying procedures, promoting government schemes, and offering financial education to empower small businesses. Small businesses contribute to both urban and rural employment in India, making them critical to inclusive economic development. However, the accessibility and suitability of credit systems for these enterprises remain questionable. Understanding the bank's limitations and how to bridge the financial inclusion gap is necessary to empower MSMEs.

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 Keywords

Small Business Loans, Banking Sector, MSMEs, Collateral, MUDRA Scheme, CGTMSE, Financial Literacy, Credit Rationing, Loan Approval.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Purpose - This article aims to project the impact of Artificial Intelligence on Forensic Accounting in the field of education and the magnitude of AI in incorporating Forensic Accounting practices. Design/Methodology/Approach - This article uses Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to provide a comprehensive analysis of literature pertaining to Forensic Accounting. Findings - Educational institutions find it difficult to incorporate Forensic Accounting Course due to expertise gaps and interdisciplinary challenges, while AI enhances fraud detection by analyzing large datasets. Consequently, AI and forensic accounting skills are vital for auditors, and reviews confirm their efficacy in fraud prevention and detection Originality/Value - In accordance with the published literatures it is obvious that numerous studies have been conducted in analyzing the effect of Artificial Intelligence on Forensic Accounting.

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 Keywords

Keywords - Forensic Accounting, Artificial Intelligence, Fraud detection, Fraud prevention.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

We present Solace, a novel web-based platform for mental well-being support that integrates artificial intelligence (AI) for automated screening and personalized assistance. Solace employs a random forest classifier to detect the presence and severity of stress, anxiety, and depression, a rule-based recommender to suggest targeted self-assessment questions, and an NLTK-driven rule-based chatbot using keyword recognition and predefined responses. We report multi-label (presence/absence of each condition) and multi-class (severity levels) performance metrics (accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score) for our model, which demonstrates robust detection capabilities, achieving ?68-72% accuracy for multi-class severity classification (Table I). We discuss privacy safeguards, explainable design (using feature importance analysis), and ethical considerations in AI-driven mental health applications. Our results, along with user feedback, underscore Solace's novelty in combining predictive screening, personalized recommendations, and conversational support. The practical impact lies in scalable, accessible mental health assistance that complements clinical care.

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 Keywords

Mental well-being, artificial intelligence, machine learning, stress, anxiety, depression, chatbot, recommender systems.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The role of feminism in contemporary literature serves as a critical lens through which gender, power, and identity are questioned, redefined, and explored. Feminism, in its various forms, challenges patriarchal structures, offering a platform for marginalized voices and questioning the traditional roles assigned to women in both literature and society. This paper attempts to investigate the dynamic intersection between feminist theory and contemporary literature, examining how modern authors utilize feminist frameworks to depict complex female characters, critique social injustices, and deals with of gender inequality, sexual autonomy, and agency. The line through examination works the of contemporary writers such as Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's Americana, Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale, and Roxane Gay's Bad Feminist, this study will delve into how feminist themes, such as the deconstruction of traditional gender roles, intersectionality, and the empowerment of women, permeate contemporary narratives. Through close readings of these texts, the paper will assess how feminist discourse shapes the representation of women's lived experiences, challenges hegemonic ideals, and provides a space for previously silenced voices, particularly those of women of color, LGBTQ+ individuals, and other marginalized groups. Furthermore, the paper will examine the impact of feminist literature on the broader cultural and social landscape, considering how these works contribute to conversations about gender equality, women's rights, and social justice. It will also explore the ways in which contemporary literature offers a form of resistance to dominant ideologies and provides a platform for both personal and collective empowerment. In addition to exploring the successes of feminist representation in literature, the study will critically engage with the limitations and contradictions that arise within feminist discourse. For instance, while feminist literature often challenges patriarchal norms, it may also inadvertently reinforce certain stereotypes or fail to address the intersectional realities faced by women from diverse backgrounds. By acknowledging these complexities, the paper will argue that feminist literature, it does also come with certain drawbacks or negative consequences, continues to be a transformative force in moulding both the literary canon and the societal discourse around gender, identity, and equality. This paper ultimately seeks to illuminate the profound and ongoing impact of feminism on contemporary literature, highlighting its reevaluating not only in redefining literary traditions but also in inspiring social change and shaping the way we think about gender and power in the modern world.

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 Keywords

Primary Keywords: Feminism Contemporary Literature Gender Inequality Patriarchy Female Agency Feminist Theory Social Justice Intersectionality Empowerment Identity ? Secondary Keywords (supporting concepts and authors): Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Americanah Margaret Atwood The Handmaid's Tale Roxane Gay Bad Feminist Representation of Women LGBTQ+ Literature Marginalized Voices Deconstruction o

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