Volume 13 | Issue 6 |

 Abstract

Finding out how different thermal differentiation orientation patterns affect occupant comfort is the aim of this study. Thermal differentiation is the process of arranging building surfaces or areas, such as space adjacent in the courtyard and veranda, to regulate heat flow. We looked at a variety of orientation patterns, or how these surfaces are oriented in different directions, like north, south, east, or west. We looked at how each pattern affected thermal comfort in a variety of weather conditions, such as dry, humid, cool, and warm. According to our findings, occupant comfort is significantly impacted by specific orientation patterns. While some patterns function better in colder climates, others help keep areas cool in hot weather. For instance, to make rooms cooler in the summer, they can be oriented to block out direct sunlight. However, by letting more sunlight in throughout the winter, certain designs naturally increase the warmth inside buildings. The findings indicate that choosing the right orientation pattern can greatly improve a building's comfort. They can also save energy by lowering the need for air conditioning or heating. This study highlights how important it is to consider thermal differences when building structures. Engineers and architects can use these insights to design more livable and energy-efficient spaces. This study provides useful information that can guide future building designs as climate conditions change and energy efficiency gains importance. By understanding how different patterns work in different climates, designers can create more comfortable and sustainable homes.

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 Keywords

Thermal comfort, Orientation, Open space, Sustainability, Architecture.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This paper introduces the novel concept of Quin-Terranean fuzzy soft Continity building notion of quin -Terranean fuzzy soft topological spaces and also the concept of continuity.Various characterizations,Definitions and basic properties of the Quin-Terraneafuzzysoftinterior,Quin-Terraneanfuzzysoftclosure,Quin- Terranean fuzzy soft image and pre-image, and Quin-Terranean fuzzy soft continuity are studied. The concept of Quin - Terranean fuzzy soft continuous mapping are studied.

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 Keywords

Quin-Terranean Fuzzy Soft Set, Quin-Terranean Fuzzy Soft Topological Space, Quin-Terranean Fuzzy Soft Interior, Quin-Terranean Fuzzy Soft Closure, Quin- Terranean Fuzzy Soft Mapping, Quin-Terranean Fuzzy Soft Continuity.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This paper delves into the preservation of the Haveli Dhrupad tradition in West Bengal, focusing on Sangeet Acharya Uday Bhushan Bhattacharya's legacy. Unlike the Bishnupur style, the Haveli tradition thrived under figures like Ganga Narayan Chatterjee and was upheld through a dedicated lineage, culminating in Bhattacharya's contributions. The study traces the tradition's origins, evolution of the four major Dhrupad "Banis," and leading exponents' roles in its stylistic identity. It highlights Bhattacharya's impact as both vocalist and composer at Rabindra Bharati University and his documented repertoire. By examining compositions and their notations, the paper emphasizes oral transmission, documentation, and innovation to sustain the Haveli Dhrupad tradition, affirming its cultural significance within Bengal's musical landscape.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Dhrupad, Gharana ,Bani, Bandish.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Herbal soap is a natural soap that is often made using herbs and plant-based ingredients. The use of herbal soap provides various benefits, such as healing the skin, natural fragrance, and smoothing; it is made using natural ingredients that do not harm the environment and is biodegradable. Herbal soaps, formulated with plant-based extracts and essential oils, have gained significant attention due to their natural, eco-friendly, and therapeutic properties. This study aims to review the formulation, benefits, and effectiveness of herbal soaps in comparison to conventional synthetic soaps. The atmosphere may cause chemical infection and damage to the skin, cosmetics alone are not sufficient to take care of the skin. Herbal soap is made using natural ingredients, primarily plant-based extracts, essential oils, and natural colorants, which offer therapeutic and skin-nourishing benefits. Herbal soap ingredients use tulsi, turmeric, bay leaf and turmeric shows anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties and tulsi shows anti-viral.

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 Keywords

TULASI, HERBAL,SOAP.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Freshwater algae play a crucial role in aquatic ecosystems, and Gujarat's diverse water bodies harbor a rich algal flora. This study aims to investigate the taxonomy, ecology, and environmental implications of freshwater algae in Gujarat. The freshwater algae of Gujarat represent a significant ecological component within aquatic ecosystems, contributing to biodiversity, nutrient cycling, and water quality. These algae are not only pivotal in maintaining ecological balance but also serve as indicators of environmental health, reflecting the impacts of pollution and habitat changes. Their diverse taxonomy includes various classes, predominantly the Chlorophyceae, which has been extensively documented in multiple studies across different regions, highlighting their ecological roles and dominance in freshwater habitats throughout India, including Gujarat. Notably, the ecological significance of freshwater algae extends beyond their roles in nutrient dynamics; they also form crucial habitats for various aquatic organisms and are integral in bioremediation efforts. As urbanization and industrial activities lead to increased water pollution, the potential of algae to absorb pollutants such as heavy metals and organic contaminants has garnered attention as a sustainable solution for environmental restoration. This ability not only aids in water purification but also plays a vital role in soil health and air quality improvement, showcasing the multifaceted benefits of algal systems. Research has indicated that the presence of diverse algal communities is essential for ecosystem stability; however, the proliferation of harmful algal blooms due to excessive nutrient loading presents a significant environmental challenge. These blooms can adversely affect aquatic life and water quality, underscoring the need for careful management of freshwater resources.

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 Keywords

Taxonomy, Ecology, Environmental implications, Freshwater algae, Gujarat, Phycology, Eutrophication. Conservation, Aquatic ecosystems, green algae, diatoms, Chlorella, Ecological indicators, Water pollution, Biodiversity.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This research paper investigates the integration of user behavior and time-based program analysis into architectural design pedagogy through a participatory observational framework. Conducted within an academic design studio, architecture students undertook real-time activity mapping across three spatial typologies: a single-family house, a 5BHK bungalow, and a multi-storey girls' orphanage. Spatial overlays and heat maps derived from user movement data highlighted circulation conflicts, multifunctional overlaps, gender-based patterns, and underutilized zones. Through thematic analysis and correlation matrices, the study established the impact of temporal rhythms and user typologies on spatial effectiveness. Findings advocate embedding user-centered, empirical methodologies in architectural education and practice to enhance behavioral responsiveness in design.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

architectural programming, design thinking, user behavior, spatial analysis, time-based mapping, participatory design, architectural pedagogy, post occupancy evaluation, human centered design.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

One's agriculture is fundamental in providing food security and fostering securities across economies in the world. Many of today's primary agricultural issues such as climate change, soil depletion, water scarcity, pest control, and the pressing requirement for sustainable agriculture are some of the stated issues that cannot be resolved using conventional techniques Agriculture has been a cornerstone of food production and economic stability throughout the world. There has been a transformative change in technology over the past few years Machine Learning (ML), which is a subset of Artificial Intelligence (AI), considers various prediction models to predict outcomes on record data associated with the agricultural field. The corresponding algorithms can now identify and forecast various phenomena that have limitless potential in the agricultural sector. One of them is the forecasting of crop yields and also the early-stage identification of plant diseases and pest infestation, while monitoring soil conditions, optimizing the fuel and fertilizer, automating the elimination of weeds, and advancing achieved precision agriculture. This paper looks at the impacts of machine learning as it pertains to agriculture, analyzes existing use case machine learning implementations, discusses challenges to widespread adoption, and presents areas needing further research. The illustrations provided reaffirm the fact that machine learning stands to greatly benefit the agricultural sector in increasing food production, maintaining environmental balance, improving resources utilization efficiency, and assisting farmers in meeting future demands.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Machine Learning (ML), Agriculture, Climate Change, Precision Agriculture, Sustainability, Crop Yield Forecasting, Soil Health Monitoring, Pest Detection, Resource Optimization.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Rice water contains vitamins, amino acids, and trace minerals such as zinc, magnesium, and vitamins B and C, all of which can beautify the skin and encourage healthy hair pigmentation. Rice has long been recognized to promote healing of the skin. Rice contains the embryo and endosperm of Oryza sativa seeds, and, it can be utilized as a byproduct in the form of rice water. Although there are promising studies regarding the cosmetic applications of rice water, there is still a need for more rigorous scientific research. This project aimed to develop a product based on rice water and check its potency in anti-aging and antioxidant activities. The results showed that rice water not only possessed antioxidant activity but also elastase inhibitory activity. Formulation of 96% rice water was found to be non-cytotoxic or non-irritating to human skin and it showed favorable aesthetic properties which means it can be used for cosmetic application in skincare for antiaging purposes. It is also well-adapted for hair care, caring for hair without any negative consequences by strengthening hair, and acting as a chemical-free shampoo that maintains the pH of the scalp. Moreover, it is known for its action promoting hair growth with visible results within a very short time of use. Rice water is known to protect hair from damage, keeping hair strong and promoting rapid growth due to its protein content. Hair loss is a common problem among most teenagers, which is usually brought about by dandruff and body heat. Dandruff is induced by the Malassezia species fungus. To remedy this, an easy and efficient method is the use of rice water.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Rice water, Anti-aging, Anti-oxidant, Anti-fungal activity, Staple food, Probiotics, Microbioms.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Most of the developing nations (including India) are still struggling for efficient use of their resources. In order to overcome physical and administrative constraints of the development, it is necessary to transfer the power from the central government to the local authorities. Distribution of power for improves the management of resources and community participation which is considered key to sustainable development. Advocates of decentralization argue that decentralized government is source to improve community participation in rural development. Decentralized government is considered more responsive towards local needs and development of poor peoples. There are many obstacles to expand the citizen participation in rural areas. There are many approaches for the decentralized development, but all have to face the same challenges. Present paper is an attempt to highlights the various elements of decentralization as well as scheme of local governance in contemporary India from the Gandhian perspective.

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 Keywords

Decentralization, Local Governance, Democracy, People's Participation, Rural Development, Centralization.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Teachers play an imperative role in framing the ladder for educational development. It is obvious that teachers play a vital place in the educational setting. Efficient teachers can contribute to the disparity in progress of students. A knowledgeable, well-prepared, competent, enthusiastic, sympathetic and dynamic teacher is considered to be an effective teacher. This paper analyzes the teaching effectiveness of primary school teachers serving in Primary Schools situated in Haveri Taluk, Haveri District of Karnataka. For this reason, 80 primary school teachers were selected from government, private aided and private unaided schools randomly as a sample of research. Teaching Effectiveness studied as dependent variable and sex and type of management studied as background variables. The Teacher Effectiveness Scale developed by Umme Kulsum (2012) was used to measure teachers' various functions related to his or her teaching. The data was analyzed by computing an independent 't' test. The statistical results obtained with the help of SPSS Package Version 20 and MS Excel 2015. The level of significance was fixed at 0.05 level confidence. The 't' test results found that there was a significant difference in Teaching Effectiveness of primary school male and female teachers. The result also inferred that teachers serving in government schools had higher effectiveness in teaching when compared with teachers serving in private aided and unaided institutions. This implies that female teachers working in private aided and unaided primary schools should conduct orientation programmes, workshops and in-service training programmes, which should focus on a call for higher effectiveness in teaching.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Teaching, Effectiveness, Primary, School, Teachers, Sex, type of management

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition