Volume 14 | Issue 5 |

 Abstract

Justicia wynaadensis, frequently referred to as "Maddu Thoppu" or the "Medicinal Leaf" within the Western Ghats region, serves as a vital ethnomedicinal shrub. It is traditionally ingested for its health benefits, especially during the monsoon period in Coorg, Karnataka. This review offers a thorough examination of its botanical traits, folklore applications, phytochemical makeup, and contemporary pharmacological uses. From a botanical perspective, the species is recognized for its characteristic purple extract and specific morphological markers within the Acanthaceae family. Chemical analyses indicate a diverse array of bioactive constituents, such as phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, and key minerals, which underpin its medicinal value. Recent studies emphasize its significant antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and cholesterol-lowering effects, providing empirical support for its traditional role in regulating blood pressure and lipid levels. This paper consolidates existing data to highlight the species' promise as a foundation for new phytopharmaceuticals and natural food dyes, while also pinpointing essential areas for future clinical trials and commercial development.

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 Keywords

Justicia wynaadensis; Phytochemical constituents; Acanthaceae; purple coloured extract.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract Anandamath by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay is one of the most significant literary texts associated with the rise of Indian nationalism during the colonial period. This paper examines the concept of cultural nationalism in the novel and analyzes how Bankim constructs the idea of the nation through religion, mythology, sacrifice, and collective identity. Set against the backdrop of the Sanyasi Rebellion, Anandamath transforms historical events into a symbolic narrative of national awakening. The study explores the representation of Bharat Mata as a divine mother figure and the role of the hymn "Vande Mataram" in creating emotional and spiritual attachment to the nation. It further discusses the portrayal of ascetic warriors whose dedication and self-sacrifice reflect the ideal nationalist spirit. The paper also investigates the relationship between Hindu cultural symbolism and anti-colonial consciousness in the novel. While Anandamath inspired patriotic feelings and contributed significantly to nationalist discourse in India, the paper critically evaluates its limitations, particularly its reliance on Hindu imagery and its exclusionary implications for non-Hindu communities. Through textual analysis and critical interpretation, the study argues that Bankim's cultural nationalism played a foundational role in shaping Indian nationalist imagination while simultaneously generating debates about religion, identity, and inclusiveness in modern India.

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Cultural Nationalism; Indian Nationalism; Bharat Mata; Vande Mataram; Colonialism

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The research examines the potential impact of adopting biophilic design concepts in creating spatial experiences in the setting of educational learning spaces, with a specific focus on design institutes. Contemporary learning spaces have been noted to lack natural aspects in their designs, resulting in uncomfortable environments, increased stress among learners, and low productivity. Through the use of a systematic methodology involving an extensive literature review, analysis of case studies, assessment of user experience, and evaluation of NIF Global Nagpur premises, it was established that certain environmental elements such as lighting, ventilation, and vegetation are instrumental in improving user experiences and comfort. The study then provides interpretations of the results to develop suggestions for spatial improvements in context. Findings from the study suggest that even small interventions that consider the aspects of biophilic design principles may have a positive effect on user experiences by increasing comfort and fostering creativity.

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Biophilic Design, Studio-Based Learning, Spatial Quality, Green Integration, Ventilation, User Experience.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Terracotta is among the ancient building materials known to mankind since time immemorial, having been used in pottery, floors, roofs, walls, and decorative elements. Although terracotta is an old but relevant architectural material, it is mostly sidelined in contemporary interior designs due to its preference for industrialized materials such as vitrified tiles, laminates, engineered wood, and artificial wall finishes. This study revisits terracotta as a relevant, sustainable, and adaptive material for current interior uses. This study considers terracotta from historical, material, perceptual, case-study, and application viewpoints, paying attention to its thermal properties, tactile feel, sustainability aspects, artisan value, and spatial experiences. Terracotta is also evaluated as a material that could be explored further as a module of tiles, acoustic panels, partitions, feature walls, lighting solutions, and furniture pieces. From findings, terracotta demonstrates high climatic adaptability and visual warmth qualities, in addition to numerous sustainability strengths. Nevertheless, maintenance Challenges, lack of knowledge, and outdated perceptions are some of the factors that restrict the extensive use of terracotta.

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Terracotta, Sustainable Interiors, Clay Material, Contemporary Design, Natural Finishes, Interior Applications.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne viral disease that has become a major public health concern in tropical and subtropical regions. The absence of specific antiviral therapy has increased the demand for alternative and supportive treatments using herbal medicines. The present study focuses on the formulation and evaluation of a herbal papaya syrup prepared from Carica papaya leaf extract for supportive management of dengue fever. Papaya leaves are rich in phytoconstituents such as flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, and enzymes which are reported to possess immunomodulatory, antioxidant, and platelet-enhancing activities. The papaya leaves were collected, shade dried, powdered, and extracted using water under controlled conditions. The prepared extract was formulated into syrup using sugar syrup as a base along with Vitamin B12, selenium, sodium benzoate, and distilled water. The formulated syrup was evaluated for various physicochemical parameters including visual appearance, aroma, taste, pH, solubility, refractive index, viscosity, and physical stability. The results showed that the syrup possessed a uniform greenish appearance, pleasant aroma, acceptable sweetness, and good palatability. The pH of the formulation was found within the acceptable range of 6-7, indicating suitability for oral administration. The syrup exhibited good solubility, appropriate refractive index, and satisfactory viscosity. Stability studies indicated absence of crystallization, microbial growth, or phase separation. The study concludes that the formulated herbal papaya syrup possesses satisfactory pharmaceutical properties and may serve as a supportive herbal formulation for dengue patients. Further pharmacological and clinical studies are required to establish its therapeutic efficacy and safety on a larger scale.

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Preparation and Evaluation of Polyherbal Anti-Dengue Syrup using Carica Papaya Leaf

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As discussions on women's reservation continue, it's important to understand the perspectives of people in education, especially teacher educators. Many studies on gender focus mainly on teachers and students, but very few focus on teacher educators. The objective of this study is to examine the awareness and attitudes of teacher educators regarding the women's reservation with reference to the Women's Reservation Act, 2023. Data was collected from teacher educators across Delhi NCR using a descriptive survey method. A structured questionnaire using a five-point Likert scale (strongly disagree to strongly agree) was employed, and convenience sampling was used to collect responses from 46 teacher educators through Google Form. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. To understand the distribution of responses, percentages were calculated. The findings reveal a good level of general awareness among the teacher educators. But they do not show uniformity in their understanding of key aspects, such as details of the implementation process and factual awareness of the percentage of seats reserved for women. Also, teacher educators showed positive attitudes toward the women's reservation, as it may promote inclusivity and gender equality. Although they critically reflect on the effectiveness of the reservation policy, they argue that the women's reservation policy alone may not address deeper social inequalities. The study suggests policy-related discussions in educational settings to raise awareness among teachers and students. They can play a role in addressing social issues by adopting a positive attitude towards reducing social inequalities.

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 Keywords

Women's Reservation, Awareness, Attitudes, Teacher Educators, Gender Equality, Political Participation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Safe and independent navigation remains a major challenge for visually impaired individuals, particularly in crowded and unfamiliar environments. Traditional assistive tools such as white canes provide limited environmental awareness and are unable to detect obstacles beyond short distances. To overcome these limitations, this research proposes a phone camera-based deep learning navigation assistance system designed to support visually impaired people through real-time obstacle detection and intelligent audio guidance. The proposed system utilizes the built-in smartphone camera to continuously capture live environmental data. A YOLOv8-based deep learning model is employed to detect navigation-related objects such as pedestrians, vehicles, doors, stairs, and other obstacles in real time. The detected objects are analyzed according to their position and relative distance from the user. Based on this analysis, the system generates immediate voice instructions using text-to-speech technology, enabling users to navigate safely without relying on visual input. The smartphone-based implementation eliminates the need for expensive external hardware, making the system portable, affordable, and suitable for everyday use. Additional features such as GPS support, low-light enhancement, and emergency assistance further improve user safety and usability in different environments. Experimental evaluation demonstrates that the proposed system achieves reliable object detection accuracy with low response time and real-time processing performance on smartphone devices. The study highlights the effectiveness of combining deep learning, computer vision, and smartphone technology to improve mobility, independence, and environmental awareness for visually impaired individuals.

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Deep Learning, Visual Impairment, Object Detection, YOLOv8, Computer Vision, Smartphone Navigation, Assistive Technology, Audio Guidance, Real-Time Navigation, Artificial Intelligence

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Photovoltaic cooling; Nanofluid thin film; TiO?/water nanofluid; SiO?/water nanofluid; Thermal management; PV efficiency; Bibliometric analysis; Renewable energy

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Bael (Aegle marmelos) fruit has been traditionally employed for gastrointestinal ailments owing to its mucilage, pectin, and polyphenolic constituents, which confer gastroprotective, antiulcer, and antioxidant activities. These characteristics point to a possible combination with antacid excipients in a lozenge delivery method for the symptomatic treatment of heartburn and acid-related dyspepsia. In addition to pharmaceutical approaches for creating sugar-based or sugar-free compressed and molded lozenges that incorporate alkaline agents (such as calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, or sodium bicarbonate) and saliva-stimulating flavor systems to improve acid neutralization and mucosal coating, this mini-review summarizes research on the phytochemical basis and gastrointestinal (GI)-relevant pharmacology of bael fruit powder (BFP). BFP granulometry and load, antacid system selection and ratio, flavors and sweeteners for palatability, binding and film-forming agents to maximize hardness and suck-away time, and process choices (low-heat molding versus direct compression) to protect heat-sensitive phytoconstituents are important formulation considerations. Uniformity of dose, friability, hardness, disintegration/suck time, in vitro acid-neutralizing capacity (ANC), salivary pH regulation in a simulated buccal model, and stability of actives with moisture-protective packaging are all included in a suggested quality target product profile (QTPP).

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 Keywords

Antacid formulation, Hyperacidity, Calcium carbonate, Aegle marmelos, bael fruit powder, Lozenges.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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MSMEs are important to a country's development. MSMEs provide a significant contribution to the GDP of the Indian economy. Additionally, it contributes to the nation's job creation. MSMEs are an essential national pillar. As of December 4, 2023, there were around 3.16 crore MSMEs registered on the MSME portal. To help MSMEs survive and grow, the Indian government has implemented a number of initiatives. Digital transformation is currently at a revolutionary stage for businesses across. Digital transformation refers to the ongoing integration of digital technology, which has a positive impact on company processes, strategy, and performance. This study aims to provide an outline of the digital transformation of the Indian economy including the MSME sector's involvement. Businesses must overcome numerous obstacles in order to compete in the global market. Global technological advancements have made it necessary for Indian enterprises to adopt cutting-edge technologies in order to compete with developed nations. The MSME will play a significant role in achieving the developed nation platform. The goal of the Indian government's "Viksit Bharat" initiative is to make India a developed country by 2047. This vision is presented for India's 100th anniversary of freedom. The goal of "Viksit Bharat" is to establish a wealthy India that is in peace with nature, has modern infrastructure, and offers chances for all residents and regions to realise their potential. This vision encompasses economic, social, environmental, and governance development. This essay will discuss the reasons why the Indian government views MSMEs as the backbone of the country's economy. Additionally, it emphasizes how MSME may help realize the 2047 vision. This essay will concentrate on the reasons MSMEs are regarded as Bharat's backbone and why it is anticipated that they would make a substantial contribution to the "Viksit Bharat" vision. This study will look at how digitalisation affects MSMEs' decision-making, performance, and operational efficiency. It will emphasize how MSMEs must integrate sustainability and digitalisation to thrive in a cutthroat market. The nature of this investigation is qualitative. The information is gathered from a variety of publications, research papers, government studies, MSME annual reports, and other sources. A conclusion and a list of recommendations are included in the finding.

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 Keywords

Economy, Development, Sustainability, MSME, and Digitalisation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition