Volume 13 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

The Himalayan regions have been most vulnerable to the impacts of climate change in recent years. In this region, environmental justice, gender parity, and climate change adaptation are intertwined challenges. Women often face greater vulnerability to climate change impacts and are less likely to have access to resources needed for adaptation, hindering their ability to build resilience. The impacts of climate change are leading to severe consequences such as scarcity of resources, food insecurity and gender inequalities. Women, often bearing the brunt of climate change-related impacts due to their roles in resource management and subsistence livelihoods and face increased vulnerability and lack access to decision-making and resources, hindering their ability to adapt to changing conditions. Addressing this requires a holistic approach that integrates gender concerns into climate change policies, empowers women, and promotes equitable resource management. In this paper, the author examines environmental justice from gender perspectives and adaptation in the prevailing climate change scenario.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Climate Change, environmental justice, gender inequality, and resource management

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The system processes 3D skeletal data from sign language gestures, constructs spatio-temporal graphs, and applies graph convolutional networks (GCNs) to extract spatial and temporal features. The trained model classifies sign language gestures into predefined categories, making sign language recognition more efficient and scalable.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Sign Language Recognition, Spatiotemporal Graph Convolutional Networks (ST-GCN), 3D Skeleton Data, Gesture Recognition, Human-Computer Interaction, Deep Learning, Motion Capture, Assistive Technology

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In order to meet the consumers of a better life the traditional furniture is developing in the direction of intelligence, but the traditional furniture with single function such as courtyard sunshade has been developing in the direction of Intelligence. The researchers purpose to change the traditional sunset, where is an automatic sunset system add an environmental monitoring system of for the sun shapes and increase voice playback function which realize the data exchange between the sun shade and the user through Bluetooth direction of Smart home . This paper uses design platform and provides the designs scheme of the intelligent as well as the beginning method of the use of the end of the paper . The feasibility of the user and the device and the flexibility of the designs scheme will be proved by Arduino and open source development platform which can be used in the development of traditional home intelligence. It also aims in proceeding protection to doors, windows and especially vehicles.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Home intelligence, Sun shade

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Biochemistry education presents considerable challenges due to the abstract, integrative, and complex nature of its subject matter. Conventional teaching approaches frequently fail to promote in-depth comprehension and long-term memory of biological ideas. In science education, concept mapping, a visual learning technique based on Ausubel's notion of meaningful learning, has become a powerful teaching tool. This comprehensive review explores the theoretical foundations, cognitive benefits, and practical applications of concept mapping in biochemistry learning. It examines how idea maps help with student's understanding, memory, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills. Empirical research and case studies show how concept mapping improves outcomes for students, while a variety of digital tools and collaborative platforms enhance its accessibility and effectiveness. The review also addresses implementation challenges and proposes best practices and future innovations, including AI integration and interdisciplinary mapping. Concept mapping is positioned not only as a study aid but as a transformative strategy that empowers students to navigate the complexities of biochemistry with confidence and clarity.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Biochemistry education; Concept mapping; Meaningful learning; Cognitive tools; Visual learning; Student engagement; Knowledge retention; Digital tools in education; Active learning; Problem-solving skills.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The fusion of AI and synthetic biology is accelerating breakthroughs across various domains, with the potential to reshape industries and solve global challenges. In healthcare, AI tools are enhancing the development of precision medicine by analyzing genetic data to identify targeted therapies for diseases, including cancer and genetic disorders. AI-driven bioengineering is also advancing the creation of custom-designed microorganisms capable of producing sustainable biofuels, pharmaceuticals, and bio-based materials. These innovations contribute to the development of green technologies, offering promising solutions for climate change and pollution management. Moreover, AI models help simulate complex biological systems, improving the design of genetically engineered organisms for food production, such as drought-resistant crops or bacteria that enhance soil health. However, these advances also raise significant ethical concerns around genetic privacy, the unintended consequences of creating new life forms, and the ecological impact of releasing engineered organisms into natural environments. The regulatory landscape is also struggling to keep pace with these rapid developments, requiring international collaboration and thoughtful policy-making to ensure responsible innovation. As AI continues to evolve, its role in synthetic biology will undoubtedly lead to new possibilities, but also demand careful consideration of its broader implications for society and the environment.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Artificial intelligence, synthetic biology, bioengineering, perfection medicine, sustainable power, heritable insulation ethical considerations in biodiversity.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abuse of dominance remains a central concern in competition law, serving as a critical safeguard against market distortions caused by firms wielding excessive power. This paper explores the legal and economic dimensions of dominant market positions and the threshold at which competitive behavior turns into abusive conduct. By examining key jurisprudence, regulatory frameworks, and economic theories across various jurisdictions, the study highlights the challenges in identifying and proving abuse, particularly in digital and rapidly evolving markets. It argues for a balanced approach that deters anti-competitive behavior while preserving incentives for innovation and growth. The paper concludes by proposing clearer guidelines and enforcement strategies to address emerging forms of dominance in the global economy.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Dominance, market position, competitive, regulatory, Jurisdiction, strategies

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Thrift shopping is an economic course of action between youngsters nowadays, as the wants and desires are increasing day by day but the income of consumers are not increasing consistently. Thrift shopping perceives an immediate flash in popularity in the past few years which is a combination of different economic groups, cultural backgrounds and environmental conditions. Thrift shopping has added numerous benefits whereas less no. of drawbacks. In the recent years it has been overviewed by its affordability amongst consumers who are not ready to pick up the expensive clothes rather they want good looking attires at discounted price, thrift shopping is undoubtedly a sustainable alternative as it scale down the pollution. The aim of this research is to study the buying behavior over thrift shopping amidst the youngsters aged between 18- 24years of the Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh. This will be done through survey method by interviewing people through a questionnaire. The outcome of this research will be economic accessibility for the consumers as they can save money for their future endeavors.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Thrift shopping, consumers, buying behavior, survey, affordability

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Minimizing power consumption is a crucial concern in VLSI design. The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), a fundamental processor component, performs arithmetic and logical operations, often leading to increased power usage with higher complexity. A major contributor to dynamic power is the clock network, which can be optimized using clock gating to disable inactive blocks. Existing literature offers multiple power reduction techniques within ALUs, but further optimization is achievable by integrating diverse approaches. This project presents a tunable ALU design employing clock gating along with Parallel-In Parallel-Out (PIPO) shift registers and Booth's algorithm. Specific operations are activated based on the input opcode, while others remain idle to minimize power. The ALU supports 8-bit inputs, carry-in, borrow-in, enable signals, and a 2-bit shift input, with a 4:16 decoder enabling 16 operations through a 4-bit opcode. The design evaluates four clock gating techniques: latch-free, latch-based, flip-flop-based, and synthesis-based gating, all integrated with PIPO registers. Each design iteration demonstrates reduced power consumption through selective operation activation and efficient data handling.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Tunable ALU, Dynamic Power, Clock Gating, RTL Design, PIPO, Booth's Algorithm, Power Optimization

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Child rearing practices plays an important role in the development of child. Working and non-working mothers rear their child in different way. So, working and non-working mothers influencing various aspects of a child's development. Working mothers may rely more on children and may have less time for focused interactions, while non- working mothers may have more opportunities for direct involvement in their child's daily routine and education. Child - rearing practices are investigated in families in which the mother is employed and comparable families in which the mother is not employed. When mothers' motivations and education are considered along with status, associations with child- rearing appear. Mothers who prefer to work but out of a sense of duty do not work report the most problems in child rearing. Children are under firmer control and are given more responsibilities by working mothers then by non-working mothers in groups with high school training. The purpose of the study is to know about child rearing practices of working and non-working mothers. The invigilators want to know how we rear the child for overall development of the child.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Child-rearing Practices, Working-Mothers, Non-Working Mothers, Child

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Regulated markets are established to bring order, transparency, and fairness to the trade of goods, especially agricultural commodities. However, despite their intended purpose, they face a multitude of challenges that hinder their efficiency and the benefits they promise to stakeholders. This paper explores the major obstacles confronting regulated markets including governance issues, infrastructure inadequacies, price manipulation, and limited access for farmers. Through a review of existing literature and data analysis, this article outlines the key features of regulated markets and presents evidence of their shortcomings.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Regulated Markets, Agricultural Marketing, Infrastructure, Price Discovery, Farmer Access, Governance.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition