Volume 5 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

Lightweight encryption is an interesting field that strikes the perfect balance in providing security, low-power consumption, and compactness. In this paper, we present the design of a lightweight encryption based on the grouping permutation(GRP).In the s-box we have added the confusion property for GRP.The existing S boxes with DESXL, CLEFIA, and AES algorithms are compared and a new lightweight encryption system is proposed in this paper that provides compact results which reduces gates and memory size.GRP not only adds strength to the cipher it also reduces the power consumption and memory requirements. By using the S box of PRESENT the gate complexity is reduced.A lightweight S box that can be mapped into the GRP to have efficient cryptographic structure and to strengthen the security.

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 Keywords

Lightweight cryptography, PRESENT, GRP,embedded security, encryption, bit permutation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Soil is a dynamic complex of minerals and organic matter supporting plants or having capacity to support plant growth. Soil formation is slow process and it is result of interaction of parent material, climate, biotic, slope and time factors. Soil is the most significant resource and provides base for life on earth. Soil erosion, on the other hand, is a very fast process. Soil erosion results into depletion and degradation of fertile productive base. Soil conservation and management is required to achieve the goal of sustainable development. The objectives of the present paper are: (i) to identify and describe the causes of soil erosion in India; (ii) to highlight the extent of soil erosion in India (iii) to mention the consequences of soil erosion; and (iv) to describe the measures to tackle the problem of soil erosion in India.

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 Keywords

Erosion, Ravines, Depletion, Extent, Conservation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This paper provide an idea about the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and also to have some knowledge about its application in determining the speed control of a DC motor. In order to provide the speed control of DC motor ANN interpolate no load speed data of a shunt motor at different field current and applied armature voltage in a training data set. The network is trained with C program and MATLAB program. The network predicts the speed corresponding to different sets of field current and armature voltages. In addition to it the network also predict whether the speed is above rated speed

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 Keywords

Artificial Neural Network, Single layer perceptron, Multi layer perceptron

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 Abstract

Kashmir witnessed a great change in the field of culture and social life during the 14th century. It was the time when Muslim rule firmly established its roots in the green Valley and King Zain-ul-Abidin became the harbinger of new thoughts and ideas. Kashmir had the good fortune of having an equally great tolerant and the noblest ruler that Kashmir has ever known. He did much to heal the wounds inflicted on the non-Muslims of the Valley in the time of his predecessor. He did not brook any inequality in administration and abolished all discriminatory laws of his predecessors. Sultan Zain-ul-Abidin was imbued with high ideals of justice. He believed very firmly that justice is the edifice over which the structure of an efficient administration could be laid. Sultan Zain-ul-Abidin took great interest in the developmental programmes almost in all respects in Kashmir. No other Kashmiri Sultan did so much to promote the welfare of his subjects as Zain-ul-Abidin. He undertook tours to different parts of the country to find out the condition of the people, and how his officers were carrying on the administration. With the same object in view it was his practice. The paper is to describe the all-round development of Kashmir laid down by Sultan Zain-ul-Abidin during his period.

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 Keywords

Edifice, lodging, Transitoriness, reign, gratitude, reverence.

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 Abstract

Sustainability has become a necessity in the building industry. In recent years, as the general public is more informed and aware of sustainability related issues, they are becoming major players in the decision making process regarding their built environment. India is a country where infrastructure is the main hurdle for the growth of Indian businesses. In today’s scenario, buildings which are present already are contributing 45 % of worldwide energy use. Our demand on natural and finite resources such as energy, water and building materials can be reduced, and our contribution to environmental quality can also be enhanced by incorporating green building principle into the design, construction and renovation. The aim of a green building design is to minimize the demand on non-renewable resources, maximize the utilization efficiency of these resources, when in use, and maximize the reuse, recycling, and utilization of renewable resources.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Green Building, Sustainable Development, Renewable Resource

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Several countries at various levels of socio-economic development have recognised the need and importance of taking measures to improve the performance of their construction industry. One of the means to this end has been to ensure performance efficiency in construction project execution. As has been widely acknowledged, this requires a deliberate process of continuously monitoring the performance of projects based on relevant indicators. To this end, several models have been proposed in literature assess projects under the broad headings of critical success factors and key performance indicators. This paper presents a study in construction industry to improve the performance of construction. The main objective of this study is to review existing performance measurement framework being used in the construction industries and public authorities of the developed countries including the performance measurement process, project stages. The purpose of this study is to identify performance criteria which are relevant to Indian construction and propose a method of scoring the performance indicators for the total building performance. Furthermore, the study also proposes some recommendations for performance assessment in construction industry.

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 Keywords

Performance Assessment, Performance Management, Quality Management

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On November 8, 2016, RBI (Reserve Bank of India) withdrew currency notes of Indian Rupees 500 and 1000, rendering them invalid legal tender from midnight November 9, 2016. The event resonates as second 9/11 as it brought down economic activities of many sectors in India, especially the cash sectors. Real Estate was the highest impacted sector. Real estate project developers, land traders and investors, all require high amount of working capital to stay, invested in the real estate markets. The move has been seen as a bold fiscal reform by many analysts, and succeeded partially to bring back the unaccounted money back into the banking systems However, demonetisation did set the equation straight with all bankers who had extended soft loans to real estate developers though 80:20 financing Schemes. Unaccounted NPAs (Non performing assets) of the banks went down considerably while Real estate developers who had delayed their real estate project projects were left further cash stripped. A close inquiry into the Ahmedabad city market shows a clearer picture on how the real estate activity will shape up in coming years as new developments are likely to intensify in the urban city core and put brakes on urban sprawl.

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 Keywords

Real Estate; investors; developers; demonetisation; impact

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The tanks are an important source of water for people's livelihood development from continuous drought period and protect them. For present investigation the kurinjipadi block (Cuddalore district) has taken for the research. The Analysis is a micro-level field action based on three ayacut villages. It examines the current status of rural tanks and discusses traditional people's participation (Kudimaramathu) in the issues of restoration of rural tanks. This research cites the necessity of restoration of rural tanks and the need and benefit from it. The study concluded that restoring the rural tanks will benefit to small and marginal farmers for better production of agriculture also people's participation in maintaining rural tanks is essential need for tank restoration activities.

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 Keywords

Keywords: Kudimaramathu, Rural, Restoration, Tanks, People Participation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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IMAGE FORGERY DETECTION BY USING MULTIPLE APPROACHES

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Spectrum scarcity is an major issue in latest wireless technologies used now a days. Literature shows 70% of spectrum is either underutilized or not utilized at all. The main process in determination of spectrum scarcity starts with Spectrum sensing in cognitive radio. Sensing through one Secondary Users (SU) node faces various issues (like hidden node, shadowing problem etc) which occurs due to channel impediments, or obstacles like buildings etc to overcome such problems cooperation based spectrum sensing is brought into existence. Although collaboration between multiple SU’s improves the sensing performance, but cooperation between nodes is itself an challenging issue. Concept of Look up Table (LUT) is widely as well as efficiently used in this paper to improve the efficiency of the system while doing cooperative sensing. Lookup Table will hold the status of the spectrum which is updated every time by multi node/Cooperative sensing process which makes sensing reliable, fast and robust. In this paper we are introducing an LUT based cooperative sensing method to improve transmission time and hence improve throughput of Cognitive radios system. We have achieved Probability of detection (PD) significantly improved by 8%, Probability of False alarm(Pfa) significantly decreased by 18% and achievable normalized throughput improved by 5% along with significant improvement in end to end delay with respect to traditional sensing method.

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 Keywords

Cognitive Radio Cognitive Networks (CRCN), Look up table (LUT), channel assignment, Cooperative sensing, overlay access Spectrum Sensing (SS).

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition