Volume 13 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

At present the world is transforming very quickly, youth who are the future of the world are struggling to get adjusted to this transforming world. Youth are pressurized much from various aspects causing to stress. Hence the researcher felt to take up the experimental study to find the effectiveness of life skills training on ability to cope with stress among secondary school students. For the present study 84 secondary school students were chosen using multipurpose sampling technique. The research carried out by pre-test post-test experimental design was used. Researcher developed life skills training modules to give training for experimental group and given training find the significance difference between experimental group and control group pre-test and post-test scores. Analysis the result proper statistical techniques used. The result revealed that life skills training significantly impacted on experimental group.

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 Keywords

Stress, Coping, Strategies, Emphasize, Experimental, Control

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 Abstract

Introduction: Customer satisfaction plays a crucial role in the success and sustainability of retail businesses, including small convenience stores such as Baqala stores. The objective of this study is to determine the level of customer satisfaction in baqala stores in Qatar. It explores customer satisfaction in the baqalas in terms of merchandise value, internal store environment, personal interaction, merchandise variety, and complaint handling. Methodology: This study utilized a quantitative descriptive design. A total of one hundred thirty-four (134) respondents in chosen baqala stores were gathered using convenience sampling. Results: Based on the data, baqala customers, when grouped according to age and sex, have a high level of satisfaction in personal interaction and merchandise variety, whereas internal store environment had the lowest satisfaction level. Discussion: No significant differences were found in the respondents' demographic profiles, particularly in terms of age and sex. Customer satisfaction in baqalas is generally high, with personal interaction being the most favorable dimension, while the internal store environment was rated the lowest. Recommendations: Based on the results, it is recommended that baqalas need to implement a structured marketing strategic plan that aligns with customer preferences to better serve their target market, meet customers' needs, and to further increase customer satisfaction.

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 Keywords

Baqala; Convenience; Customer Satisfaction; Retail; In-Store Shopping

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The leafy green spinach (Spinacia oleracea) is high in nutrients and has a solid reputation for promoting general health. Rich in vital vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and other bioactive substances, spinach can help prevent and treat a number of chronic illnesses, such as cancer, heart disease, and metabolic problems. This paper takes a close look at the biochemistry, nutritional makeup, and health benefits of spinach. It also explores how different factors such as food processing methods and bioavailability to impact its nutritional value. Special attention is given to the plant's metabolic pathways, enzymatic activities, and secondary metabolites that contribute to its therapeutic potential. Finally, the paper highlights the need for future research aimed at improving nutrient absorption and maximizing the health benefits of spinach through better agricultural and processing techniques.

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 Keywords

Nutritional, Bioavailability, Spinach, Chronic Illness, Enzymatic activities

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This paper details the development and construction of a cycloidal gearbox designed to deliver high torque within compact mechanical systems. Cycloidal drives are known for their low backlash, high torque capacity, and space efficiency, making them well-suited for use in robotics and industrial automation. The project encompassed CAD design, finite element analysis (FEA), and the physical fabrication of a prototype single-stage cycloidal gearbox. Key performance metrics including gear ratio, torque output, and efficiency were measured and compared with theoretical predictions. The completed assembly confirmed the viability of producing cost-effective, high-performance cycloidal drives for a range of engineering applications.

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 Keywords

FEA, CAD Design, Cycloidal Gearbox, Fabrication, High torque transmission, Gearbox design, Efficiency

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This study aims to detect lung cancer at its early stages and evaluate the accuracy of various machine learning models used in this process. Through an extensive review of existing literature, it was observed that some classification algorithms yield lower accuracy, while others perform better but still fall short of achieving near-perfect results. One of the major challenges is the high implementation cost and low accuracy, often due to the improper handling of DICOM images. In medical imaging, several types of scans are available, but CT (Computed Tomography) images are preferred due to their reduced noise levels. Deep learning has emerged as the most effective approach for tasks like lung nodule detection, classification, feature extraction, and predicting the stage of lung cancer. The proposed system initially applies image processing methods to isolate the lung region. Segmentation is carried out using the K-Means clustering algorithm. After segmentation, features are extracted and classified using multiple machine learning techniques. The efficiency of these methods is assessed based on accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and classification time.

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 Keywords

Structural Co-occurrence Matrix (SCM), Classifier, Dataset, ROC Curve, Malignant Nodule, Benign Nodule

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This study explores the complex and far-reaching impact of colonialism and Christianity on the Rengma Naga, a distinct Indigenous community in Northeast India. It critically examines the profound transitions in their socio-political and cultural landscape brought about by these twin forces of historical change. With a focus on the Rengma's traditional political institutions, the paper traces how pre-colonial governance structures, rooted in customary laws and community consensus, began to evolve and decline with the advent of British colonial rule and the introduction of Christianity. These external influences not only redefined authority and decision-making within Rengma society but also catalyzed a broader shift toward modern political institutions. While colonial administration often undermined indigenous governance through indirect rule and restructuring of territorial boundaries, the arrival of Christianity brought new educational and moral frameworks that further accelerated cultural transformation. As traditional beliefs and rituals were gradually replaced, many Rengma practices once central to communal life were sidelined or reinterpreted through Christian norms. This dual intervention--administrative and spiritual--reshaped the identity and cohesion of the community in ways that continue to reverberate today. Rather than viewing these changes as linear or purely disruptive, the study adopts a nuanced lens that considers both loss and adaptation. It foregrounds the agency of the Rengma in navigating these shifts, illustrating how elements of tradition have persisted or transformed within new contexts. By drawing on oral histories, archival records, and ethnographic insights, the article contributes to broader debates on colonial encounter, religious conversion, and indigenous resilience in the Northeast.

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 Keywords

Rengma Naga, Colonialism, Christianity, Western Education, Traditional political Institution, Modern political institutions.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The project has been developed with the goal of enhancing online security by identifying and mitigating phishing threats. Phishing attacks have been identified as a major security concern, and traditional methods of detection have proven insufficient in handling sophisticated attacks. In this project, machine learning models have been employed to analyze URLs and classify them as either legitimate or phishing. Various features extracted from URLs, such as the presence of suspicious keywords, domain age, and the structure of the URL, have been considered for accurate classification. Datasets containing labeled URLs have been used for training and testing the models, with performance metrics evaluated to ensure optimal detection rates. The models have been optimized and validated using standard evaluation techniques, and their efficiency in real world scenarios has been demonstrated. By implementing this approach, the risks associated with phishing websites have been significantly reduced, and the reliability of the proposed solution has been confirmed

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 Keywords

Phishing Detection Online Security URL Classification Machine Learning Cybersecurity URL Features Suspicious Keywords Domain Age Phishing URLs Legitimate URLs Feature Extraction Model Evaluation Classification Models Threat Mitigation Detection Accuracy Dataset Labeling Real-world Application URL Structure Analysis Security Enhancement Phishing Prevention

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The study reveals that the opportunities driven dimension has a significant influence on the perceived marketing performance (PMP) of SMME entrepreneurs. Proactiveness and continuous innovation dimensions also have a significant impact on SMME units' PMP. However, the influence of customer intensity and risk-taking dimensions is not significant. The resource leverage dimension has a significant influence on SMME units' PMP. The study assumes that EM's dimension effect on the production and marketing performance of SMEs is moderated by gender. Women entrepreneurs have a higher influence on the opportunities-driven dimension than men, while proactiveness and continuous innovation dimensions have a significant difference. The study also finds that customer intensity and risk-taking dimensions have less significant influence on SMME performance.

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 Keywords

Perceived Marketing Performance, Entrepreneurial Marketing, Continuous Innovation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Credit card fraud poses a significant threat to individuals, businesses, and financial institutions globally. The ever-evolving complexity of fraudulent techniques needs the expansion of innovative and vigorous detection systems. Machine learning (ML) algorithms have occurred as controlling tools in this domain, capable of identifying complex shapes and irregularities indicative of fraudulent transactions. This paper provides a complete impression of credit card fraud detection using ML techniques, discovering various algorithms, data preprocessing methods, performance valuation metrics, and tasks related with structure current fraud detection systems. We delve into the strengths and boundaries of different ML approaches and discuss future directions for investigate in this dangerous area.

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 Keywords

Credit Card Fraud Detection, Machine Learning, Anomaly Detection, Classification, Imbalanced Data, Fraud Prevention

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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One way to do this is to determine the students' perceptions and their expectations of the educational environment. Students' perceptions and expectations can be a good basis for reform and improvement of the quality of the educational environment. There is a direct relationship between the learning of students and their perceptions of the educational environment. The research approach was quantitative in nature. 50 nursing students who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected using non probability convenient sampling technique. Interview method and rating scale was used to collect data.The study findings revealed that majority of the students had high level of expectation about their education, professionals and facilities in that, most of them were also satisfied with their education pattern, professionals and facilities.

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 Keywords

expectation. satisfaction

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition