Volume 13 | Issue 6 |

 Abstract

Abstract- Credit card fraud is a serious risk to financial institutions and consumers, resulting in huge monetary losses globally. Rule-based fraud detection systems often fail to respond effectively to changing fraudulent patterns, making machine learning (ML) a viable alternative. The present work investigates the use of diverse ML algorithms such as Logistic Regression, Decision Trees, Random Forest, Support Vector Machines (SVM), and Neural Networks to identify fraudulent credit card transactions. The research utilizes a real-world dataset with highly imbalanced class distribution, which requires advanced data preprocessing techniques such as Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE) to improve model efficiency. Several evaluation metrics, such as Precision, Recall, F1-score, and the Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (AUC-ROC) curve, are used to measure model efficacy. Experimental outcomes illustrate that ensemble learning methods, specifically Random Forest, perform better than other classifiers in terms of accuracy and fraud detection ability. The results reflect the strengths of ML- based fraud detection systems to detect fraudulent transactions with better precision and avoid false positives. Still, challenges such as interpretability of the model and limitations on real-time detection are topics of future work. This research presents useful findings towards improving fraud detection mechanisms and identifies future work on optimizing ML strategies in financial security.

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 Keywords

Credit Card Fraud Detection, Machine Learning, Imbalanced Data, Fraud Prevention, Financial Security.

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The study analyses the many outcomes of demonetisation for the Indian economy and financial sector which resulted from the government's historic announcement to withdraw INR500 and INR1,000 currency notes on November 8, 2016. The government wanted to tackle black money, lower corruption and make the economy more digital, but what resulted was a wide-ranging complication. Using qualitative and secondary information, this report explores the challenges businesses experience, looks at how people spend and save and notes the quick increase in online payment solutions. It also studies how viable are GDP targets, manage employment, assure the operarness of SMEs and regulate liquidity, bad debts and trust in banks. It is evident from the research that although demonetisation briefly hit non-bank sectors and rural areas, it gave an impetus to changes in the financial system by promoting bank savings and bank accounts for the unserved. The study finishes with proposals for changes in policy to accomplish better monetary interventions using what we have learned from what took place in India. By doing this, we hope to support the wider thinking about reforms to monetary policy in developing economies.

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 Keywords

Demonetisation, Indian Economy, Financial Sector, Digital Payments, Informal Sector, Monetary Policy, Financial Inclusion, Banking System.

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 Abstract

Fast Dissolving Tablets (FDTs) have emerged as a popular dosage form due to their rapid disintegration, enhanced patient compliance, and suitability for pediatric and geriatric populations. A variety of FDTs are available globally across multiple therapeutic categories such as migraine, pain relief, allergies, gastrointestinal disorders, and nutritional supplementation. Leading pharmaceutical companies like GlaxoSmithKline, Eli Lilly, and Merck & Co. market well-known brands such as Zofran ODT, Zyprexa Zydis, and Maxalt-MLT. These tablets are widely distributed in regions including the USA, Europe, India, and Asia-Pacific. With growing demand for ease-of-use medications, the development and market expansion of FDTs continue to thrive, making them a key innovation in modern drug delivery systems.

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 Keywords

Fast Dissolving Tablets, Patient Compliance, Oral Drug Delivery, Therapeutic Categories, Marketed Formulations

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 Abstract

Security and surveillance in hazardous or restricted environments require solutions that minimize human risk while maximizing monitoring capabilities. This project introduces a semi-autonomous Long Range Spy Robot equipped with night vision and remote control functionality using DTMF (Dual Tone Multi Frequency) technology. Powered by a 12V battery and regulated for microcontroller and peripheral operation, the system utilizes an 8051 microcontroller to interpret signals from a DTMF decoder connected to a mobile phone. This enables remote actuation of motors through a motor driver, facilitating controlled movement of the robot. A wireless night vision camera provides real-time video feedback to a remote television receiver, supporting surveillance in low-light or night-time conditions. This robot proves effective for applications in security, military reconnaissance, and remote inspection, offering long-range control without direct line-of-sight and reducing human exposure in risky environments

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 Keywords

Surveillance Robot, DTMF Control, Night Vision, Remote Monitoring, 8051 Microcontroller.

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 Abstract

This research presents a detailed examination of communication practices within various workplace environments in the city of Mysuru, with the objective of identifying existing challenges, evaluating their impact on employee engagement, and proposing actionable strategies to enhance communication effectiveness. The study surveyed 50 employees from diverse functional areas such as human resources, finance, IT, sales, operations, and administration, ensuring a well-rounded perspective on communication across organizational levels. The findings reveal a strong consensus on the fundamental importance of communication in maintaining smooth operations, fostering collaboration, and achieving organizational goals, with 91.7% of participants affirming its critical role. Despite this recognition, 75% of respondents reported encountering significant communication-related challenges at their workplaces. The most common issues included lack of message clarity, frequent misunderstandings, and insufficient feedback mechanisms. These problems not only disrupted workflows but also negatively influenced interpersonal relationships, especially between subordinates and supervisors, with 55% reporting adverse effects on their rapport with management. Moreover, the study uncovered a direct link between poor communication and employee attrition, as 60% indicated that communication failures contributed to their decision to leave or consider leaving a job. Inadequate formal training in communication skills, discomfort with digital communication tools, and dissatisfaction with meeting structures were also cited as major barriers to effective interaction. Remote work environments added further complications, with 50% of respondents stating that the lack of face-to-face interaction and non-verbal cues impeded communication. The overall satisfaction with communication within organizations was moderate, averaging 2.9 on a 5-point scale. These findings point to a pressing need for improvement. Based on the analysis, the study recommends implementing regular communication skills training, developing structured and inclusive feedback systems, enhancing digital literacy, improving managerial communication, and fostering a workplace culture centered around openness, clarity, and collaboration. Ultimately, the study emphasizes that effective communication is not just a soft skill but a strategic asset that significantly influences employee retention, productivity, morale, and the long-term success of an organization. Addressing the identified gaps through deliberate, organization-wide efforts can lead to a more connected, efficient, and resilient workforce.

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Key words: Effective Communication, Workplace Communication, Remote Work Communication, Employee Attrition, Digital Communication Tools, Communication Satisfaction, Workplace Productivity, Organizational Culture

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This study investigates the investment behavior, perceptions, and socio-economic characteristics of stock market investors in Kerala, with a specific focus on the Alappuzha district. Using both primary and secondary data, the study applies a descriptive and analytical research approach. Primary data were collected through structured questionnaires distributed to 50 respondents, while secondary data were sourced from official platforms such as SEBI, NSE, BSE, and RBI. The findings reveal that the majority of investors are female, aged between 25-50 years, and primarily motivated by the potential for high returns and financial independence. Smartphones and social media dominate as investment tools and information sources. Despite growing interest among young investors, equity market participation remains limited due to challenges such as lack of capital, limited knowledge, and fear of risk. The study highlights the need for improved investor education and policy initiatives to encourage greater retail participation in India's equity markets, particularly in financially literate regions like Kerala.

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 Keywords

investment pattern , perception, equity investor

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 Abstract

Artificial Intelligence in Business Analytics: A Decade of Transformation Through a Bibliometric Perspective

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 Keywords

Business Analytics, Predictive Analytics, Prescriptive Analytics, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), Business Intelligence (BI), Cloud Computing.

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 Abstract

Indian Federalism is a topic that is both highly relevant and enduringly interesting to India. It plans to examine how the Central-State and inter-State relations have evolved over the years that the Indian Constitution has been in effect, as well as where they stand today. The fact that the Indian Republic has encountered numerous issues since its founding hardly needs to be emphasized.

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Federalism, Indian Constitution, Indian Parliament.

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The report analyzes the way the automotive industry in India is adapting its marketing strategies due to very quick growth and changing customer interests. An examination of digital trends, brand placement, consumer interactions and current modes of marketing supports the finding that Indian automotive companies are responding to both rising competition and new buying behaviors. Research shows that both digital transformation and localized effort help organizations keep customers loyal and grow in the market. The objective of this paper is to provide suggestions for improving marketing in the vibrant and competitive industry and to spot new areas for future research.

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 Keywords

Automotive industry, marketing strategies, India, digital marketing, consumer behavior, brand positioning, market trends

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 Abstract

The present work had been aimed to put forward the principle of commonality, which is considered by this mean as a common base for the creation of chemical, physical and biological components of the universe. This commonality is in the form of numbers comprising (or combination) of digits one (0.11,1.1, etc.) or their multiples, which were yielded by performing the basic mathematical calculations in a novel way. The idea that creations in the universe were based on this commonality and hence were predetermined, is very much established by this work as its outcomes have striking closeness with the corresponding experimentally established facts. Furthermore, the numerical interrelations were also established on the basis of commonality among various aspects of a particular component of the universe under this study. These lead us to consider that the principle of commonality decides the fate of creations in the universe. The significance of this work is that it forms a strong theoretical background, which could help us to discover "unknown" things like chemical elements beyond the number 118, total number of shells and subshells of an atom; planets and dwarf planets our solar system as well as other planetary systems; and a role of adenosine triphosphate in the evolution of life forms.

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 Keywords

Commonality, mathematical, creation, fate, unknown, established

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition