Volume 13 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) represent a cutting-edge drug delivery system designed to overcome the limitations of conventional chemotherapy. NLCs, consisting of both solid and liquid lipids, offer a versatile platform for the encapsulation of chemotherapeutic agents. Their biocompatibility, enhanced stability, and ability to bypass biological barriers make them ideal for targeted cancer treatment. These carriers improve drug solubility, reduce toxicity, and enhance therapeutic efficacy by enabling sustained and controlled release of anticancer agents. Additionally, NLCs offer the advantage of minimizing multidrug resistance by modulating drug delivery at cellular levels. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the structure, preparation techniques, and characteristics of NLCs, along with their potential applications in chemotherapeutics. It highlights recent advancements and challenges in using NLCs for cancer therapy, offering insights into future directions for optimizing this promising nanotechnology in clinical settings.

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Nanostructured Lipid Carriers, Chemotherapeutic Agents, Drug Delivery Systems, Drug Targeting, Lipid-Grounded Nanoparticles. 8

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Introduction : Forward Head Posture is a common habitual postural malalignment often present since a young age and often observed in individual who spend a lot of time sitting and reading or working at a computer. Many cervical muscles are affected in forward head posture. Musculoskeletal disorders are also related to Forward Head Posture. Due to prolonged use of computers and poor ergonomics along with sedentary lifestyle, forward head posture is common among I.T. workers. So for this reason forward head posture should be identified by measuring the craniovertebral angle. Effectiveness of Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique (INIT) as an adjunct to Conventional Physiotherapy on forward head posture is studied to check whether they can decrease forward head posture in I.T. workers. Method : 42 I.T. workers both male and female in age group 18-30 years having forward head posture with trigger points at upper trapezius and levator scapulae were included and divided into two groups. People with neuromuscular & musculoskeletal disorders and those with history of shoulder arthroplasty or injury were excluded. Group A (INIT along with Conventional Physiotherapy) Group B (Conventional Physiotherapy) for a period of 2 weeks. For Group A, INIT - Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique and Conventional Physiotherapy were given for 4 times per week for 2 weeks and for Group B, Conventional Physiotherapy was given for the same period of time i.e. 4 times per week for 2 weeks . After 2 weeks, Craniovertebral angle was measured again of both the groups. Wilcoxon Signed rank test was performed to test the significance within the pairs and Mann-Whitney U test was performed to test the significance between the differences in the two groups. Result : There was high statistical significance within the pairs of each group (p-value < 0.0001) and there was no significant difference between the differences of each group (p-value 0.212). Mean comparison was done for Craniovertebral angle before and after treatment of each group. It was found that due to additional INIT treatment for one group, mean difference for that group was slightly greater. Conclusion : There is no as such significant difference between INIT as an adjunct to Conventional Physiotherapy and Conventional Physiotherapy on forward head posture. But clinically, INIT as an adjunct to Conventional Physiotherapy is more effective in reducing forward head posture in I.T. workers.

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Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique, Craniovertebral angle, Forward head posture.

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"Real is Rational. Rational is Real" This great quote comes from the great German Idealist Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel. He was one of the most influential German philosophers who is read widely even in our contemporary times. In the above quote we clearly understand his philosophy. Here we understand his concept of reality. Like Plato, Hegel too believes that idea is real, in turn, real is rational. Thus whatever can be understood by the use of reason is real. He also says that 'Idea as real reality' can be understood only by application of reason. Anything understood by empirical evidence is not real, rather shadow of real. Hegel is a 'Rationalist', who believes that human emancipation can be realised only by reason. Hegel has used the concept of 'Dialectics' to show the nature of movement of History. History for Hegel is a movement of 'Absolute Idea'. He has given the three laws of Dialectics: 1. Unity of opposites: It means in all the things exists its contradiction. Contradiction is a force of history. 2. Negation of Negation: As per law of history, force negativity gets negated. 3. Quantity changes into Quality: Changes do not happen overnight, first, quantitative changes take place and it gives rise to qualitative change. It may appear new but it is not entirely new. New has its roots in the old. Once contradiction ends, history ends.

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Symbolic Art, Classical Art, Romantic Art, Architecture, Sculpture, Painting, Music, Poetry

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E-pharmacy has emerged as a significant aspect of the healthcare industry, offering convenience and accessibility to consumers. This study explores consumer behaviour, usage patterns, and the factors influencing the adaptation of e-pharmacy services in Gujarat. The research highlights the benefits and challenges associated with e-pharmacies while providing insights into strategies for improving their adoption. The study employs a mixed-method research approach, analysing survey responses and industry trends. Findings indicate that digital literacy, pricing advantages, and regulatory frameworks significantly impact consumer adoption. This research contributes to the growing discussion on digital healthcare adoption in India.

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E-pharmacy, Consumer Behaviour, Digital Healthcare, Online Pharmacy, Gujarat, Adaptation, E-commerce Healthcare

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Prosthetic arms have significantly improved the quality of life for individuals with amputations, enabling them to regain functionality. However, a critical challenge persists: controlling the precise amount of force when interacting with objects. This project addresses the issue by integrating Electromyographic (EMG) signals, voice commands, flex sensors, and fire sensors into a prosthetic system. The EMG signals are utilized to estimate the user's intended force, enabling the prosthetic to adapt its grip to handle soft objects delicately and firm objects securely, mimicking natural hand functionality. The voice command interface allows for the execution of complex hand movements with greater accuracy by combining muscle signals and spoken instructions, ensuring seamless and intuitive control. Additionally, flex sensors are incorporated to detect the bending of fingers, providing real-time feedback on hand positioning and enhancing the system's ability to perform intricate tasks. A fire sensor is integrated as a safety feature, enabling the prosthetic to detect and respond to hazardous heat or fire situations, thereby protecting the user from potential injuries. This multifaceted design ensures the prosthetic arm offers users improved control, precision, and safety. By allowing users to perform a wide range of tasks with the appropriate force and accuracy, the system enhances their independence and overall quality of life.

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Prosthetic Arm , Electromyographic Signals , Voice Command Control , Force Control,Adaptive Grip Mechanism

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The research "A Study on Job Search Opportunities through Social Media Platforms" explores factors influencing job search engagement, focusing on LinkedIn's role in digital recruitment. It examines the impact of networking, employer branding, and recruiter outreach on career decisions. Using a descriptive design with a sample of 106 job seekers, the study employs percentage analysis, Chi-square, ANOVA, and correlation tests. Findings highlight LinkedIn's effectiveness in enhancing professional visibility and personal branding. The study emphasizes employer branding and recruiter outreach in attracting applicants. Recommendations help job seekers optimize LinkedIn profiles for better job search success

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Job search opportunities, social media platforms, LinkedIn, digital recruitment, networking, employer branding, recruiter outreach, career decisions, professional visibility, personal branding, descriptive design, percentage analysis, , job seekers, LinkedIn profile optimization.

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The increasing need for efficient and automated attendance management systems has led to the development of face recognition-based solutions. Traditional methods such as manual attendance and RFID systems are prone to inaccuracies and inefficiencies. This research presents an automatic attendance system using Raspberry Pi and the Viola-Jones algorithm, integrated with OpenCV for real-time face detection and recognition. The Viola-Jones algorithm, known for its rapid and accurate face detection, is employed to identify faces in a live video feed captured by a camera module connected to the Raspberry Pi. The system preprocesses the images, extracts facial features, and matches them against a pre-stored database for authentication. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system achieves high accuracy and efficiency in different lighting conditions and facial orientations. The integration of Raspberry Pi ensures a low-cost, portable, and scalable solution suitable for academic institutions and workplaces. Conclusively, the study highlights the effectiveness of the Viola-Jones algorithm in real-time attendance monitoring, providing a secure, contactless, and reliable method for identity verification. Future enhancements could include deep learning techniques to improve recognition accuracy and adaptability in complex environments. This research contributes to the growing demand for automated biometric attendance systems by offering a practical and cost-effective solution.

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Face Recognition, Viola-Jones Algorithm, Raspberry Pi, OpenCV, Automatic Attendance System, Real-Time Face Detection, Biometric Authentication, Contactless Attendance, Image Processing

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Nowadays the sleep cycle of the people was completely affected due to the electronic screen time, physical inactivity, caffeine before bedtime, irregular sleep schedule, light exposure, stress, depression, etc. This results in fatigue and lethargy, bipolar disorder, insomnia, cognitive impairment, premature aging, mood-related disorder, reduced quality of life, increased risk of accidents, weakened immune system, cardiovascular problems, etc. So, the sleep mask is used to improve the sleep cycle of an individual. It increases melatonin secretion, reduces eye strain, and provides relaxation and stress relief. This eyemask made with bamboo fabric is also known for being hypoallergenic in nature and also contains antimicrobial properties in nature that help to reduce the growth of microorganisms. Which produce comfort and breathability result in reduced stress and improved relaxation to the wearer. The ingredients present in the eye mask are hibiscus (Hibiscus sabdariffa), maritime pine (Pinus pinaster), jojoba oil (Simmonds chinensis), and vetiver essential oil (Chrysopogon zanioides). The hibiscus (Hibiscus sabdariffa) consists of anti-inflammatory properties, which help to reduce eye puffiness; antioxidant properties, which help to prevent the skin from damage; and soothing and calming effects on the skin, which help to reduce stress and result in relaxation, resulting in improved sleep quality. The maritime pine (Pinus pinaster), jojoba oil (Simmonds chinensis), and vetiver essential oil (Chrysopogon zizanioides) are all anti-inflammatory, which aids in reducing eye puffiness and soothing the skin. The maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) also contains antiseptic properties, which helps to arrest the eyes from infection. The jojoba oil (Simmonds chinensis) consists of moisturizing properties that aid in nourishing the skin. The vetiver essential oil (Chrysopogon zizanioides) consists of soothing properties that relieve the skin from stress and result in increased relaxation. While merging these ingredients by the boiling method, that results in eliminating eye puffiness, dark circles, promoting relaxation, eliminating stress, improving skin hydration, and increasing the sleep cycle.

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Eye puffiness, improve sleep cycle, Reduce stress, Skin hydration, Pinus pinaster, Chrysopogon zanioides.

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Kamala Markandaya was really concerned with the plight of rural India before independence. Amid several afflictions, starvation and humiliation are the most distressing and repugnant preoccupations, according to her perspective. These afflictions also reflect societal issues in India before independence. In her many works, she has addressed various struggles pertaining to aspects of Indian society, such as social and political issues. The novels depicted below exemplify the deterioration of characters, leading them into a horrific predicament after all else has transpired.

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starvation, humiliation, distressing, horrific, deterioration

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The agricultural sector plays a crucial role in global food security, yet plant diseases significantly impact crop yields and quality. Traditional disease detection methods rely on manual inspection, which is time-consuming and prone to errors. This paper explores the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI), specifically Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), in detecting plant diseases through leaf image analysis. Using publicly available datasets like PlantVillage and AI Challenger 2018, we preprocess images, train deep learning models, and evaluate performance using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score metrics. The proposed approach aims to enhance disease identification efficiency, offering a scalable solution for modern precision agriculture. Future work includes integrating environmental data and deploying real-time mobile applications for farmers.

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Plant Disease Detection, Artificial Intelligence, Deep Learning, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Machine Learning, Image Processing, Precision Agriculture, Computer Vision, Leaf Image Analysis, Smart Farming, Predictive Analytics, IoT in Agriculture, Automated Disease Diagnosis, Sustainable Agriculture, Crop Health Monitoring

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