Volume 14 | Issue 6 |

 Abstract

In this study, the association demographic variables and the behavioural biases of individual investors is analyzed. Some behavioural biases such as the heuristic bias, overconfidence bias, herding bias, confirmation bias and framing bias are important factors affecting investment decision making. The study will explore if there is a statistically significant relationship between these behavioural biases and demographic factors (occupation, annual income). A quantitative research design was used and a structured questionnaire on a five-point Likert scale was used to draw primary data from 402 respondents. The collected data were analyzed with the use of Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used for testing the association between the demographic variables and behavioural biases. Results of the study indicate that Occupation and annual income have different degrees of relationships with the different behavioural biases. There was significant effect among income groups in the cases of heuristic bias, overconfidence bias, and herding bias, and Occupation was significantly related to heuristic bias, overconfidence bias, herding bias, confirmation bias and framing bias. The findings reveal that investors' psychological tendencies and decision-making processes are greatly influenced by their demographic characteristics. The study adds to the behavioural finance literature by offering empirical evidence of the impact of socio-economic factors on behavioural biases.

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Heuristic bias, Overconfidence bias, Herding bias, Confirmation bias, Framing bias, Behavioural bias, Annual income, Occupation

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The area of expertise known as "Voice Culture" focuses on proper voice producing methods. Studying the voice and music go hand in hand. Learning to sing a range of ragas, compositions, and musical extemporisation are all part of the art form. A study of voice focuses on producing sound in the proper way and modifying it for different singing styles. While there are many exercises in the Indian classical music system that help improve singing technique, a thorough examination of all the scientific aspects of voice cultivation as well as the practice of technically advanced exercises will aid singers in self-analysis and vocal apparatus manipulation for flawless modulation. In the purest sense, voice culture is a science that is intimately related to anatomy, psychology, physics, yoga, and music.

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Voice Modulation, Vocal chords, Voice Training, Voice Culture.

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This paper presents a comprehensive literature review of choreographic techniques employed across Indian classical dance traditions in the interpretation of compositions by different vaggeyakaras -- poet-composers who authored both the literary text and the musical setting of their works. Spanning foundational figures such as Jayadeva (12th century), Annamacharya (15th century), Kshetrayya (17th century), Tyagaraja (18th-19th century), Siddhendra Yogi, Narayana Tirtha, Swati Tirunal, and Purandaradasa, this review examines how the poetic register, rasa orientation, lyrical language, tala structure, and devotional philosophy of each vaggeyakara directly inform the abhinaya, nritta, and nritya choices made by choreographers and gurus across Kuchipudi, Bharatanatyam, Odissi, Manipuri, and Mohiniattam. Drawing on peer-reviewed articles, doctoral theses from Indian universities, and institutional records from the Sangeet Natak Akademi and Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts (IGNCA), this study traces both cross-form commonalities and form-specific distinctions in the treatment of vaggeyakara compositions. The review argues that choreographic technique is not merely a bodily practice but a hermeneutic act -- a reading of the poet-composer's intent mediated through the grammar of the dance tradition -- and identifies significant lacunae in the existing scholarship warranting future research.

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 Keywords

Vaggeyakara, Choreographic Technique, Abhinaya, Kuchipudi, Bharatanatyam, Odissi, Rasa, Nritta, Nritya, Padam, Ashtapadi, Indian Classical Dance

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 Abstract

महाराष्ट्र राज्यातील औरंगाबाद (छत्रपती संभाजी नगर) हा जिल्हा पर्यटनाच्या दृष्टीने एक महत्त्वाचा आहे. छत्रपती संभाजीनगर शहरापासून अवघ्या १०१ कि.मी. अंतरावर जागतिक वारसा लाभलेले 'अजिंठा पर्यटन स्थळ' असून, ही केंद्र सुमारे इ.स पूर्व दुसऱ्या ते इ.स.चौथ्या शतकातील आहे. या ठिकाणी 'बौद्ध' धर्माच्या लेण्या प्रामुख्याने दिसून येतात. 'अजिंठा लेणी' हे ठिकाण पर्यटकांचे आकर्षक असल्याने, येथे जगभरातून प्रतिदिन हजारो पर्यटक भेटी देतात. त्यामुळे या पर्यटन स्थळाचा सामाजिक आर्थिक प्रभाव प्रामुख्याने दिसून येतो. 'अजिंठा लेणी' ही एक जागतिक पर्यटन स्थळ असून ते परकीय चलन प्राप्त करते आणि थेट रोजगाराद्वारे केंद्र राज्य आणि स्थानिक आर्थिकीकरणाला चालना देते. त्यामुळे त्यामुळे 'अजिंठा लेणी' हे पर्यटन स्थळ पर्यटन व पर्यटकांच्या दृष्टीने अत्यंत महत्त्वपूर्ण व संवेदनशील आहे. हे पर्यटन स्थळ पर्यटकांना विचार प्रवृत्त करायला भाग पाडते. तेथील शिल्प पर्यटकांच्या मनामध्ये स्वतःच्या अस्तित्वाची जागा निर्माण करते. म्हणून प्रस्तुत शोधनिबंध 'अजिंठा लेणी' या आंतरराष्ट्रीय पर्यटन स्थळावर प्रकाश टाकतो.

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पर्यटन स्थळ, अजिंठा, आकर्षण, पर्यटक, प्रभाव, रोजगार इत्यादी.

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China is currently confronted with a range of ecological issues, encompassing air and water pollution, soil contamination, climate change and loss of biodiversity. Strategically, China's future ecological trajectory would have major ramifications. China's national security, economy and international relations are all at risk if environmental degradation goes unchecked. The future course of China's ecological landscape hinges on several factors, including the environmental policies set by the Chinese government, the pace of economic advancement and the impact of climate change. These ecological challenges in China hold substantial strategic importance, not only for the country but also for its neighboring nations and the global community.

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Ecosphere, Climate Change, Deforestation Overfishing, Biodiversity, Health, Pollution, Water Contamination, Soil Deterioration

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 Abstract

“શાબ્દિક તર્કશક્તિએ લખાયેલા અથવા બોલાયેલા ભાષાને સમજવી,વિશ્લેષણ કરવી અને તાર્કિક રીતે મૂલ્યાંકન કરીને અનુમાન કરવાની તથા નિષ્કર્ષ કાઢવાની માનસિક ક્ષમતા છે”(રોબીન્સ,૨૦૧૩) પ્રસ્તુત અભ્યાસનો હેતુ ધોરણ 9ના વિદ્યાર્થીઓની શાબ્દિક તર્કશક્તિનું મૂલ્યાંકન કરવાનો તેમજ તેમની જાતિ અને વિસ્તાર આધારે તફાવતોની તપાસ કરવાનો હતો.અભ્યાસમાં અમદાવાદ જિલ્લાની કુલ 5 માધ્યમિક શાળાઓમાંથી સહેતુક પદ્ધતિથી પસંદ કરાયેલા 220 વિદ્યાર્થીઓનો નમૂનો લેવામાં આવ્યો. શાબ્દિક તર્કશક્તિ માપન માટે 100 પ્રશ્નો ધરાવતી ડૉ. હર્ષાબેન આર. પટેલ રચિત પ્રમાણિત કસોટીનો ઉપયોગ કરવામાં આવ્યો. એકત્રિત માહિતીનું મધ્યક, પ્રમાણિત વિચલન અને ‘t’ કસોટી દ્વારા વિશ્લેષણ કરવામાં આવ્યું. વિશ્લેષણના પરિણામો દર્શાવે છે કે વિદ્યાર્થીઓની શાબ્દિક તર્કશક્તિ પર જાતિ અને ગ્રામ્ય અને શહેરી વિસ્તાર વચ્ચે તેમજ શહેરી વિસ્તારના અને ગ્રામ્ય વિસ્તારના કુમાર અને કન્યાઓ વચ્ચે શાબ્દિક તર્કશક્તિમાં કોઈ પ્રમાણભૂત તફાવત જોવા મળતો નથી. આથી તારણ મળે છે કે ધોરણ 9 ના વિદ્યાર્થીઓની શાબ્દિક તર્કશક્તિ જાતિ અને વિસ્તાર જેવા પરિબળોથી પ્રભાવિત થતી નથી. સમાજ આર્થિક અથવા પરિસ્થિતિજન્ય પરિબળોની અસર કરતાં શૈક્ષણિક પરિસર અને વ્યક્તિગત માનસિક ક્ષમતા વધુ મહત્વપૂર્ણ હોવાની સંભાવના છે. અભ્યાસના તારણો શિક્ષકો,શિક્ષણવિદો અને સંશોધકોને વિદ્યાર્થીઓની ક્ષમતાઓને વધુ અસરકારક રીતે સમજવામાં તથા શૈક્ષણિક આયોજન સુધારવામાં મદદરૂપ થાય છે.

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 Keywords

તર્કશક્તિ, શાબ્દિક તર્કશક્તિ

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 Abstract

शरद जोशी की व्यंग्य लेखन के प्रति चिंता आम आदमी की चेतना को सामाजिक आधार प्रदान करने से जुड़ी रही। जोशी जी की रचनाओं में मानवीय मूल्यों का विघटन एक प्रमुख विषय है। उन्होंने समकालीन समाज, राजनीति और प्रशासन में व्याप्त भ्रष्टाचार, अवसरवाद और स्वार्थ को उजागर कर नैतिक पतन पर तीखे व्यंग्य किये हैं। उनके व्यंग्य बताते हैं कि आधुनिक युग में सत्य, वैराग्य, और ईमानदारी जैसे आदर्श पीछे छूट गए हैं। इसके विपरीत झूठ, हिंसा, चापलूसी जैसे दुर्गुणों को समाज में स्वीकार्यता मिलने लगी है।

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व्यंग्य, विघटन, मानवीय मूल्य, राजनीति, भ्रष्ट, अफसर, शरद जोशी

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The Baya Weaver (Ploceus philippinus) is renowned for constructing intricate hanging nests that represent one of the most remarkable examples of avian architecture. It is a highly social and colonial species, building self-woven nests suspended from the branches of trees. The present study was conducted at five selected sites in the Shekhawati region of Rajasthan, India, to investigate structural abnormalities in Baya Weaver nests. Only abandoned nests were collected after the completion of the breeding season to avoid disturbance to active colonies. Detailed examination of these nests revealed several structural variations, including incomplete entrance tubes, distorted brood chambers, irregular weaving patterns, and asymmetrical nest architecture. Such abnormalities may arise from multiple factors, including environmental stress, strong winds, scarcity of suitable nesting materials, and the inexperience of young males. The findings indicate that many of these structural modifications are not merely accidental defects but may represent adaptive responses to environmental challenges and predation pressures. This study provides valuable insights into the nesting behaviour and structural plasticity of the Baya Weaver in the semi-arid ecosystem of the Shekhawati region.

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Ploceus philippinus, Baya Weaver, nest architecture, structural abnormalities, Shekhawati region, Rajasthan, adaptive behaviour.

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In These Hills Called Home: Stories from a War Zone (2006), Temsula Ao extends her reflections on Nagaland's turbulent landscape through her short stories by portraying the daily hardships of people living amid the clash between insurgent aspirations for sovereignty and the state's coercive power. This paper titled "Power, Surveillance and Interpellation: A Critical Reading of Temsula Ao's These Hills Called Home" offers a critical reading of Temsula Ao's These Hills Called Home by bringing Michel Foucault's theories of discipline and surveillance into dialogue with Louis Althusser's models of state apparatuses. It argues that Ao's narratives stage a multilayered and relational field of power in which panoptic mechanisms (curfews, patrols, memory) and both Repressive State Apparatuses (army, police) and Ideological State Apparatuses (church, kinship norms, village assemblies) jointly produce subjectivities and uneven forms of consent and coercion. The study uncovers a complex structure of power that operates in militarised Nagaland through discipline, monitoring and ideological conditioning. A close reading of select stories will show how surveillance disciplines time, space and bodily comportment while ideological interpellation normalises gendered and communal roles, and how these processes interact to reconfigure identity and social relations. The study also emphasises how Ao's narratives illustrate resistance and human perseverance while also revealing hidden and visible control strategies.

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Power, resistance, surveillance, Ideological State Apparatuses, Repressive State Apparatuses, interpellation

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Food Recommender Systems (FRS) has emerged as an important sub area of Computer Science and Engineering (CSE) that is significantly different from other traditional areas of recommendation such as e-commerce or media streaming. This systematic review aims to do an architectural analysis of intelligent FRS using Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML). We summarize 21 basic peer-reviewed studies and examine how these emergent systems cope with high dimensional and non-linear constraints like user health states, complex multi-component ingredients, temporal consumption rules, and multimodal streams of features. These methods fall into four structural paradigm groups: Traditional Matrix Methods, Sequence-based Neural Nets, Heterogeneous Information Networks (HIN), and Advanced Optimization Frameworks. Last, open challenges for sparsity training, cold-start issue and unified offline metrics for algorithmic precision nutrition are elaborated which will serve as future research roadmap.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Food Recommender Systems, Heterogeneous Information Networks, Deep Learning, Multi-Objective Optimization, Computational Health.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition