Volume 13 | Issue 6 |

 Abstract

it is not easy to read textual information in scanned images when the font style or the writing script is different a lot of work has been done on English text though Indian scripts have not been given much attention one of the most common is Devanagari used in Hindi Sanskrit Marathi and Kashmiri in the recent past scholars have been engaged in attempting to decode Devanagari letters the contribution of the present study is that it compares the four data-driven models namely Multi-layer Perceptron k-nearest neighbors support vector machine and random forest with two feature selection methods deep Convolutional model and histogram of oriented gradients the comparison will help in future research in getting better accuracy in recognition of scanned text in Indian languages

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 Keywords

Keywords- Structural recognition, Image-based text extraction, Method comparison, Artificial neural network, KNN classifier, SVM algorithm, Image gradient histogram.

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Raktapradar, a term from Ayurvedic literature, corresponds closely to Menorrhagia in modern medical science. Both refer to excessive and/or prolonged uterine bleeding during menstruation. While modern medicine primarily attributes this to hormonal imbalances, uterine pathologies, or systemic diseases, Ayurveda views it as a result of vitiated Doshas, especially Pitta and Rakta. This review explores the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of Raktapradar/Menorrhagia from both Ayurvedic and modern medical perspectives.

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Comparative Review Article on Raktapradar (Menorrhagia) in Ayurveda and Modern Medicine

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This study investigates the information-seeking behavior and literacy competence of faculty members and research scholars at Jiwaji University. Using a structured questionnaire, data were collected from 120 participants, including 40 faculty and 80 research scholars. The study explored participants' demographic profiles, information needs, preferred information sources, search strategies, literacy skills, challenges faced, and suggestions for improvement. Findings revealed that research was the primary purpose for seeking information, with e-journals, online databases, and search engines being the most frequently used resources. Although respondents demonstrated moderate confidence in using search tools, significant gaps were observed in citation knowledge and evaluation of online information. Notably, 75% of respondents reported no formal training in information literacy. Major challenges identified included lack of time, inadequate resources, difficulty in searching, and insufficient training. The study recommends enhancing information literacy programs, expanding access to electronic resources, improving library services, and promoting greater awareness of available tools. These measures are essential to strengthen the academic and research capabilities of the university community and improve overall information competence.

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 Keywords

Information-seeking behavior, Information literacy, Research scholars, Faculty members, Electronic resources, Academic libraries

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Mental health is a crucial and very important aspect yet frequently overlooked, especially among adolescents from low socio- economic backgrounds. This study explores the level of mental health awareness among adolescents living in Dr. Santhosh Nagar, Chennai, Tamil Nadu. It focuses on their knowledge, attitudes, stigma, and beliefs. With adolescence being an important time for emotional development. The research aims to assess awareness levels, identify misconceptions and understand the influence of social, cultural and political factors. The study is conducted using a descriptive research design and non - random convenience sampling. The study surveyed 60 respondents by a structured questionnaire. Findings highlight a mixed response. Majority of respondents recognize the importance of social relationships and mental health; significant stigma and misconceptions still persist. Many respondents relate mental health issues with past karma or punishment and conveys hesitation in approaching professional for help. Also, majority of adolescents are comfortable sharing about issues with peers then professionals or family members. The research emphasizes the immediate need for targeted mental health awareness and culturally sensitive interventions at grassroot levels. The community based - interventions are needed to improve the mental health literacy and reducing stigma. It is necessary to strengthen school - based programmes, increasing availability and accessibility of mental health facilities like hospitals and counselling centres. Tackling stigma through providing education and awareness is one of crucial steps towards creating a supportive environment for adolescents' mental health. Overall, the study identifies gaps in knowledge, prevailing misconceptions and provides insights for educators and policy makers.

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Mental health, Adolescents, Low socio- economic backgrounds, Stigma and Community based - interventions

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The pharmaceutical industry mandates strict hygiene and sterilization practices, particularly in cleanroom laundry environments. Manual processes for validating wash formulas often fall short in ensuring consistency, regulatory compliance, and safety. This paper presents the design and implementation of an IoT-based chemo-thermal disinfection monitoring system for pharmaceutical laundry operations. The system employs industrial-grade pH and temperature sensors connected via RS485 Modbus to an ESP32 microcontroller. Data is processed and transmitted to a cloud server using MQTT, allowing real-time monitoring through the Blynk platform. The system includes a water circulation mechanism to ensure accurate sampling and has been rigorously tested under harsh environmental conditions. Results demonstrate significant improvements in measurement accuracy, process transparency, and operational efficiency. This approach exemplifies the convergence of Industry 4.0 and hygiene-critical operations, providing a scalable model for smart industrial laundry automation

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 Keywords

Pharmaceutical Laundry, Cleanroom Hygiene, Chemo-Thermal, Disinfection, IoT Monitoring System, Industrial IoT (IIoT), RS485 Modbus, Communication, ESP32 Microcontroller, pH and Temperature Monitoring

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The modern age is the age of technology. Every industry is greatly affected due to technological equipment's like artificial intelligence, machine learning, internet of things and likewise. the physical form of industries is now transforming to its virtual counterparts for fulfilling the needs of the customers. Banking industry is no different. There has been a revolutionary change in the core banking activities as a result of introduction of the Industrial policy 5.0. this paper is an attempt to study these revolutionary changes and how it has affected the banking industry.

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Industry Policy 5.0: A Breakthrough Novelty Towards Core Banking

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M&As in the banking industry have become a popular way to improve service innovation, capital adequacy, and competitiveness. Through enhanced customer experiences, financial stability, product diversification, and technological integration, these mergers create innovation. This study examines the new aspects that mergers have brought to the banking industry and examines how they affect risk management, customer service, financial innovation, and organizational performance. The research investigates how M&As provide strategic advantages in a changing financial environment and influence the future course of banking by using case studies from countless worldwide and Indian bank mergers.

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Novelty in Banking brought by Mergers

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Topological indices and graph labelling are essential tools in mathematical chemistry and graph theory, providing valuable insights into the structure and properties of molecular graphs and complex networks. In this paper, we explore the computation of Graceful Lebelling, Radio Geometric Mean, and Radio Harmonic Mean indices for prominent graph families, including butterfly graphs, complete bipartite graphs, and Friendship graphs.

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Radio harmonic mean, radio geometric mean, butterfly graph, friendship graph, complete bipartite graph

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Gajendrakumar Mitra's short story Ekti Galpa (trans. A Story) (1954), translated from Bengali to English as The Family Retainer (2006) by Aruna Chakravarti, follows the tragic life of a subordinated man who gets degraded and exploited by his own family. It explores multiple aspects of the gendered positioning of an average Indian man juggling his identity and existence between ideal masculinity, male honour, pride, privilege, and oppression. The article examines the major male characters in the story, including Haran, his neighbour, Rai Bahadur, and Bhupati Babu (Bahadur's second son-in-law), using Connell's concept of 'Hegemonic Masculinity', to decipher the categorisations and subjugations within male communities that create constant hierarchical structuring of male gender. Drawing upon Mimi Scippers' idea of 'Hegemonic Femininity', the article addresses the serious issue of female-on-male domination that is often trivialised or sidelined, through the prominent female characters of the story, Rai Bahadur's wife and Rajbala.

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 Keywords

Subjugated Masculinities, Hegemonic Masculinity, Hegemonic Femininity, Indian men, Bengali Literature

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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A reservoir operating policy is a sequence of release decisions in operational periods (such as months), specified as a function of the stage of the system. The state of the system in a period is generally defined by the reservoir storage at the beginning of a period and the inflow to the reservoir during the period. These reservoir release decisions are to be integrated with irrigation scheduling to obtain the best possible yields considering the crop yield response to water deficits. In the present study, an optimal reservoir operation model integrating the reservoir releases to irrigation scheduling is developed by linear programming. The objective of the model is to minimize the reduction in yield of crops due to water deficits subject to constraints on storage, release, and mass balance of the reservoir. The decision variables are monthly releases to each crop grown under the project in a year. The model developed is applied to a case study of the Gundlakamma reservoir located in the Prakasam district of Andhra Pradesh, India. Inflows into the reservoir are obtained from the Thammavaram CWC station, and gross irrigation requirements of all crops grown under the left and right canals are determined. 75% dependable inflows are considered while deriving the optimal reservoir operating policy.

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 Keywords

Reservoir operating policy, Irrigation scheduling, Gundlakamma Reservoir, Minimize the reduction in yield of crops due to water deficits.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition