Volume 13 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

Aquatic macrophytes, often referred to as hydrophytes, encompass a wide range of macroscopic plants that thrive either fully or partially in water-based ecosystems. However, their populations are significantly impacted by factors such as eutrophication, sewage discharge, and industrial contaminants. Moreover, seasonal changes can lead to a marked reduction in the diversity of these aquatic plants. Consequently, it is essential to establish baseline data to assess these effects and maintain the health of aquatic ecosystems. A thorough survey was carried out to evaluate the presence of emergent macrophyte populations in the waterways of the study region, with careful documentation of the findings. The results indicate that the Jalna district is home to a rich variety of emergent macrophytes, with a total of 89 species identified. The district is particularly notable for its substantial representation of the Cyperaceae family, which comprises 35 species. Following this, the Poaceae family includes 8 species, while the Nymphaeaceae family has 5 species, and the Typhaceae family contains 4 species. Additionally, the Convolvulaceae and Graminaeae families each feature 3 species, and the Acanthaceae, Alismataceae, Amaranthaceae, Commelinaceae, Fabaceae, Plantaginaceae, and Polygonaceae families each have 2 species. Furthermore, one species was recorded from each of the following families: Apiaceae, Aponogetonaceae, Asteraceae, Boraginaceae, Brassicaceae, Cannaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Iridaceae, Juncaceae, Lythraceae, Marsileaceae, Pontederiaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Taccaceae, and Verbenaceae

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 Keywords

Aquatic plants, Lake Management, Wetlands, Emergent-Submerged-Floating macrophytes, Diversity, Water resources.

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Abstract-- Fire outbreaks are a common issue worldwide, causing significant damage to nature and human life. Modern fire detection solutions prioritize vision-based approaches over legacy sensor systems, enabling expansive monitoring and rapid threat identification in diverse environments. However, the detection process using image processing techniques can be complex and time- consuming. This paper proposes a Fire and Motion Detection System that utilizes Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for high- accuracy fire detection. The system is trained on a dataset comprising 3,696 fire images and 541 non-fire images, totaling 4,237. Of these, 2,857 images were used for training and 1,921 images for testing. The CNN model employs convolution, activation functions, and max pooling operations. Through experimentation with different batch sizes and epoch values, the model achieved an accuracy of 94%, correctly predicting 1,817 out of 1,921 test images. Additionally, the system incorporates motion detection to address human-animal conflicts in agricultural fields. Using background subtraction and object classification (via YOLO or similar models), the system detects and classifies intruders (e.g., animals or humans) and sends real-time alerts to farm owners and officials via Telegram notifications. This study also reviews various smoke and fire detection techniques, including RGB and HSI models, to minimize false alarms and enhance early detection. The integration of fire and motion detection into a unified system provides a comprehensive solution for safeguarding agricultural fields and preventing disasters.

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 Keywords

Fire Detection Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) Vision-Based Surveillance Image Processing Motion Detection Human-Animal Conflict Smart Agriculture YOLO Object Detection Real-Time Alerts Telegram Notification System Background Subtraction RGB and HSI Models Wildfire Monitoring Deep Learning for Fire Detection Precision Agriculture Forest Fire Prevention Animal Intrusion Detection Integrated Safety Systems AI in Agriculture Environmental Monitoring

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This research paper investigates the impact of salary disparity on employee performance and motivation in public and private sectors within the Surat district of Gujarat. Through primary data collection from employees across both sectors, the study analyzes how salary differences contribute to variations in performance, job satisfaction, and motivation. This paper also discusses how non-monetary incentives influence employees' attitudes and behavior and recommends policies to minimize negative impacts of salary disparity.

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 Keywords

Salary disparity, employee performance, motivation, public sector, private sector, Surat district, Gujarat.

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Effective therapy of Parkinson's disease (PD), a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects both motor and non-motor abilities, depends on an early and precise diagnosis. This study investigates a hybrid strategy for reliable PD diagnosis in humans that blends deep learning and machine learning models. Because of its layered structure, ResNet can extract high-dimensional, complicated features that are crucial for identifying minor patterns linked to Parkinson's disease.

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 Keywords

Parkinson's disease (PD), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), pre-trained ResNet-18, support vector machine.

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 Abstract

Arishta means the fatal signs and symptoms which denotes imminent death. The detailed description of these Arishtas is found split into 12 chapters of Indriya Sthana of Charak Samhita. Arishtas definitely occur in diseased person before death [1]. This concept of Ayurveda is unique in itself and can help to assess the estimation of survival time and prognosis both at the same time. Indriya Sthana consists of 12 chapter, out of which the tenth chapter is discussed in this article. The 10th chapter deals with the Arishtas which indicate death within 3 to 7 days of time [2]. Hence, an in-detailed study of this chapter could help to determine the specific quality and probable survival time along with the prognosis of the disease.

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Arishta, death, sensory organs, prognosis, diseases, etc.

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Divulging a strong undercurrent of environmental ethics, the animal stories of Dhan Gopal Mukerji serve as the early source for ecological awareness. Dhan Gopal Mukerji was an early twentieth century Indian-American writer often remembered for his contribution to children's literature. His works build a cultural bridge between the East and West. Mukerji's childhood experiences in the wilderness of Indian jungle subtly influence his narratives which are derived from the Vedantic perspectives of ahimsa (non-violence) and interconnectedness among all forms of life. Mirroring deep ecology, his philosophy sees humans as part of a larger web of life and not as superior to it. Mukerji's portrayal of animals and nature align with eco-centric environmental concerns where all living beings are considered valuable in themselves, not just in relation to human use. Mukerji's works highlight the trauma faced by animals due to human conflicts criticizing anthropocentricism. Though Mukerji may not be explicitly categorized as an environmental activist but a close reading of his works reveals how living in harmony with nature was a major concern in his writings dedicated to children. He undoubtedly was the pioneer of nature writing even before the genre became popular.

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Eco-literature, Animal empathy, Harmony, Eastern philosophy, Coexistence, Environmental ethics, Spiritual Oneness

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This review attempts to present studies that are directly or indirectly relevant to the concepts of need and anxiety. The information included is drawn from both primary and secondary sources. Every effort has been made to incorporate pertinent literature that has a direct bearing on the subject.

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 Keywords

desire, construct, dissatisfaction, biologically, environments, encompass fundamental

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The GST (Goods and services tax was introduced on 1st July, 2017 as a historic step in the trajectory of advancements in indirect taxation system in India as it was meant to increase revenue productivity in India by widening the eligible tax base, removing cascading effect of indirect taxes and putting an end to multifarious and complex indirect tax system in India and replace it with one single indirect tax applicable across the nation. This research studies the impact of the implementation of GST on the long-term growth and development and employment generation in MSMEs in Textile Sector in Northern Delhi; in places like Karol Bagh, Rohini, Gandhi Nagar, Chandni Chowk and Samaypur Badli. By employing graphical analysis tools like Pie charts and qualitative analysis based on data and subjective comments in the survey, the study aims to provide a holistic view on the problems faced by MSME owners and benefits enjoyed by them due to developments in the GST system, like boost in export competitiveness and removal of cascading effect. The research also makes use of secondary qualitative data from government reports and case studies available online. Inferences from the research suggest that several creeping problems like disruptions in supply chain, fluctuation in price of raw material, excessive compliance costs and delays in receiving input tax credit still continue to haunt MSMEs while the benefits of it are also enjoyed by them.

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 Keywords

Textile, Supply chain, logistics, Goods and Services Tax (GST), inverted Duty structure

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Aim and objectives: To assess the efficacy of synbiotic product among selected PCOS (Polycystic ovarian syndrome) adult women from the age group of 20-40 years. Methodology: A Quantitative Approach, the True experimental research design was adopted to assess the effficacy of synbiotic product among PCOS (Polycystic ovarian syndrome)adult women in Kavitha Fertility Hospital, Coimbatore who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. A sample of 50 adult women from the age group of 20-40 years with PCOS was selected, from which 10 women were assigned to an experimental and control group, with 5 participants in each group. Both groups had a pretest to assess the clinical manifestations of PCOS. The experimental group then received a Synbiotic product supplementation for a period of 30 days, while the control group did not receive any supplementation. Following the 30th-day supplementation period, a post-test was conducted to evaluate the clinical manifestations of PCOS in both groups. The experimental group and control group were had a pretest and post-test assessments of ovarian volume by Transvaginal ultrasound scan Results: The study findings revealed that the post-test clinical manifestation unpaired 't' value for BMI was p=0.031, for waist-hip ratio was p=0.013, and for ovarian volume p=0.006 levels of clinical manifestations indicates a high statistical significance at p< 0.05 among PCOS adult women from the age group of 20-40 years. Conclusion: The results revealed that the synbiotic Product was effective in alleviating the clinical manifestations among PCOS adult women from the age group 20-40 years.

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 Keywords

synbiotic product, clinical manifestations, PCOS

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A comparative study to assess the knowledge and attitude on prevention and management of tuberculosis among the population in selected urban and rural area of district Fatehabad.In this study the urban population knowledge was adequate in only 4% of the participant where as in rural population it was adequate in only 0% of the participant. in urban population the attitude was found to be good for 56% and in rural population it was 45%.study concludes that the general population should be sensitized with the knowledge of tuberculosis and its management to enhance their understanding and to have a better attitude.

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 Keywords

comparative, Assess, Association, knowledge ,Attitude , Population ,Tuberculosis,Urban, Rural.

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