Volume 13 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

The Pradhan Mantri Yojana (PMY) encompasses a series of visionary welfare schemes launched by the Government of India under the leadership of the Prime Minister to address critical socio-economic challenges and promote inclusive growth. These schemes are designed to uplift various sections of society, particularly the poor, marginalized, and underprivileged, by providing them with access to basic necessities, financial support, and opportunities for self-reliance. A few of the major initiatives under this umbrella include the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY), which promotes financial inclusion by offering banking services to the unbanked population; India accounts for about 20% of the global count of those living on less than 1$ a person per day, so that what happen in india only a reflection of world wide trends, one of there major determinants. Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY), which ensures clean cooking fuel access to below poverty line households; and Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN), offering direct income support to farmers to ease their financial burden. Ayushman Bharat - Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY) aims at providing health insurance coverage to economically vulnerable families. The holistic approach of these schemes reflects the government's commitment to "Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas, Sabka Vishwas." These programs not only enhance the standard of living but also contribute to national development by empowering citizens through financial, social, and infrastructural support.

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 Keywords

Pradhan mantri awas yojana, rural development, housing scheme, Indra Awas Yojana

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract: Due to the growing acceptance of cloud computing, both consumers and businesses are quickly adopting cloud services for a variety of purposes. The primary driver behind this change is the abundance of advantages that cloud services offer, like cheap prices, processing power, and online storage. One of the key ideas when discussing storage devices, which serve as the foundation of the cloud infrastructure, is data recovery. Customers' private or confidential data can be recovered via data recovery techniques by someone who has access to such servers or devices, even after the customers have erased it from the cloud. Users' privacy is compromised and there is a security risk when such data is rebuilt. From the user's perspective, the data has already been removed from the cloud, but they are unaware that somebody else has access to it even after they have gained access. In this research, we investigate the potential security risk associated with users using data recovery tools on cloud servers after they have erased their data. Rename is a straightforward technique that we have suggested be used to solve this issue.

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Keywords: Cloud computing, Data recovery, Data security, Security issues, Cloud reconstruction

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Water assets are fundamental for supporting life, farming, businesses, and environments. Be that as it may, the developing weights of expanding populace, fast urbanization, and climate alter are straining the existing water framework. Precise determining of future water requests and a comprehensive evaluation of store capacity capacities are pivotal for successful water administration. Without these experiences, choice producers battle to arrange for maintainable advancement and relieve the dangers related with water shortage and extraordinary climate occasions. This venture centers on creating a prescient model that coordinating authentic information, climate projections, populace development patterns, and agrarian hones to figure future water necessities. It too assesses the supply capacity capacities and distinguishes potential holes and related dangers. By leveraging progressed information analytics and machine learning methods, this framework gives noteworthy experiences for policymakers, empowering proactive arranging and productive water asset administration. The Prescient Demonstrate for Water Emergency Administration particularly addresses challenges, such as extraordinary dry spells, wasteful supply administration, and eccentric climate designs. By combining vigorous data-driven strategies and user-friendly devices, the demonstrate points to guarantee feasible and strong water-management hones.

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 Keywords

Water requirement, ARIMA Model, Machine Learning, water capacity, LSTM, future water requirement

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

What draws customers to a particular website includes aspects like the overall shopping experience--ranging from the site's layout and design to the variety of products offered, pricing, shipping methods, delivery costs, and how quickly items arrive. When it comes to switching between websites, key factors that influence this decision include the cost of products, delivery speed, shipping fees, and the availability of product options. While dissatisfaction with product quality does have some influence, its impact is relatively mild. This research, based on feedback from online shoppers, sheds light on the critical elements that shape customer satisfaction and loyalty in the digital shopping space. Such insights can be invaluable for e-commerce businesses looking to refine their customer experience and strengthen shopper retention.

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 Keywords

E-Commerce, Consumer Engagement

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In the fast-developing country, people are facing many accidents; it would be undesirable for any nation to lose their life for an unwanted cause. Railways are one of the important transports in India. There is a need for manual checking to detect the crack on railway track and railway personnel always take care of this issue, even though the inspection is made regularly. Sometimes the crack may go unnoticed. Because of this the train accident or derailment may occur. Inorder to avoid this situation and automate the railway crack detection has been proposed. Here IR sensor is used to detect the crack in the railway track and detect the obstacle presence in the track. This project pertains to a process for monitoring the condition of rail on train tracks and more specifically has the object of the identification of defects detected by IR sensors on the tracks to be checked to allow maintenance crews to subsequently find these defects. All the components will be manufactured and the assembled together. After making the assembly, the experimental testing will be carried out. After the testing, the result and conclusion will be carried out.

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TRAIN TRACK OBSTACLE DETECTOR USING IR SENSOR

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The demand for lightweight, high-strength, and wear-resistant materials in industries such as automotive, aerospace, and defense has driven the development of aluminum metal matrix composites (AMMCs). This study focuses on the fabrication and tribo-mechanical analysis of Al6061 reinforced with titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles using the powder metallurgy technique. Composites with 0%, 2%, 4%, and 6% TiO2 weight fractions were synthesized and evaluated for tensile strength, compressive strength, hardness, and sliding wear behavior. The results indicate that the addition of 4% TiO2 significantly enhances mechanical properties, including a 19% increase in tensile strength, 25% increase in compressive strength, and 36% increase in hardness compared to pure Al6061. Sliding wear tests conducted using a pin-on-disc tester revealed that the 4% TiO2 composite exhibited the lowest wear rate and a high coefficient of friction (COF) of 0.35-0.45, outperforming existing brake pad materials by approximately 26% in wear resistance and 21% in COF. Finite element analysis (FEA) corroborated experimental findings, validating the structural integrity of the composites. The study highlights the potential of Al6061-TiO2 composites for high-temperature wear-resistant applications, such as automotive brake pads.

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Aluminum Metal Matrix Composites, TiO2 Reinforcement, Powder Metallurgy, Tribo-Mechanical Properties, Brake Pads

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Cosmetics play a vital role for everyone to have a joyful and sanguine life. In present scenario herbal cosmeceuticals have more demand because they have no side effects. People having oily skin suffer from acne, whiteheads and blackheads quite often so scrubbing become more essential. In our present study we formulated scrub in gel form for oily skin by using custard apple seed powder, sugar, turmeric powder, glycerine, aloevera gel, methyl paraben, citric acid and evaluated by using various parameters such as physical appearance, viscosity, pH, spreadability , irritability, washability, stability studies and got fruitful results with all the tests.

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Custard apple seed powder, facial scrub, natural exfoliant, skincare, Herbal scrub

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The paper examines how American rap music promoted cultural exchange with India in the context of globalization and the digital revolution. Since it arrived in the Bronx in the 1970s, rap music has become a global cultural force, transcending geographical, linguistic, and cultural boundaries. This study examines how American rap's subject, style, and cultural representations have influenced and intersected Indian music, identity, and social comments since 2014. It highlights the growth of the hip-hop underground movement from India. This study embraces an interdisciplinary approach that combines cultural studies, music, and international relations and analyzes the impact of American rap on Indian popular culture. Research into the main themes includes the movement of Gully Rap, the Bollywood film Gully Boy (2019), and the contributions of artists such as Naezi's Raja Kumari, who embody the fusion of American and Indian musical traditions. In this study, platforms such as YouTube, Spotify, and social networks served as channels for this cultural exchange that allows for the distribution and location of rap music in India. Research indicates that American rap has functioned as a source of motivation and a means for Indian artists to express their socio-political situations. Although the themes of marginalization, resistance, and urban existence are prevalent in both cultures, Indian rap enriches these stories by incorporating native languages, traditions, and local issues. The study also highlights the challenges of this cultural exchange, including debates around authenticity, commercialization, and the adaptation of a historically African-American art form in a diverse Indian context. This study contributes to the growing body of literature on global hip-hop culture and underscores the role of American rap music as a significant vehicle for cross-cultural dialogue, creativity, and identity formation in a rapidly globalizing world. According to this trip from American streets to Indian musical landscapes, this study illuminates rap's transformational power in combining culture and contributions to new artistic expression.

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 Keywords

American Rap Music, Indian Hip-Hop, Cultural Exchange, Youth Culture, Media & Technology

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In the digital age, online shopping has emerged as a fundamental pillar of the global economy, transforming traditional commerce models and enhancing accessibility for consumers. This study aims to establish a comprehensive theoretical framework for understanding the evolution, significance, and impact of e-commerce, with a particular focus on AI-driven negotiation techniques. Consumer behavior in online shopping is influenced by factors such as convenience, product variety, accessibility, and social interactions. However, several challenges persist, including security risks, fraudulent transactions, and inefficient dispute resolution. This research explores how artificial intelligence (AI)-driven negotiation algorithms can optimize pricing models, refine product recommendations, and enhance customer satisfaction by ensuring fair pricing and seamless transactions. AI-driven automation not only mitigates existing e-commerce challenges but also strengthens digital marketplaces by fostering trust and efficiency.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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e-commerce, AI negotiation, online shopping, digital marketplace, consumer behavior, dynamic pricing, dispute resolution

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The discourse around the concept of citizenship has been a center of discussion in both the liberal and the neo-liberal states. The theoretical discussion is primarily dominant in the civic republican and liberal debates. The civic republican notion of citizenship emphasizes the community participation while advocating active citizenry, political participation, and civic virtue. The emphasis is more on active participation in civic life. The liberal notion of citizenship believes in the capacity of the individuals themselves as an active citizen by emphasizing individual rights and private interests. The question arises as to whether these two concepts can encompass the marginalized sections of society, especially women. And is there a possibility of reaching a milieu of formal and substantive rights of a citizen? These are some of the issues in the concept of citizenship that demand a revision of the current definition of citizenship. However, there has been an attempt at re-theorization of the concept by recent scholars whose work focuses on the binary of the concept of citizenship. The binary of public-private gives space for discussion on women and their claim to citizenship. There is a notion that men are active participants in the public domain while women are mostly confined to the private domain (the insider-outsider debate). Therefore, in this context, the paper tries to look at the relationship between the concept of citizenship and how the concept is contested and negotiated when it comes to women. Women's oppression is exemplified in the way women experience citizenship rights. On the one hand, the state guarantees citizenship rights and on the other, it is the nature of the society to determine the extent to which citizenship rights can be exercised. The paper is an attempt to look at citizenship as a concept from the lens of women's experience and will mainly outline the theoretical implications of the concept of citizenship in the context of women in India while giving a general view of how discrimination and social exclusion can undermine the benefits of citizenship. The method used in this paper is qualitative and analytical while relying on theoretical discourse analysis and secondary research.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Women, Citizenship, Gender, Social exclusion, Inclusion, Rights

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition