Volume 13 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

Drowsiness detection in drivers is critical to ensuring road safety and preventing fatigue-related accidents. This project presents a lightweight, real-time eye state classification system for detecting driver drowsiness, implemented as an offline mobile application. The system employs a MobileNet-based deep learning model trained on labeled eye images to classify eyes as open or closed. A counter-based logic determines the onset of drowsiness based on consecutive frames of eye closure and triggers sound alerts to regain driver attention. The backend, developed in Python using OpenCV, face_recognition, and TensorFlow, is integrated with a minimal cross-platform GUI built using the BeeWare Toga framework. The entire application is packaged using Briefcase, enabling seamless deployment on Android devices. The system is designed for offline operation post-installation, ensuring privacy and reliability in low-connectivity environments. This work contributes a practical and efficient solution for real-time drowsiness monitoring, emphasizing mobile readiness, user accessibility, and safety-first automation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Drowsiness Detection, MobileNet, Eye State Classification, BeeWare, Real-Time Detection, Offline Application.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The present study focuses on the development and evaluation of sustained release gastroretentive floating beads of Glipizide to enhance gastric residence time and improve oral bioavailability for effective type 2 diabetes management. Glipizide, a second-generation sulfonylurea, is characterized by a short biological half-life and site-specific absorption in the upper gastrointestinal tract, making it an ideal candidate for gastroretentive drug delivery systems. Floating beads were prepared using ionotropic gelation with a blend of polymers including Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC K4M), Carbopol, Eudragit RL-100, and Sodium Alginate, with calcium chloride serving as the crosslinking agent. The formulations were evaluated for drug-polymer compatibility using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and assessed for buoyancy behavior, entrapment efficiency, particle morphology, swelling index, and in vitro drug release. Among the various formulations, the optimized batch demonstrated excellent floating capacity (more than 12 hours), high drug entrapment efficiency (>85%), and sustained release over a 10-hour period. Drug release followed non-Fickian diffusion as indicated by Higuchi and Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic models. The study concludes that gastroretentive floating beads of Glipizide provide a promising controlled-release system that may improve glycemic control, reduce dosing frequency, and enhance patient compliance. Further in vivo studies are recommended to substantiate these in vitro findings and confirm clinical applicability.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Glipizide, Floating beads, Sustained release, Carbopol

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a persistent metabolic condition marked by elevated blood sugar levels and modified metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. It is a situation that hinders the body's capability to manage blood sugar because of this elevated blood sugar level that happens in our body, leading to diabetes mellitus. The current research demonstrates to create a Polyherbal anti-diabetic herbal syrup by utilizing an extract from the leaves of Gymnemasylvestre and the dried seeds of Syzygiumcumini. Three formulations of herbal syrup were created (F1, F2, F3) Herbal plants utilized in the formulations demonstrate a powerful anti-diabetic effect compared to synthetic ones. F1, F2, F3 formulations were created and assessed. Assessment criteria of these formulations were determined to be within the acceptable limits and in vitro investigations were conducted for identifying antidiabetic efficacy.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

antidiabetic ,polyherbal

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The rise of mobile money has become a significant catalyst for financial inclusion, particularly in economies where access to conventional banking services is restricted. This investigation explores the elements such as user confidence, quality infrastructure, security transactions, and perceived ubiquity that affect the adoption of mobile money and its effects on financial inclusion. The study adopted a quantitative research approach using a survey-based method to collect data. The target respondents are mobile money users, and banking consumers in Hyderabad. A convenient Sampling is used to ensure diverse representation. The study employs a regression analysis method to assess how user confidence, quality infrastructure, security transactions, and perceived ubiquity influence the adoption of mobile money. The results indicate that each of these factors significantly enhances adoption, with perceived ubiquity exerting the most substantial influence. Moreover, the findings indicate that the adoption of mobile money plays a crucial role in improving financial inclusion, granting unbanked and underbanked communities' access to vital financial services.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

User Confidence, Quality Infrastructure, Security Transaction, Perceived Ubiquity, Adoption of Mobile Money, Financial Inclusion

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Road sign detection is an important module in intelligent transportation systems, and it is widely applied in driver assistance and autonomous driving technology. In this paper, we introduce a power-efficient, real-time road sign detection system based on a Binarized Neural Network (BNN) deployed on an FPGA-based PYNQ-Z2 board. With binary activations and weights, BNN reduces the computational complexity and power significantly, making it an ideal candidate for embedded vision systems. The system is simulated and tested in Xilinx Vivado and implemented in real-time on the PYNQ-Z2 board. The outcome demonstrates high detection accuracy, low latency, and low power, which implies its applicability in smart traffic systems.In addition, PYNQ- Z2 use improves education benefits and developer convenience through the ability to provide a Python-friendly setting for embedded applications. This provides opportunities for extended development and testing of BNN architectures in low- power vision-based systems, underscoring the synergy between hardware-level efficiency and ease of software development.

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 Keywords

Binarized Neural Network (BNN) Road Sign Detection FPGA PYNQ-Z2 Embedded Vision Real-Time Object Detection Low-Power AI Deep Learning on Hardware Edge Computing High-Level Synthesis (HLS) Traffic Sign Recognition Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Vivado Python API for FPGA Smart Transportation Systems

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This study explores the role of incentives and motivational measures in enhancing employee performance and organizational productivity. It examines both monetary and non-monetary incentives, including bonuses, recognition programs, career development opportunities, and workplace environment improvements. Through a mixed-method approach involving surveys, interviews, and performance data analysis, the research investigates how different incentive strategies impact employee satisfaction, engagement, and retention. The findings aim to provide insights for managers and HR professionals on designing effective motivational frameworks that align with organizational goals and employee needs. The study also highlights potential challenges in implementing incentive programs and offers recommendations for sustainable motivational practices.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Employee motivation, Incentive program, Performance based rewards, Monetary incentives, Non monetary incentives, Work place culture, Career development and Job satisfaction.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In construction industry natural aggregate is the most popular constituent and mainly used in concrete, road construction, ballast on railway track, etc. In concrete construction upto 50-60% and in road construction 75-80% the aggregate is used. But the natural aggregates are natural resources and it is limited in country. As we know that India is a developing country and for different Therefore to find an alternative to aggregate is very important for future construction work. While finding alternative to the aggregate the waste material from steel industry resembles the same characteristics as aggregate. So steel slag get extracted in the process of steel manufacturing as a byproduct in molten form. As it is generated at very high temperature due to this after cooling it becomes strong and porous in structure. Though it is very strong it possesses mechanical properties such as Impact value, Abrassion value, Crushing value, etc. But due to porous structure it absorbs water excessively due to this its volume gets change which creates problem in use as aggregate. To solve it should have to give surface treatment with chemicals. But normally and cost effective is to giving the coating of cement paste and oil paint. So in this project we will going to find out the optimum replacement of steel slag in aggregate also the result of treated steel slag.

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 Keywords

Theoretical framework, outline of project, design mix, comparison of results

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This study investigates the role of entrepreneurship education on under graduated students in building entrepreneurial intention and startup activity. Degree completed students in various disciplines in Mysore region are selected as sample for the study. The study's sample size is 50 and it aims to explore whether entrepreneurship education is benefitting students to develop employed to elicit the responses with descriptive statistics to draw the result. The study result shows that majority of the graduated students has gained the knowledge of business and the business environment. The analysis draws conclusion that the entrepreneurship education has significant role and positive impact on entreprenship intention and startup activity.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Entrepreneurship education, Entreprenship intention, Startup activity, Descriptive study

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract: Latent prints is an impression of the friction skin of the fingers or palm of the hands, sole of the foot and lips that has been transferred to another surface. Latent prints are vital & unique to identify an individual. Our invention relates to a latent prints powder. The currently available latent prints are usually ineffective if the latent print left is not within first week after placing the latent. The latent print visualization by using chemicals are toxic and potential health hazards. To overcome this problem it is provided that the Human hair are made into a powder form for the development of latent print powder for better visualization. The powder will adheres to the residue deposited from the fingers, palm, sole and lips on to the surface. Our powder method, which is simple, non toxic to human health, cheap in nature, available in black color, and as well can be utilized for the development of latent prints on various surface. This will plays a significant role in identifying the criminals in crime scene by analyzing old prints.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Forensic science, Latent print development, Human hair, Powder methods.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Respiratory infections continue to be a major cause of illness and death worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. These infections affect both the upper and lower respiratory tracts and can range from mild illnesses like the common cold to severe conditions such as pneumonia, tuberculosis, and the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Caused by a variety of pathogens including viruses, bacteria, and fungi, respiratory infections are responsible for significant healthcare burdens and economic costs. This review explores the epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, treatment strategies, and public health implications of respiratory infections. The paper also discusses current preventive measures and outlines the challenges and future directions in addressing the global burden of respiratory diseases

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Respiratory Infections, Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Public Health Challenges

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition