Volume 13 | Issue 6 |

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mPp ek/;fed] Nk=] funsZ'ku lEcU/kh vko';drkvksa] xzkeh.k] vkSj 'kgjh {ks=A

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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mPp ek/;fed] fo|kFkhZ] vkdka{kk Lrj] xzkeh.k] vkSj 'kgjh {ks=A

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract: Prior to the advent of colonial rule, elephants played a significant role in Khasi-Jaintia society. The domestication of elephants was widely practiced, not only due to their economic utility but also because of their cultural and symbolic significance. As the Khasi-Jaintias did not have a written script, the techniques of elephant catching were transmitted orally from one generation to the next-- a tradition that continues to this day. However, the onset of colonial rule provides us with vibrant documentation of the processes, techniques, and forest areas where elephant herds were most commonly found. The enactment of the Elephant Preservation Act (Act VI of 1879) introduced scientific methods for capturing elephants. This Act not only contributed to the preservation of elephant populations but also played a role in conserving the flora and fauna of the hills and plains of Assam. By the early 1910s, however, elephant catching in the hills began to decline, as herds gradually migrated towards the Garo Hills, the plains of Sylhet, and the regions of Nowgong and Goalpara.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Keywords: Khasi-Jaintia, Khedda, Mahal, elephants, Sylhet, catching

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Human trafficking remains one of the most persistent and inhumane violations of basic human rights in India. This exploitative practice spans forced labour, sexual slavery, and illicit organ trade, targeting the most vulnerable segments of society under the guise of poverty, gender disparities, and systemic inefficiencies. Despite the presence of multiple legal safeguards--including the Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act, 1956 (ITPA) , Indian Penal Code, 1860 (IPC), and several child welfare statutes--India continues to face formidable obstacles in effective enforcement, victim assistance, and long-term rehabilitation. This research delves into the prevailing scenario of human trafficking in India, assessing the strengths and shortcomings of the existing legal instruments while investigating the social and economic realities that enable trafficking networks to thrive. It exposes the disconnect between legislative intent and ground-level implementation, bringing to light issues such as corruption, lack of training, poor inter-agency coordination, and insufficient digital literacy. Furthermore, the paper underscores the inefficacy of current rehabilitation models, which often overlook psychological recovery and socio-economic reintegration of survivors. Emphasizing that laws alone are not enough, the study advocates a comprehensive and survivor-oriented response, involving stronger community engagement, capacity building, and policy coherence. Drawing insights from judicial pronouncements, governmental findings, and NGO experiences, this paper presents actionable recommendations aimed at building a robust and empathetic anti-trafficking framework. It ultimately argues for an integrated response involving the state, civil society, and communities to truly dismantle the invisible chains of human trafficking.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Keywords: Human Trafficking, Forced Labour, Sexual Exploitation, Organ Trade, ITPA, IPC, Victim Rehabilitation, Law Enforcement, Gender Disparities, Survivor-Centric Approach.

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The proliferation of electronic commerce platforms has necessitated sophisticated architectural frameworks capable of managing diverse user roles and operational requirements. This paper presents a comprehensive review of multi-panel e-commerce systems, focusing on three-tier architectures that segregate administrative, operational, and customer-facing functionalities. Through systematic analysis of existing literature and implementation strategies, we examine the evolution from traditional single-panel systems to contemporary multi-user environments. Our investigation reveals significant advantages in role-based access control, operational efficiency, and scalability when implementing segregated panel architectures. The study synthesizes findings from 18 peer-reviewed sources spanning 2000-2016, identifying key design patterns, security frameworks, and performance optimization techniques. Results indicate that multi-panel architectures demonstrate superior user experience metrics, enhanced security protocols, and improved operational workflow management compared to conventional approaches. This research contributes to the understanding of contemporary e-commerce system design by providing a structured framework for implementing role-differentiated platforms in specialized retail environments

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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E-commerce architecture, Multi-panel systems, Role-based access control, Three-tier design, User interface segregation, Performance optimization, Security frameworks

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Partnerships between schools and Teacher Education Institutions (TEIs) play a crucial role in improving the quality of secondary education by bridging the gap between theory and practice. These collaborations ensure that teacher training programs produce well-prepared educators who can effectively handle the complexities of modern classrooms. According to Darling Hammond (2017), a strong connection between theoretical knowledge and real-world classroom practice is essential in fostering highly skilled teachers. This article explores the significance, benefits, challenges, and strategies associated with such partnerships. The primary objective includes enhancing teacher preparation (Zeichner, 2010), fostering professional development (Kennedy, 2016), encouraging collaborative research (Burn & Mutton, 2015), and improving student learning outcomes (Grossman, Hammerness, & McDonald, 2009). By integrating hands-on teaching experiences, mentorship programs, and research-based methodologies, these partnerships create a robust teacher training system. However, challenges such as communication gaps, resource constraints, and resistance to change must be addressed to maximize the effectiveness of these collaborations (NCTQ, 2016). This article highlights the importance of clear frameworks, continuous feedback, and sustained institutional commitment to ensure long-term success. Strengthening school-TEI partnerships is essential for building a more innovative, responsive, and high-quality secondary education system (OECD, 2019).

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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School-TEI Partnerships, Teacher Education Institutions (TEIs), Secondary Education, Teacher Preparation, Professional Development, Collaborative Research, Student Learning Outcomes, Theory-Practice Integration, Hands-on Teaching, Mentorship Programs, Educational Quality, Communication Gaps, Resource Constraints, Resistance to Change

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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India is a multilingual country. It is home to two of the world's largest language families, the Indo-Aryan and Dravidian. The languages of the Austro-Asiatic and Tibeto-Burman language families are also spoken in India, though relatively by few people as compared to the speakers of the former two families. Hindi is a New Indo-Aryan language spoken in the North of India by almost 550 million people. According to the 2011 census, 43.63 percent of Indians speak Hindi (it their mother tongue). It is written in the Devanagri script and is the official language of the government of India. English is designated as the associate official language. However, the country is linguistically diverse with 12 scripts and 22 different languages considered as official. Hindi is spoken in North India namely Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh and the National Capital Territory of Delhi. These multitude of languages reflect India's culture and diverse history. During the last thousand years, the Indian sub-continent has been both fragmented into many small kingdoms and united under various empires. This has helped spread many common linguistic features, among Indian languages without allowing any particular language to become overwhelmingly dominant. Having attained independence from the British in 1947, Indian leaders chose Hindi as the official language of India in the hope that it would facilitate regional communication and encourage national unity. They were aware of many of the difficulties inherent with instating a single language in India's multilingual environment, and they accordingly laid out a clear timeline and plan for introducing Hindi and phasing English out. Despite this planning, Hindi and English today still share their status as official Languages.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Keywords: Indo-Aryan, official language, Hindustani, information technology, diaspora, translation and interpretation, machine translation systems, mass media.

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The native South Asian plant Moringa oleifera has recently garnered significant attention due to its numerous health benefits. This comprehensive review aims to summarize the therapeutic potential of Moringa oleifera leaves, focusing on their pharmacological properties and health advantages. The paper addresses various topics, including the phytochemical composition, as well as the anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anticancer, and hepatoprotective effects of Moringa oleifera leaves. Additionally, it explores the potential mechanisms of action that may underline these benefits. The review also examines the safety profile and possible adverse effects associated with the consumption of Moringa oleifera leaves. Overall, this analysis provides valuable insights into the therapeutic properties of Moringa oleifera leaves and highlights their potential applications in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of various diseases.

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Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Anti-microbial, Hepatoprotective, Anti-epileptic, Anti-fertility, Seizures, Neurotransmitter, Neurological disorder, Epilepsy, Convulsion

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The project is design to build an obstacle avoidance robotic vehicle using ultrasonic sensors for its movement. A microcontroller (ATmega328) is used to achieve the desired operation. A robot is a machine that can perform task automatically or with guidance. The project proposes robotic vehicle that has an intelligence built in it such that it directs itself whenever an obstacle comes in its path. This robotic vehicle is built, using a micro-controller of AT mega 328 family.An ultrasonic sensor is used to detect any obstacle ahead of it and sends command to the micro-controller. Depending on the input signal received, themicro-controller redirects the robot to move in an alternate direction by actuating the motors which are interfaced to it through a motor driver. Some of the project is built with the IR sensors has its own application so in our project those application is not compactable so we are using ultrasonic sensor.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Arduino UNO, Bluetooth module, microcontroller(ATmega328),ultrasonic sensor, motor driver

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract:This essay rereads Zeenuth Futehally's Zohra (1951), an early Indian English novel by a Muslim writer, to restore its position as a postcolonial and feminist novel rendered peripheral in Indian English literary history. Written in semi-autobiographical mode, it shows the everyday lives of upper-class Muslim women torn between patriarchal repression and academic ambition. In the literary stage, Zohra's absence is based on systemized gender-, region-, and religion-based biases. By employing postcolonial feminist theory and canon controversy, in the opinion of this research, Zohra should take her rightful place within scholarly discourse. Through close reading of the novel, historical contextualization, and reception study, this essay attempts to reclaim Zohra as a worthy contribution to feminist and postcolonial fiction, thus arguing for a more universal Indian English canon

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: Zeenuth Futehally, Zohra, Indian English literature, postcolonial feminism, canon formation, Muslim women writers, Hyderabad, marginalized voices.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition