Volume 13 | Issue 6 |

 Abstract

Infertility is an escalating global health concern, affecting approximately one in six individuals of reproductive age, with a prevalence rate of 18.7 per 1,000 women. Defined as the inability to conceive after one year of unprotected intercourse, infertility arises from multiple causes including hormonal imbalances, lifestyle factors, ovulatory disorders, and medical conditions. One of the leading contributors to female infertility is Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), a hormonal disorder affecting 6-13% of women of reproductive age, with up to 70% remaining undiagnosed. PCOS often results in anovulation and is strongly linked to infertility. In recent years, holistic and alternative approaches like Ayurveda have gained prominence in addressing infertility. One such Ayurvedic-inspired practice is seed cycling--a dietary regimen that aligns the consumption of specific seeds to help balance estrogen and progesterone levels. In Ayurvedic terms, infertility is equated with Vandhyatwa, as described by Acharya Harita. The seeds used to treat PCOD-related infertility have Bruhan (nourishing), Vrushya (aphrodisiac), and Vata-Kapha balancing properties. This helps to address the causes of PCOD and infertility and improve overall women health.

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 Keywords

Ayurveda, Beeja, Holistic Medicine, Hormonal Imbalance, Infertility, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), Seed Cycling, Vandhyatwa, Women's Health.

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Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have emerged as a critical technology in diverse domains such as environmental monitoring, industrial automation, military surveillance, and smart cities. However, the open and resource-constrained nature of WSNs makes them highly vulnerable to security threats and hazardous conditions. This study presents an inclusive investigation of contemporary security protocols aimed at hazard prevention in WSNs. The research explores various modern cryptographic mechanisms, intrusion detection systems, secure routing protocols, and trust-based models that have been developed to counteract internal and external attacks. Furthermore, it analyzes the trade-offs between energy efficiency, latency, and security performance. The investigation provides a comparative evaluation of the protocols, highlighting their strengths, limitations, and suitability for different deployment scenarios. The paper concludes by identifying current research gaps and suggesting future directions for developing adaptive and lightweight security solutions that ensure the reliability and safety of WSNs in hostile and dynamic environments.

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 Keywords

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), Security Protocols, Hazard Prevention, Cryptography, Intrusion Detection, Secure Routing, Trust Models, Network Vulnerabilities, Energy Efficiency, Adaptive Security

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 Abstract

Introduction: One of the common injuries that is fractures of the talus with an incidence of 0.1-0.85% of all fractures. Due to the unique shape and location of the talus, significant stress is often required to fracture the neck of the talus. The exact mechanism may be either from a hyper dorsiflexion force from an axial load on the forefoot while the talus is fixed between the calcaneus and tibia. Because of the high degree of energy required to fracture the neck of the talus, most talar fractures are displaced and, if not anatomically reduced, can be associated with serious complications such as hindfoot deformity, arthritis, or AVN. To treat talus fracture patient non pharmacologically MWM with MET and conventional therapy can help manage these non-pharmacologically. Aim: The aim of the study is to find the effect of addition of MWM with MET on ROM and function in patient with history of talus fracture after 21 of intervention. Many patients with talar neck fractures are polytraumatized, and therefore it is important to adequately evaluate the patient according to Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) protocols and rule out associated injuries. Design: Single subject case study Method and procedure: The method used in this study is effect of MWM with MET on range of motion and function in patient with post-operative talus fracture. Surgery comminated fracture of left talus and avulsion fracture of ACL. A formal informed consent was taken from the patient VAS Score and Ankle dorsiflexion was taken on day 0 and day 21. The pre and post outcome measures was compared to evaluate the significance of the study. Result: Results show improvement in in pain score and ankle dorsiflexion range of motion after 21 days of intervention. Conclusion: This case study concludes that there is effect of MWM with MET on ROM and function in patient with history of talus fracture.

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 Keywords

Talus fracture, muscle energy technique and range of motion.

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Agriculture is one of the most important occupations in most of the states in India. Sivasagar district of Assam also holds agriculture practices as one of the main economic activities. This study explores the crop combination patterns in the Sivasagar district of Assam by applying two quantitative agricultural techniques for measuring crop combination. Weaver's and Rafiullah's quantitative methods were used in this study. The research identifies and classifies cropping patterns to understand the region's agricultural diversity. The findings highlight the dominant and associated crops. The study contributes to agricultural geography and can assist planners and policy makers in optimizing land use and crop planning in the region.

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Crop combination, minimum deviation method, maximum positive deviation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract: In the context of a dynamic and globalized economy, consumer awareness and rational behavior are essential for ensuring fair trade and safeguarding consumer interests. Despite advancements in economic development, many consumers continue to face exploitation through unfair practices such as adulteration, misleading advertisements, and substandard goods. This study explores the level of consumer rationality, awareness, and perception of the Consumer Protection Act among commerce graduates in Palakkad district. It examines their behavior during pre- and post-purchase phases, their experience with exercising consumer rights and responsibilities, and the challenges they face in complying with consumer protection mechanisms. Primary data were collected from 60 commerce graduates using a structured interview schedule, and the results were analyzed using statistical tools such as MANOVA, OWA, Friedman Test, and TWA. Findings reveal that while many consumers possess basic awareness of their rights, there is a gap in their practical application due to complexities in legal procedures, lack of time, and limited knowledge. The study recommends enhancing awareness through targeted educational programs, simplifying complaint procedures, and promoting digital platforms for consumer grievance redressal.

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Key words: Consumer Protection Act, Consumer Rights, Rational Buying Behaviour, Consumer Awareness, Pre- and Post-Purchase Behavior, Consumer Responsibilities

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Blockchain technology has emerged as a disruptive innovation in the financial services sector with improved security, lower cost of transactions, and new business models. Through decentralized, transparent, and tamper-proof transactions, blockchain has the capability to transform banking, payments, trading of securities, and asset management sectors. This essay delves into blockchain's revolutionary and transformative power in the financial system, with a view to diminishing intermediaries, simplifying processes, and increasing trust. Examples like cross-border payments, decentralized finance (DeFi), and smart contracts show blockchain's potential in enhancing efficiency as well as transparency. Challenges like scalability, regulatory unpredictability, and integration with traditional systems remain major obstacles towards broad-scale adoption. The article determines if blockchain is disrupting established financial paradigms or whether it will be a complementary technology for transformation. In tackling such challenges and opportunities, the article presents an equilibrium analysis of the role that blockchain plays in reshaping the future of financial services.

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Blockchain technology, financial services, decentralized finance (DeFi), smart contracts, transaction costs, regulatory challenges, scalability, disruptive innovation, transformation, financial ecosystem

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Water and sanitation service infrastructure and personal hygiene behaviours are potentially important determinants of health. Poor sanitation is one among the reasons for high Infant mortality rate (IMR) in India. The inadequate water and sanitation infrastructure and service delivery and unsafe behavior are collective responsible for high diarrhea incidence especially in children. Sanitation is a composite and comprehensive expression covering personal hygiene, domestic cleanliness, favorable environmental condition, safe disposal of waste water and solid waste. Safe drinking water supply and sanitation facilities are a basic need to life and a crucial input in achieving the health of "Health for all". The Ninth five year plan emphasizes on safe drinking water and sanitation as a primary responsibilities of the state through financial and technological inputs under the centrally sponsored schemes. The present paper mainly focuses on the level of awareness of women on safe water supply, hygiene and sanitation aspects.

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Water, sanitation, community, health, solid waste, households.

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India's Criminal Justice system has undergone tremendous changes over a period of time going from ancient period till date. The colonial period IPC for India was a remarkable piece of law for its time.The IPC's core stayed the same despite numerous changes over the yearsand many of its portion became outdated due to various developments over a period of time such as rapidly evolving society, new types of crime, and technological breakthroughs. There are several sections in IPC which penalised for acts that have become redundant, while new crimes such as cybercrime and organized terrorism, were added in IPC. Some of the sections of the IPC overlapped with other laws, leading to confusion and inefficiencies in law enforcement. Despite criticisms of its colonial roots and alleged deficiencies in handling contemporary concerns, the IPC has remained the cornerstone of Indian criminal law. The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023 is a new law to transform the colonial Indian Penal Code and address various challenges due to advancement in technology, change in perception of crimes, judgments of the Supreme Courts legalizing certain offences in IPC and ineffective punishments in existing IPC. Some of the offences are repealed and some new offences find place in BNS. The reforms specifically target serious offenses such as terrorism, corruption, mob lynching, and organized crime, while also abolishing the contentious sedition law that has often been wielded to stifle dissent and infringe on civil liberties. The legislation places a strong emphasis on victim support, providing comprehensive compensation and rehabilitation services to those affected by crime. It also aims for the protection vulnerable groups such as women, children, transgender and ensuring their rights are upheld within the justice system.

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 Keywords

Indian criminal justice system, The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023, Indian Penal Code 1860, Mob lynching, Community services

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 Abstract

Yoga is the most ancient knowledge of India. This pious tradition of yoga is also mentioned in the Mahabharata, Bhagita Purana, Vishnu Purana, Brahma Purana, Yagyilkyasmrit and Yogishisht etc.

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Yoga asanas and pratisanas

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Mevad Ki mudra Me Rajvanshi Pratik Aur Unki Sathaa Abhivyakti

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Mevad Ki mudra Me Rajvanshi Pratik Aur Unki Sathaa Abhivyakti

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition