Volume 14 | Issue 5 |

 Abstract

Children represent one of the most vulnerable sections of society, and increasing crimes against them pose serious social and developmental challenges in India. This study explores trends and regional differences in crimes against children across 28 Indian states from 2013 to 2023. Crimes against children are divided into three major categories: violent crimes, sexual exploitation and trafficking, and other indirect or socially embedded crimes. The analysis uses Year-to-Year (Y-O-Y) growth rates and Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) to examine short-term variations and long-term trends. The results reveal that the pattern of crimes against children has changed considerably over the years, with trafficking and sexual exploitation showing a sharp increase in several states. At the same time, indirect forms of abuse, including neglect and cyber-related victimization, have also grown steadily. Significant interstate disparities are observed, indicating that socio-economic inequality, poverty, migration, lack of awareness, and weak institutional mechanisms continue to influence child vulnerability. While some states performed relatively better in controlling these crimes, others experienced persistent increases throughout the study period. The study stresses the importance of strengthening child protection policies, improving awareness, and adopting state-specific strategies to reduce crimes against children in India.

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 Keywords

Crimes Against Children, State Disparities, Child Safety, Sexual Offenses, Trafficking, Regional Analysis

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Marble processing industries generate substantial quantities of slurry and fine particulate matter during cutting, grinding, and polishing operations. These wastes are often regarded as chemically inert; however, growing evidence indicates that they actively influence the geochemical behaviour and environmental mobility of heavy metals. The present study evaluates the chemical behaviour, transformation mechanisms, and environmental fate of key heavy metals -- chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), arsenic (As), and mercury (Hg) -- associated with marble processing activities in the Jabalpur Division, Central India. A comprehensive environmental assessment was conducted through systematic sampling of marble slurry, airborne particulate matter (PM?? and PM?.?), soil, and groundwater from major processing zones. Heavy metal concentrations were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) following standard acid digestion protocols. The geochemical framework of the study area is dominated by carbonate-rich systems, where dissolution of calcium carbonate (CaCO?) produces alkaline conditions (pH 8.2-9.5). These alkaline environments significantly influence metal speciation, solubility, adsorption desorption equilibria, and redox transformations. The results reveal that chromium exhibits high mobility under alkaline conditions due to the predominance of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] in the form of soluble chromate ions, posing a significant risk to groundwater quality. In contrast, lead and cadmium are largely immobilized through the formation of stable carbonate and hydroxide precipitates, although periodic changes in pH and redox conditions may trigger their remobilization. Nickel shows a strong association with fine airborne particulates, indicating that atmospheric transport is a major pathway for its dispersion and human exposure. Arsenic and mercury demonstrate complex redox-dependent transformations, with mercury undergoing potential methylation and arsenic exhibiting variable mobility depending on oxidation state. The study further highlights the role of marble slurry as a reactive geochemical medium that regulates heavy metal distribution through buffering capacity, mineral precipitation, surface complexation, and redox interactions. These findings challenge the conventional perception of marble waste as inert and emphasize its active role in contaminant dynamics. The research underscores the need for effective waste management strategies, continuous environmental monitoring, and regulatory interventions to mitigate long-term ecological and human health risks associated with marble processing activities.

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 Keywords

Transformation Mechanisms, Adsorption desorption equilibria, Redox transformations,

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Eka Kushta is a form of Kshudra Kushta that resembles psoriasis in its clinical presentations and is primarily caused by an imbalance of the Vata and Kapha Doshas. Round plaques covered in silvery scales and erythematous, clearly delineated papules are the clinical features of psoriasis, an immune-mediated illness. The elbows, scalp, knees, and gluteal cleft are the most often affected locations. Ayurveda describes a number of therapy methods, including Shamana and Shodana, for managing Eka kushta. As a result, in the current case study, an 10 -year-old boy who presented to the Kaumarabhritya Out Patient Department with elbow, knee, hand, and foot symptoms of Eka kushta was treated with internal medication (Shamana chikitsa) and Shodana chikitsa(virechana).

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Ayurveda, Ekakustha, Psoriasis, shaman chikitsa, shodhan chikitsa

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This study presents a Dual Mode Intelligent Assistant System designed to provide hands-free human-computer interaction using voice recognition and EMG-based neuro-control techniques. The proposed system enables users to control computer operations through two independent modes: Voice Mode and Neuro Mode. The Voice Mode allows users to perform tasks using speech commands, while the Neuro Mode utilizes facial Electromyography (EMG) signals, eye movement tracking and blink detection for cursor control and navigation. The system supports various operations including mouse movement, clicking, scrolling, typing and application launching without the need for conventional input devices such as a keyboard or mouse. EMG signals acquired from facial muscle activity are processed using machine learning algorithms to improve classification accuracy and system stability. The integration of multimodal interaction methods enhances accessibility, usability and flexibility especially for users with limited physical mobility. The proposed system offers a low-cost, portable, and efficient assistive technology solution for advanced human-computer interaction applications.

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EMG (Electroencephalography) signal, Brain Computer Interface (BCI), Voice Mode, Human Computer Interaction (HCI).

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Asthma is a heterogeneous, complex, chronic respiratory disorder, which is marked by variable obstructions of airflow, hyperresponsiveness of the airways, and the presence of persistent inflammation, which changes considerably in the lifespan. Its pathogenesis is complex with genetic predisposition, immune deregulation, and exposure to the environment, resulting in varying clinical phenotypes and endotypes. The purpose of the study is to combine the existing information on immunopathology of asthma, environmental allergens, and specific treatment approaches into an overall systems-based approach. The evidence-based approach adopted is a systems-oriented integrative review that will synthesize the recent literature on the subject, which concentrates on the molecular pathways, environmental determinants, and specific treatment modalities. The discussion identifies the presence of immune processes including Th2-mediated inflammation, cytokines signaling, and airway remodeling and the effects of environmental influences including allergens, pollution, and lifestyle factors. Moreover, the developments of precision medicine, such as biologic therapies and biomarker-based interventions are discussed in terms of their ability to positively influence disease outcomes. The results indicate that the endotype-driven and phenotype-specific therapeutic interventions can be of great benefit in asthma treatment. Finally, personalized and lifecycle-based approach is the key to optimizing the management of asthma, enhancing patient outcomes, and managing the variability of this complex disease.

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Asthma; Immunopathology; Environmental Triggers; Precision Medicine; Phenotypes; Endotypes; Systems Biology

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Digital Banking has transformed the banking sector by providing customers with fast, secure, and convenient financial services through digital platforms. It significantly impacts customer satisfaction by improving accessibility, reducing transaction time, and enhancing the overall banking experience through personalized and efficient services.

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Digital BankingCustomer SatisfactionService QualityFinancial Technology (FinTech).

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This paper will look at how the use of Theatre in Education (TIE) can be applied in secondary schools in Delhi based on the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020. Although the policy promotes the inclusion of experiential and arts based learning, its institutional implementation is still disproportional. The study applies an interdisciplinary paradigm of integrating critical pedagogy, applied theatre, experiential learning, and policy implementation theory in order to examine the level of stakeholder awareness, institutional practices, and the perceptions. Surveys were conducted on students, teachers, parents, and theatre practitioners of the city of Delhi to collect primary data. The results also show high perceived benefits of theatre-based pedagogy, especially in the improvement of communication, confidence, and socio-emotional learning. Nevertheless, there are still important implementation gaps that can be attributed to academic pressure, insufficient training of teachers, ineffective infrastructure and insufficient policy clarity. The analysis finds that the integration of theatre can be symbolic and not systematic. It concludes that policy practice gaps will be bridged only through organized curricular structures, institutional back up and sustained capacity building exercises

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Theatre in education, NEP 2020, experiential learning, arts-integrated learning, policy implementation, secondary education, Delhi.

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6.2 CLASS DIAGRAM The provided class diagram illustrates the core components and workflow of a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for image classification. The process begins with a dataset, divided into training and new data sets. The training data is fed into the CNN algorithm, which learns to recognize patterns and features within the images. This learning process results in the creation of a CNN model. When new data isintroduced, the trained CNN model processes it, extracting features and assigning class labels based on its learned knowledge. Ultimately, the predicted outcome, or classification, is generated for each new image, demonstrating the model's ability to accurately categorize unseen data. The provided class diagram outlines the fundamental steps involved in training and utilizing a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for image classification. The training dataset serves as the foundation for the CNN algorithm to learn intricate patterns and features within images. Once trained, the CNN model becomes adept at classifying new images by accurately assigning them to appropriate categories. This process showcases the power of CNNs in extracting meaningful information from visual data and making informed decisions based on learned patterns.

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6.2 CLASS DIAGRAM The provided class diagram illustrates the core components and workflow of a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for image classification. The process begins with a dataset, divided into training and new data sets. The training data is fed into the CNN algorithm, which learns to recognize patterns and features within the images. This learning process results in the creation of a CNN model. When new data isintroduced, the trained CNN model processes it, extracting features a

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Creating a single platform for managing Club and Event Activities on College Campuses is one of the primary goals of transforming colleges into digital institutions. Many colleges still use outdated manual methods for managing events which can lead to unorganized, disjointed systems to create, approve and track events. This survey will provide information about current systems available in the marketplace to Colleges and Universities utilizing automated event and club management systems, focusing on architecture / functionality/ scalability/limitations of various systems. This evaluation will also look at existing systems that utilize Role Based Access Control, Real Time Notification Systems, Automated Approval Process' and database driven Event Participation Tracking Mechanisms [1],[2],[4],[9],[10]. Based on our evaluation, we will also outline how modular each of these systems are; strategies to provide users with engaging experiences; and difficulties in integrating these systems within current College and University infrastructure. Additionally, we will focus on the benefits of having a single dashboard for Students, Club Leaders and Administrators to increase the transparency and efficiency of operations on college campuses. Our contributions include A Classifying System for Existing Systems; A Comparative Analysis of Implementation Techniques; A Verification of Research Gaps; Recognition of New Trends Such as Artificial Intelligence Driven Personalization [3],[8]; and Enhancement of Physical Security Solutions. Ultimately, through this research, we will provide higher education professionals with knowledge about the current state and future direction of centralized platforms for communicating campus information and managing campus events effectively.

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Campus Event Management System, Web-Based Application, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), Automated Event Approval Workflow, Real-Time Notification System, College Club Management, RESTful API Architecture, Database-Driven Participation Management

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ABSTRACT: Students today handle large volumes of academic material such as PDFs, handwritten notes, assignments, and reference documents, which are often scattered across different folders and applications. Locating specific information inside large files becomes extremely time-consuming, especially during exam preparation. The lack of a unified system for organizing study resources and extracting relevant content creates unnecessary stress and reduces productivity. To address this challenge, this project introduces SmartStudy, an intelligent mobile application designed to organize subject-wise study materials and provide accurate responses based solely on the user's uploaded documents.SmartStudy allows students to select a subject and upload all related PDFs, notes, and assignments into a dedicated space. These materials are permanently stored within the application, ensuring that even if the original files are deleted from the device, they remain safely accessible. The system processes the uploaded content, separates topics automatically, and enables quick access through an AI-powered search feature. Users can simply type any question or keyword, and the app generates precise answers, summaries, or key points derived strictly from their own study materials. This ensures information that aligns with the student's syllabus, teacher instructions, and institutional requirements.By integrating document organization, topic extraction, intelligent search, and persistent storage, SmartStudy transforms scattered resources into a structured, easy-to-use digital learning system. The app reduces the time students spend searching through files and significantly enhances study efficiency. This project provides a practical and innovative solution to a real academic problem, making SmartStudy a reliable digital companion for students preparing for exams and assignments.

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 Keywords

Keywords:SmartStudy, Mobile Application, PDF Extraction, Intelligent Search, Topic Segmentation, AI-Based Learning, Multilingual Support, Academic Assistance System.

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