Volume 13 | Issue 6 |

 Abstract

Location, Geography, resources etc. are very crucial aspects while deciding importance of any area. In the light of these aspects, Andaman & Nicobar Islands have great importance for India in Strategic, economic, defence and many more areas. Developmental efforts of these areas will definitely be a boost for Andaman & Nicobar Islands in particular & India in general.

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Andaman & Nicobar, Strategic Importance, India

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It is a concept of Retrofitting E-bikes combine the familiar mechanics of a bicycle with the power of an electric motor, making them an attractive alternative to traditional bicycles and cars. The motor is powered by a rechargeable battery, which can be recharged through a wall outlet. The assistance provided by the motor can range from a subtle boost to a more substantial level, allowing the rider to pedal less or even coast for stretches. The biggest drawback of today's I.C. Engine motorcycles on the market is that the exhaust generated by the engine contributes to increased emissions in the environment. The fuel used to power those bikes is non-renewable, and when they're running, they make a lot of noise. Also issue of PUc due to a vehicle life is age bar.Electric scooty currently have a number of advantages over traditional I.C. engine motorcycles, but they are limited in terms of mileage.The aim of this paper is to create a cost-effective electric motorcycle while also addressing one of the electric motorcycle's main drawbacks, namely, mileage (km/charge). The goal of the paper can be met by employing low-cost materials and equipment that can increase the mileage of a motorcycle by repurposing the energy released by the engine.

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Design and implmentation of Ebike

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In India's federal structure, the Institution of the Deputy Chief Minister (Dy CM) holds a unique position. Though, this Institution is not recognized or mandated by the Indian Constitution , it plays a significant political , administrative, developmental and strategic role in the arena of state government. In the recent trend, the role of DyCM has been prominent particularly in the coalition government , administrative support and as a tool of representation for diverse sections of the society . In the arena of the state politics , the post of the Dy Chief Minister has become a symbol of balancing tool , political accommodation, political stability, regional and caste representation and intra-party dynamics. As commented by Pratap Bhanu Mehta " In India's fragmented polity, the post of Deputy CM acts as valve to diffuse political tension". The position of the post is a product of political exigency rather than constitutional design. This paper explores the historical evoluation, funtions, responsibilities , political rationale and significance of this extra-constitutional institution. The paper also mentions the prominent case studies and the debates surrounding the institutionalization of the office. It also examines how this institution has contributed to stability in the state governance. As a Dy CM, a leader with political weight equal to that of the Chief Minister can act as a check on the office of the Chief Minister. The Institution of the Dy CM,also enhances the decentralization of power in the state cabinet. It further presents the current scenerio of the Indian States with regard to the Deputy Chief Minister.

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 Keywords

Federal structure, Institution, Coalition gonernment, decentralization

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In today's organizational environment, the determinants of employee efficiency extend beyond technical expertise and task motivation, encompassing the critical role of interpersonal relationships at work. This study examines the associations between collegial interactions and employee performance, combining psychological theorizing with empirical evidence. Statistical analyses, including correlation testing, principal component analysis (PCA), and regression modeling, revealed a significant positive relationship between interpersonal synergy and employee efficiency. The results underscore that communication and respectful relationships are not merely soft skills but necessities for high performance. Findings support the notion that psychologically safe and socially interdependent workplaces significantly boost productivity. This study enriches the organizational psychology literature and highlights the imperative for HR professionals to prioritize team-building and relational development. Future research could expand sample sizes or utilize mixed methods to explore deeper mechanisms linking interpersonal dynamics and workplace performance.

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Interpersonal dynamics, employee efficiency, organizational behavior, workplace communication, regression analysis, organizational psychology.

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Postcolonial literature probes into the experience of being away from one's ancestral homeland. It embodies the literary works of authors voluntarily or involuntarily displaced from their native land owing to aspects such as emigration, exile or globalization. Globalization embraces, multiculturalism allowing for more fluid and dynamic perception of self in postcolonial contexts. This paper discusses how the celebrated author Jhumpa Lahiri in her famous work The Namesake, examines in what manner migration corrodes conventional perception of belonging as the characters circumnavigate between their ancestral Bengali culture and the American surroundings, where they dwell. Relying on the theoretical underpinnings of Homi Bhabha's Third Space Theory, Stuart Hall's Cultural Identity Theory and Gayatri Spivak's Theory of the Subaltern, Lahiri's narrative accentuates how globalization transfigures identity into a fluid construct, challenging established national identity.

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Globalization, Postcolonial Identity, Cultural fusion, Subaltern, Diaspora.

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The present paper studies the evolution of the cultural and literary landscape of Kashmir from a paradise to an inferno. For context the study examines Suvir Kaul's Of Gardens and Graves, a collection of poems, essays and photo- essays that chronicle the lived realities of Kashmir ever since its accession to India in 1947. For the purpose, the study works on two themes: first, it evaluates the militarization of Kashmiris and the subsequent brutalization of their physical and cultural space. Secondly, it attempts to illuminate the organized and unorganized forms of resistance practiced by Kashmiris.

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 Keywords

Trauma, Brutality, Violence, Militarisation, Maiming Dissenters, Insecurity of Women

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The increasing demand for inclusive communication solutions has led to significant advancements in hand sign gesture recognition systems. By combining state-of-the-art deep learning and computer vision technologies with Dense Neural Networks (DNNs), this work provides a thorough foundation for translating hand sign gestures into speech and text. By integrating MediaPipe for real-time hand tracking and landmark identification with OpenCV, the proposed approach guarantees precise gesture recognition. TensorFlow and Keras are used to create and train a powerful DNN that can accurately recognize gestures. Google Text-to-Speech (GTTS) is then used to convert the motions into natural-sounding speech. A user-friendly graphical user interface that promotes accessibility and seamless interaction was developed using the Tkinter (Tk) toolkit. To extract hand landmarks, the approach preprocesses input video streams using MediaPipe and OpenCV. These landmarks are normalized before being added to the DNN model for classification. The resulting text output is shown on the interface and concurrently converted into speech using GTTS. Experiments reveal that the system can accurately identify both static and dynamic motions in a range of lighting and background conditions. This research contributes to bridging the communication gap for those with speech and hearing impairments by providing a portable, real-time, and cost-effective option for sign language interpretation.

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Deep Learning, Dense Neural Network(DNN), MediaPipe, Google Text-to-Speech(gTTS)

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Organisations have their own interpretations of what constitutes employee well-being and how to build policies to support it. Overall, wellbeing revolves around physical health. Employees who perform well require more than just physical fitness they must also feel supported, connected, and balanced psychologically and socially. This paper examines occupational welfare criteria such as physical, psychological, and social relationships. A 20-item questionnaire has been designed to conduct the primary survey and collect employee feedback on policies that address these areas of well-being. Berger and Berger's Talent Management Handbook (2012) defines three major aspects of well-being: physical, psychological, and social relationship. The statistical analysis is performed to assess the responses of respondents, and suggestions are made to the company based on the survey results.

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Physical, Psychological, Social relationships, Wellness, Relational, Employee or staff well-being, Berger and Berger's.

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Traditional firewalls based on predefined rules and signatures to detect ,find and block malicious data, always struggling to adapt to evolving cyber threats. To remove this limitation, Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based firewalls leverage machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques to dynamically analyze network behavior, find out anomalies, and prevent cyberattacks in real time. By using supervised, unsupervised, and reinforcement learning models, AI-powered firewalls can identify zero-day exploits, advanced persistent threats (APTs), malacious and suspicious patterns with higher accuracy than conventional firewall. Key AI techniques used include: Some key AI technic available here: o Threat Detection,Behavioral analysis, Automated Rule optimization, predictive threat Intelligence. o Threat Detection: Identifying deviations from normal traffic behavior using clustering and neural networks. o Behavioral Analysis: Monitoring user and device activity to detect inside threats. o Predictive Threat Intelligence: Using historical and past data to predict potential attacks. o Automated Rule Optimization: Automatic and Continuously updating firewall policies based on real-time threat analysis. AI-based firewalls enhance security by reducing false positives, enhance threat response times, and adapting to new attack vectors autonomously. However, challenges such as adversarial attacks, model interpretability, and calculated overhead remain areas of ongoing research. Future advancements in explainable AI (XAI) and federated learning may further strengthen AI-driven firewall solutions, making them indispensable in next-generation cybersecurity frameworks.

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 Keywords

1] AI firewall, [2] Machine learning, [3] Anomaly detection, [4] Deep learning, [5] Threat intelligence

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Despite the known genetic, epigenetic, and transcriptomic alterations, colorectal cancer (CRC) is still one of the major causes of cancer death throughout the world. Recent progress in the field of transcriptome has greatly promoted our understanding regarding the molecular mechanism at the molecular level during CRC progression, which identified several key core genes, such as KRAS, MYC, TP53 and APC, that control oncogenic pathways such as Wnt/?-catenin, PI3K-AKT, inflammatory signaling, etc. The conjoining of transcriptomics with the epigenomics, especially the DNA methylation and histone modifications, has shed more light on tumor suppressor gene silencing and oncogene activation that can serve as potential biomarkers for the early detecting and prognosis of the disease as well as the selection of the therapies. Since much of their development into personalized medicine has been internalized by pharmaceutical companies for proprietary reasons, these markers have not been extracted. New therapeutic interventions involving reversal of the abnormal expression pattern of genes using epigenetic drugs running the gamut of histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi's) and DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi's) are under investigation. Finally, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning is also having a huge role in analyzing large scale transcriptomic data and it is transforming biomarker discovery, treatment selection and predicting patient outcomes, transcriptomic research will lead the personalized view of CRC and will provide a new hope for the early detection, prognosis, and personalized targeted therapy. As such, continuous multi-omics integration, computational biology and clinical validation efforts will be a crucial component in furthering CRC transformation into a renowned disease for which simple management strategies, improved survival and treatment efficacy can all be attained.

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 Keywords

Colorectal cancer, transcriptomics, epigenomics, biomarkers, multi-omics, Wnt/?-catenin, PI3K-AKT, DNA methylation, histone modification, artificial intelligence, personalized medicine, targeted therapy, liquid biopsy, single-cell RNA sequencing.

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