Volume 14 | Issue 5 |

 Abstract

With the goal of enhancing effectiveness, transparency, and revenue performance, the GST is a significant change to India's indirect taxation structure. By contrasting Period before GST and Period after GST periods, the current study investigates the effects of GST on tax income and compliance behaviour. Secondary time-series data spanning 10 years--five years prior to and five years following the introduction of GST--are the basis for the analysis. Karl Pearson's correlation coefficient, an independent sample t-test, and comparative analysis are all used in this descriptive and analytical study. The t-test confirms that there was a large rise in tax collections during the Period after GST period. Additionally, correlation research shows a strong positive association between revenue and the number of registered taxpayers in both periods, with increased efficacy noted following the introduction of the GST. The results indicate that through a larger taxpayer base and better administrative procedures, GST has increased revenue generation and reinforced tax compliance. The study comes to the conclusion that GST has improved India's tax system's efficiency, but ongoing enhancements are needed to maintain long-term gains.

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 Keywords

GST, Tax Revenue, Tax Compliance, Indirect Taxation, Comparative Analysis, t-Test, Correlation Analysis

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Urinary tract infection, Pregnancy, Antenatal women, Perineal hygiene, Behavioral factors, Fluid intake

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Herbal cosmetics are gaining popularity because more people want safe and natural skincare products. This study focuses on making and testing a herbal face pack using plant-based ingredients that have been known for their healing properties for a long time. Natural remedies are becoming more popular because many people believe they are safer and have fewer side effects compared to synthetic options. There is an increasing demand for herbal products in the global market. Herbal face packs or masks help boost blood circulation, refresh the skin's muscles, maintain skin elasticity, and clean out dirt from pores. This project aims to create and test a cosmetic herbal face pack suitable for all skin types using natural ingredients in different amounts. The three formulations will include various local ingredients like sandalwood powder, orange peel powder, green tea, raktachandan, aloe powder, haridra, methi powder, and multani mitti. We prepared and tested face packs based on different factors such as color, look, thickness, how easily they wash off, pH level, bulk density, tapped density, total ash content, acid-insoluble ash, particle size, and their ability to fight germs. The herbal anti-acne formula includes a hydro-alcoholic extract made from neem leaves (Azadirachta indica) and nutmeg fruits (Myristica fragrans).

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Cosmetic, Herbal formulation, Evaluation, Skincare, Face pack, Skin, Ingredients, Natural remedy.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In the contemporary automotive manufacturing landscape, the effectiveness of outbound logistics has emerged as a critical determinant of operational continuity, customer satisfaction, and overall supply chain competitiveness. This study investigates the underlying causes of dispatch delays and process inefficiencies in domestic outbound logistics operations with specific reference to Uno Minda Seating Division, Hosur. The research systematically examines key operational variables including inventory mismatch, delayed system posting, documentation discrepancies, vehicle placement constraints, dispatch planning deficiencies, and interdepartmental coordination gaps that adversely affect delivery performance. Primary data for the study were collected from 75 respondents representing Warehouse, PPC, Production, Quality, and Logistics functions through a structured questionnaire. The collected data were analysed using Percentage Analysis, Chi-Square Test, and Correlation Analysis to derive meaningful managerial insights. The findings indicate that inventory inaccuracy and posting delays constitute the most significant contributors to dispatch inefficiency, while documentation lapses and inadequate transport coordination further intensify delivery disruptions. The Chi-Square analysis establishes a statistically significant relationship between inventory mismatch and dispatch delays, whereas correlation results reveal a strong positive association between interdepartmental communication and dispatch planning effectiveness. The study underscores the strategic importance of real-time inventory visibility, standardized operating procedures, integrated functional coordination, and proactive transport planning in improving logistics responsiveness. It concludes that the systematic elimination of process gaps and reduction of dispatch delays can substantially enhance operational efficiency, delivery reliability, and long-term competitive advantage for Uno Minda Seating Division.

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Keywords: Outbound Logistics, Dispatch Delays, Inventory Accuracy, Process Gaps, Supply Chain Efficiency, Automotive Industry

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 Abstract

AskSQL is an AI-powered Text-to-SQL system that enables users to interact with relational databases using natural language queries. The system eliminates the need for SQL knowledge by converting user input into executable SQL statements using a locally hosted Large Language Model through Ollama. It follows an agentic pipeline consisting of schema retrieval, SQL generation, validation, execution, and explanation. Security is ensured by allowing only SELECT queries and blocking harmful operations. The system operates fully offline, ensuring privacy, reduced cost, and faster response time. Experimental results demonstrate accurate query generation and efficient performance.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Text-to-SQL, LLM, Ollama, PostgreSQL, FastAPI, NLP

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Zahir-ud-Din Muhammad Babur (1483-1530), a Central Asian prince of Timurid descent, is best known as the founder of the Mughal Empire in India. Before seizing Hindust?n (as he called the Indian subcontinent), Babur spent his youth fighting to hold or regain his ancestral lands in Fergh?n? and Samarkand. Eventually driven out by the rise of the Uzbek Shaibanids, he conquered Kabul in 1504 and reigned there for two decades. In 1526, Babur defeated the Delhi Sultan Ibrahim Lodi at Panipat and established himself as ruler of northern India. Throughout these tumultuous campaigns, Babur kept a detailed diary in his native Chagatai Turki language. This memoir, later known as the Baburnama (or Tuzk-e-Babri), offers an intimate first-person narrative of his life and conquests, including vivid observations on India. Translated into English by Beveridge in the early 20th century, the Baburnama remains an invaluable primary source for understanding the man behind the conquests and his perceptions of the newly conquered land. Babur's account of Hindust?n is especially intriguing as a foreign outsider's lens on India during the early 16th century. Unlike indigenous chronicles, the Baburnama provides a candid, if heavily biased, commentary by a Central Asian Muslim king looking upon Indian society, geography, and polity with fresh eyes. This study examines Babur's perception of India as documented in the Baburnama, with a particular focus on how he justified the conquest and portrayed the land and its inhabitants. We will analyze Babur's own words to understand his motivations for invading Hindustan, his descriptive "idea of Hindustan" (both its beauties and defects), and the religious-racial ideology under-girding his narrative. We will also assess how Babur depicts his Indian adversaries (Lodi Afghans, Rajput kings, etc.) and consider what is omitted or glossed over in his telling. We shall arrive at an informed assessment of Babur's personality and ideological orientation as revealed in the Baburnama, and reflect on what his view of "Hindustan" tells us about the nature of conquest, memory-making, and power in early modern Asia.

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 Keywords

Babur; Baburnama; Tuzk-e-Babri; Mughal Empire; Beveridge; Medieval History

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Mandala art is a type of art which is mostly made in circular form using patterns. It has been used from a long time in Indian and Buddhist culture. Earlier it had more spiritual meaning but now it is also used in design and fashion. In this paper I am writing about what mandala art is, where it comes from and how it is used today. It also includes how it helps in relaxation and focus.

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Mandala art, circular patterns, symmetry, traditional art, meditation, design, patterns

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

BACKGROUND: Women with Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause often face multiple problems such as vaginal dryness, irritation, reduced lubrication, loss of elasticity, pain during intercourse, and urinary symptoms like urgency and frequency. This can lead to discomfort in daily activities, reduced confidence, and poor quality of life. The aim of the study was to find the effect of combined pelvic floor and hip muscle strengthening on vaginal health and quality of life among women with genitourinary syndrome of menopause. METHODOLOGY: It was an experimental study which includes 20 random samples. The subjects were divided into two groups (A and B), with each group consisting of 10 samples. Group A received pelvic floor muscle strengthening along with hip muscle strengthening exercises for 2 sessions per week for 6 weeks. Group B received regular physiotherapy management for 2 sessions per week for 6 weeks. OUTCOME MEASURE: Vaginal health was measured using the Vaginal Health Index (VHI), and quality of life was assessed using the Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (MENQOL). RESULT: On comparing the mean values of Group-A and Group-B on Vaginal Health Index (VHI) and Menopause Quality of Life (MENQOL), both groups showed a highly significant improvement in the post-test mean values. However, GROUP-A shows higher mean value in VHI (21.45) and MENQOL (56.80), indicating better improvement and is more effective than GROUP-B (13.30, 99.90) at P <= 0.001. Hence, the null hypothesis is rejected. CONCLUSION: The present study concludes that both GROUP-A and GROUP-B showed improvement in Vaginal Health Index (VHI) and Menopause Quality of Life (MENQOL). However, Group-A showed greater improvement compared to Group-B. Thus, combined pelvic floor and hip muscle strengthening is more effective.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Menopause, pelvic floor muscle, hip muscle, quality of life, Vaginal health

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) has emerged as a critical discipline shaping how people engage with digital technologies in an increasingly interconnected world. This paper examines the multifaceted role of HCI in modern software systems, exploring how effective interface design, usability principles, and user-centered methodologies directly influence system adoption, productivity, and user satisfaction. Through systematic analysis of established HCI frameworks, contemporary design paradigms, and empirical case studies across diverse application domains, this research identifies core principles that distinguish successful interactive systems from those that fail to meet user needs. The study investigates fundamental HCI concepts including cognitive load theory, affordance design, feedback mechanisms, accessibility standards, and responsive interface adaptation. Findings demonstrate that organizations prioritizing HCI principles during software development achieve measurably higher user engagement, reduced training costs, lower error rates, and improved task completion times compared to systems developed without systematic user-centered design. The paper concludes with practical recommendations for integrating HCI practices into software development lifecycles and identifies emerging trends including voice interfaces, gesture recognition, augmented reality, and adaptive AI-driven personalization as the next frontier of human-computer interaction.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Human-Computer Interaction, User Interface Design, Usability, User Experience, Accessibility, Cognitive Load, User-Centered Design, Interaction Design, Interface Evaluation, HCI Principles.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Food bank plays a crucial role in addressing hunger and supporting needy population. This research presents the design and implementation of ShareBite, a web-based application. It acts as a bridge between surplus food sources and with those who can distribute it or need it. It has a dual feature system that provides access to both donors and receivers. This app-based application includes several key technical features that make food donation simple and fast. One of the most important parts is the location tracker. This tool calculates the exact distance and travel time between the person giving the food and the one receiving the food. There is a social impact dashboard within the app. This section visually demonstrates the positive impact that the platform provides. It demonstrates the number of meals donated and people who have been helped.. By using these real-time tools, Share Bite removes the common delays in food rescue. This project proves that using simple digital tools can help communities work together much better to fight hunger.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Donor-Receiver Platform, Location tracker, calculates the exact distance

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition