Volume 13 | Issue 6 |

 Abstract

Nursery production is significantly affected by diseases and pest infestations, which diminish plant health, marketability, and overall yield. This study examines common nursery diseases, such as powdery mildew, botrytis blight, leaf spot, rust, and root rot, as well as prominent pests like aphids, whiteflies, thrips, and mealybugs. These biological threats lead to severe economic losses, making effective management strategies essential. The analysis emphasizes the role of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) as a sustainable and comprehensive approach. By combining cultural, biological, and chemical control methods, IPM effectively reduces pest populations while minimizing environmental impact. The use of biological control agents, such as predatory insects and beneficial microbes, is presented as an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic pesticides. In Kerala, nursery crops are particularly vulnerable to leaf spot, damping-off, and anthracnose, which significantly compromise plant quality. Additionally, pests like the red palm weevil, rhinoceros beetle, and tea mosquito bug cause substantial damage to coconut, areca nut, and other plantation crops, all of which are vital to the region's economy. Managing these pests effectively requires region-specific strategies, including the use of botanical extracts, pheromone traps, and soil solarization. Emerging technologies, such as drone-based pesticide application, AI-powered pest detection, and genetic engineering for disease-resistant plants, have been identified as potential solutions for enhancing nursery productivity. These innovations offer precision and efficiency, reducing chemical usage while improving plant health. Effective disease and pest management in nurseries necessitates a multifaceted approach that integrates traditional techniques with modern innovations. The adoption of IPM strategies and cutting-edge technologies can significantly enhance plant protection, leading to increased productivity and sustainability in the nursery industry.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Integrated Pest Management (IPM), Diseases and pests in nurseries, biological control methods, Nursery management practices, and Sustainable disease management strategies

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The concrete foundation of a building is the part that shoulders the load of the structure and also transfers the weight to the ground, which provides stability, strength, and durability over time. It is a key stage in construction, especially if the soil and groundwater conditions are not the same at all times. The study aims to review the influences of the water table on the strength and durability of the concrete foundation by focusing on water compositions causing the concrete to perform differently. The water samples from the underground of three different locations in Nawabshah, Pakistan, were used for casting the specimens and compared with the reference mix prepared in the laboratory using portable water. All the mechanical properties like compressive, tensile, and flexural strength along with the durability indicators such as density, ultrasonic pulse velocity, and permeability were compared at various curing ages of 7, 14, 28, and 90 days. Results indicated that the quality of water has an immense influence on the behavior of concrete: samples taken from Location 2 strongly matched control performance, whereas those from Location 4 regularly performed below par. Significantly, groundwater sources that were mineral-bearing enhanced strength but occasionally decreased initial strength. Such results emphasize the need to test groundwater properties during foundation design, especially in the case of ground with varying water tables, so that construction would be safe and long-lasting.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Concrete Foundation, Water tables, Cement, Stability

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The objective of this study is to find out the knowledge and interest of students of government and private schools in environmental education. The sample comprised 120 students from the sixth and seventh. By random sampling, 60 students were selected from government and 60 from private schools. A questionnaire was constructed for data collection. Statistical methods used were Mean, S.D. Median, Mode and t-test. No significant difference was found in the knowledge and interest of students of government and private schools

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Environment, Knowledge, interest

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Self-regulation is the ability to control one's behaviour, thoughts and action for the long-term goals and betterment of the society. Media has both great power and responsibilities in its hands so its freedom of expression carries along with it a lot of self-regulation as well. Diversity and difference in opinions is highly desired and welcomed in the media industry. But the ownership and limited media houses had given less chances for the diversity in news. Since the internet and the digital age, the limitation of time and space has come to an end. This has provided ample space to publish news and views of different perspective, beliefs and thoughts. But it has also brought the chances of fake news, misinformation and disinformation. In the print and electronic era, the editors, sub-editors etc. used to select, classify or choose information that they thought were worth to be included in the media. The present paper tries to understand the importance of self-regulation in the digital age.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Digital Media, Gate Keeping, Digital Literacy, Self-Regulation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Coloring foods and drinks can increase the aesthetic appeal, consumer acceptance and financial viability of food products. Color has been added since antiquity to food products, using natural sources of color such as fruits, vegetables and spices as food color additives, as natural food colors have been in use for a long time, prior to regulatory oversight. Today, colors - also known as color additives - are not only required for ornamental qualities in food products but are also required for visual appearance enhancement, for the restoration of color loss associated with food processing, and to affect consumer choices. Colors and color additives can be divided into two general categories, natural and synthetic. Natural food color includes biological sources like Plants (carotenoids, anthocyanins and chlorophyll), Animals (carmine and cochineal insect), and Micro-organisms (biological and fungal pigments). Pigments are complex organic constituents that potentially hold non-food health benefits such as showcasing antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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"Natural Food color V/S Synthetic food color"

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract: Purpose: The Present study was awareness and use of open access resources by research scholars in Sri venkatewara university, A study. The main objectives of this study is to investigate the awareness and use of open access resources, such as purpose of using open access, frequency of using open access resources, problems faced for accessing resources, satisfaction level towards use of open access resources and so on. Methodology: Questionnaire method has been adopted for collecting data from Ph.D Scholars of Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati. 300 questionnaires were distributed to the randomly selected out of 270 responded. findings: Most of the respondent facing slow internet problem for accessing open access resources, regarding university providing to better internet services to research scholars.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Awareness and Use, Open Access Resources, Research Scholars, Sri Venkateswara University

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The water bodies like rivers, lakes, backwaters and estuaries are continuously subjected to human induced changes affecting them adversely. Addition of undesirable substances from various sources into the river water causes alteration in the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of water and leads to conditions which disturb the ecological balance. The pollution of river water results in deleterious effects causing hazards to human health, hindrance to aquatic life. Cremation of dead bodies at river bank is a usual practice which is further deteriorating the quality of river water. The objective of the present study is to analysis the water pollution status of river Ramganga. In the preliminary analysis, the survey of river revealed that there is a common practice of natives regarding the disposal of waste water and toxic wastes in it. The present study carried out in river Ramganga at Aonwla district, India, to assess the extent of pollution by different industrial and domestic activities. The findings showed that pollution caused an extreme change in chemical quality and physical properties of Ramganga River. The pollution level of River Ramganga was evaluated by collecting and analyzing the water sample from different places (stretch of about 70-75 km) with a View to study the physical, chemical and biological characteristics and to investigate the factors responsible for causing pollution. The study can also help in formulating remedial measures.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Pollution, physico-chemical analysis, water, Ramganga, water quality.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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problem of waste management in urban areas. Effective waste management is essential for maintaining a clean environment and reducing pollution. Traditional waste segregation methods are inefficient and require significant human intervention. This project presents an automated system for segregating dry and wet garbage using ESP32, along with real-time monitoring of bin levels through a GSM module. The system utilizes a rain sensor to detect moisture in the waste, classifying it as either wet or dry. Based on this classification, a servo motor directs the waste to its respective compartment. An ultrasonic sensor monitors the garbage bin's fill level, and when the bin is nearly full, the system triggers a buzzer and sends an SMS alert via a GSM module to notify the user. The primary goal of this project is to automate waste segregation and improve waste disposal efficiency by minimizing human involvement. This IoT-based solution is low-cost, scalable, and can be integrated into smart city initiatives to enhance urban waste management. The system is designed to be simple and adaptable, providing real-time updates, ensuring timely bin emptying, and reducing environmental impact through efficient waste recycling. Overall, this system offers an innovative approach to tackling the growing

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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SMARTBIN, GSM module, ESP32 microcontroller, Ultrasonic sensor

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Sentiment analysis is the computational process of identifying and categorizing opinions expressed in text to determine whether the writer's attitude is positive, negative, or neutral. As a key component of Natural Language Processing (NLP), sentiment analysis plays a vital role in understanding public opinion, especially across social media platforms, product reviews, and customer feedback. While traditional machine learning models like Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machines (SVM), and Random Forests have been widely used for sentiment classification, they face limitations in capturing contextual and semantic nuances. Recent advancements in deep learning, particularly in architectures such as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks have significantly improved the performance and accuracy of sentiment analysis tasks. This study presents a comparative analysis of both traditional and deep learning techniques on the Amazon Fine Food Reviews dataset, evaluating their effectiveness in sentiment classification across full documents, individual sentences, and aspect-based (topic-specific) sentiments.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Machine Learning, Deep Learning, LSTM, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, LSTM, Sentiment Analysis.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Skin aging is complex biological process influenced by a combination of endogenous or intrinsic and exogenous or extrinsic factors (chronic light exposure ,pollution ionizing radiation ,chemical toxins) .

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF HERBAL ANTI-AGING CREAM BY SWEET POTATO

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition