Volume 12 | Issue 6 |

 Abstract

This paper introduces an investigation of PWM techniques which can minimize total harmonic distortion (THD) and enhance the output voltage. Also, this paper present a comparison between different topologies of multilevel inverter. This comparison is done with respect of weight, THD and cost. For multilevel inverters IGBT's and MOSFET's are used as switching devices to make the inverter more accurate. Multilevel inverters are important for power electronics application such as, active power filters and uninterruptible power supplies. If THD is important, the 11 level inverter should be used, since it has lower THD than 9 level and 5 level inverter. If cost is important 5 level inverter be used. If power losses are important the 9-level diode-clamped inverter is used. Selecting a multilevel inverter is a tradeoff between cost, complexity, losses and THD. The most important part is to decide which one is important.

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 Keywords

multilevel inverters, pulse width modulation, total harmonic distortion, power losses and Loss..

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The PGPR Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria are most beneficial strain of bacteria that enhance the plant growth and biocontrol by direct and indirect mechanism. The PGPR identified as the efficient microbe as bio fertilizer for plant growth. Hence the present investigation was carried out to isolate and characterize the PGPR from rhizosphere soil. A total ten in number isolates were isolated from soil sample and were characterize by different characterization techniques. In this present study the out of ten isolates two 10-5F1 and 10-5F3 shown high IAA production, displayed phosphate solubilizing activity in Pikovskaya agar, almost all isolates were positive for catalase test and showed antifungal activity against Aspergillus species

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Rhizobacteria, phosphate solubilizing, antifungal activity

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract: Tribal belt in any region refers to specific areas of settlement of tribal people. They are groups of people with specific customs, traditions, dialect and have a common culture. People here generally live and work together in a shared geographical area. The five areas identified under five ITDP's (Integrated Tribal Development Programme) are Kinnaur, Lahaul, Spiti, Pangi and Bharmour. The various tribes in Himachal Pradesh include Lahaula, Pangwala, Gaddi, Swangla, Bodh people and Kinnauri and Khampa tribes. Women in any society play a pivotal role in shaping that society. Here in this paper, it is being analyzed that what is women's position in a tribal society. In the tribal belt of Himachal Pradesh Buddhism is prevalent especially in Lahaul & Spiti and Kinnaur regions. From religious point of view Buddhism offers a liberal outlook towards women. The women's work in these regions is mainly confined to agricultural activities [7]. As far as inheritance laws are concerned, Hindu succession act has led to much dilemma here but in all of this the ray of hope is the decision of Court of Law. Polyandry an old custom still exists in some parts of Kinnaur and Lahaul. Law of primogeniture exists in Spiti. The benefits of Scheduled Areas act are acting aptly to safeguard the economic, cultural rights of tribal population in the area.

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Key Words: Hindu Succession Act, Primogeniture, Polyandry, Scheduled Area.

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Over the past few decades, advances in information technology have significantly transformed how we manage data and information, particularly in terms of data acquisition, processing, and predictions. This interdisciplinary effort has involved the use of image processing techniques and the implementation of AI-based models. The latest technological innovations have made it possible for researchers to conduct computational experiments that would have been impractical using conventional methods. This survey paper examines various methodologies for object detection, providing a systematic analysis of existing techniques with a detailed presentation. The study also includes an evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of current methods and outlines future research opportunities in this field.

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 Keywords

Object Recognition, Object Detection, Image Processing, AI-Artificial Intelligence.

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The project, "Animal Species Detection using Convolutional Neural Network," aims to create a sophisticated system for identifying and classifying animal species from both static images and live video streams. Utilizing Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and the YOLO v8 object detection algorithm, the system promises accurate, real-time animal detection and recognition. Inputs from various sources will yield outputs with bounding boxes, species names, and corresponding audio tracks. Developed with the Streamlit framework for an interactive front end, the project will leverage the Roboflow platform for data set curation, model training, and deployment. Notifications via Telegram will provide real-time detection updates, and the front end will offer detailed information on each detected species. This project is poised to significantly advance animal conservation, wildlife monitoring, and environmental research by offering an efficient and accurate tool for animal species detection and identification.

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CNN, YOLO, Roboflow

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Employee attrition and retention has been one of the major issues of the IT industry in Coimbatore. The issue of employee Attrition and retention remains a significant concern within the IT industry in Coimbatore. This research primarily aims to identify and examine the factors to employee turnover and retention within IT companies in Coimbatore. Data was gathered through a questionnaire to analyze factors such as personal attributes of employees, opinions on factors influencing turnover, and retention strategies implemented in terms of service and working conditions, as well as welfare measures. Currently, the Information Technology sector is grappling with the challenge of recruiting and retaining skilled individuals while also addressing talent loss due to turnover. One of the most pressing challenges faced by employers, particularly in the Information Technology field in the 21st century, is the high rate of employee turnover leading to a manpower shortage amidst a growing demand for skilled professionals. This dynamic often poses numerous challenges for employers in the industry while also presenting opportunities and benefits to employees through effective retention strategies. (Source: Vibha Gupta, 2013, Nargundkar and Rajendra, 2003).

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Retention, HR practices, employee attrition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Today, social media is one of the most popular and widely utilized forms of communication. People currently utilize social media to interact with one another all around the world. People have been using social media to discuss their experiences in recent years. These product reviews posted by social media users are read by thousands of people every day and they have become a source of influencing consumer buying behaviour. Organizations have started to use social media to sell their products and services after realizing the value of this medium. Social media is being used today to effectively market products and services and to attract a wide demographic of audience. This paper aims at identifying how different aspects of social media can impact consumer behavior. Social media has given rise to the online platforms like Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, Twitter, where people can connect with each other, share thoughts and the content. This revolution of social media has given new way of gaining the information on the products as well as on services. But undoubtedly Social media has given the power to the consumer where content is generated by them only through online conversations so consumers are the one who play an important role in making or breaking the brand. The marketers try to understand the utilization of Social media by the consumers and their deciding pattern on the basis of the content showed there that can change their decision process.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Social media, consumer behavior, online platforms, organisation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The latest study shows a strong connection between dysfunctional neurological (CNS) function and the growing number of immunological diseases. The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis, also known as (arthritis), a chronic inflammatory systemic immune-mediated illness based on synovitis and is unreliable. Apart from the physical damage to the joints, RA is also linked with psychiatric comorbidities such as anxiety, depression, and Schizophrenia which enhances the possibility of neurodegenerative illnesses. The two types of immunity are governed by local and central neurological systems, which are activated by antibody-producing cells and the immunological barriers compounds they secrete. Extended soreness caused by joint disorders such as rheumatism (arthritis), osteoarthritis (OA), and implant loosening after surgery (AL) is an extremely severe symptom that affects an individual's flexibility and standard of existence. It has been demonstrated that the initiation and development of chronic pain syndromes are significantly influenced by the neuroimmune interaction.

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Arthritis , Inflammation, Multiple Sclerosis, Neuroimmune

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Fashion, a vibrant and powerful sector, is going through a radical transition towards sustainability, with recycling playing a key part. The fashion industry is a significant contributor to global environmental degradation, making sustainability a critical concern. This paper explores the principles of recycling, reusing, and reducing within the context of sustainable fashion. By examining current practices and innovations, the study highlights how these strategies can mitigate the negative environmental impact of the fashion industry. The research delves into the lifecycle of fashion products, analyzing methods to extend their usability and reduce waste. Case studies of brands successfully implementing sustainable practices are presented, offering insights into the benefits and challenges of adopting a circular fashion model. Additionally, consumer behavior and its role in promoting sustainability through mindful purchasing are discussed. The findings suggest that integrating recycle, reuse, and reduce practices can significantly transform the fashion industry, fostering a more sustainable future. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how these practices contribute to environmental conservation and encourage the adoption of sustainable fashion on a broader scale. Furthermore, the paper addresses the reduction aspect by evaluating approaches to minimize resource consumption and waste generation in fashion production and consumption. This includes advancements in sustainable materials, efficient production techniques, and the role of slow fashion in encouraging mindful consumer behavior. Through this exploration, the paper underscores the urgent need for a paradigm shift in how fashion is produced, consumed, and perceived, advocating for a collective effort towards sustainability that spans the entire value chain.

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Recycle, Reduce, Reuse, consumer behavior, sustainability

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The article critically examines Digital Art work and Copyright, and sheds light on the potential and violation of Copyright in Digital Art through Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs). The progressive phenomenon of Digital Art in the online world has changed the market for fine art. The article provides deep insights into laws applicable to Digital Art and Copyright Protection in the perspective of Indian law. It analyses possibility of violation of Copyright in digital art and its reconstruction, as established in Google v Oracle and OpenBSD. The invention of NFT offers terms to combat the imminent problems facing the digital art world, such as preserving ownership, authenticity, and market value. The adoption of NFT generates legal and regulatory barriers for artists, particularly in India where cryptocurrency and blockchain regulation is in a nascent stage. Blockchain technology automates a secondary market without a centralized custodian or intermediary for payments, thus bringing in legal issues between creators and consumers. A detailed analysis of Indian Copyright law, case laws, and digital payment websites depicts the challenges of NFTs in India, required legal reforms, and details on how blockchain technologies can be used for Copyright purposes; and how education of artists is vital for better understanding. Indeed, it is imperative for India to define its legal regime to Digital Art and NFT with regard to the nature of ownership, Copyright, digital identification of authentic art, and the ambit of respective legal regimes.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Digital Art, Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs), Copyright Law, Blockchain Technology, Digital Ownership

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition