Volume 13 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

Mental health issues are increasingly prevalent, necessitating reliable and automated diagnostic tools. This study leverages survey and behavioral data to predict mental health illnesses using Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest, and Decision Tree algorithms. The system comprises two essential modules: Admin and User. The Admin module facilitates dataset management, preprocessing, model training, and performance comparison through visual analytics. The User module allows individuals to sign up, log in, and receive mental health predictions from trained models. By integrating various machine learning techniques, the system enhances diagnostic accuracy and model efficiency. This approach minimizes reliance on traditional survey-based evaluations while enabling real-time, user-friendly mental health detection. Machine learning-driven mental health prediction holds significant potential for expanding access to early assessment and intervention.

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 Keywords

Automatic Diagnosis, Early Detection, Behavioural Analysis, Data-Driven Prediction, Comparative Analysis, User-Friendly Interface, SVM, Random Forest, Decision Trees, Mental Health Detection.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Susan Hill's The Woman in Black is a gothic novel rich in symbolism, which enhances its themes of fear, loss, and the supernatural. The titular character, the Woman in Black, serves as a potent symbol of unresolved grief and vengeance, haunting the living as a manifestation of past traumas. The isolated Eel Marsh House, with its decaying structure and oppressive atmosphere, symbolizes entrapment and the inescapability of the past. The recurring motifs of fog, darkness, and silence further amplify the novel's eerie tone, representing confusion, the unknown, and the suppression of truth. Through these symbols, Hill explores the psychological impact of unresolved sorrow and the enduring power of memory, creating a narrative that transcends mere ghost story conventions to delve into deeper human emotions and fears.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

symbols, gothic, narration, human emotions, haunt

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Civil services are the backbone of governance in India, responsible for policy implementation, administration, and public service delivery. They play a crucial role in nation-building by ensuring stability, enforcing laws, and executing welfare programs. However, inefficiencies such as bureaucratic delays, lack of specialization, and political interference have historically affected their effectiveness. This paper explores how the role of civil services has evolved post-2014, comparing it with the pre-2014 system and analyzing the impact of key reforms. Before 2014, India's civil services operated in a rigid structure characterized by seniority-based promotions, limited performance evaluations, and a slow decision-making process. Political interference in transfers and appointments often disrupted policy continuity. However, after 2014, major reforms aimed at making the system more transparent, accountable, and technology-driven were introduced. Initiatives such as Mission KarmYogi, lateral entry of experts, the minimum tenure policy, and e-governance platforms like CPGRAMS, Direct Benefit Transfers (DBT), and e-HRMS have significantly improved efficiency and service delivery. Despite these advancements, challenges remain. Some bureaucrats resist change, political influence persists in certain areas, and the full implementation of reforms is still in progress. This paper examines both the successes and limitations of these reforms while proposing strategies to further strengthen civil services for better governance. Overall, while India's civil services have become more effective post-2014, continuous efforts are needed to enhance their responsiveness, efficiency, and adaptability to modern governance needs.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Civil Societies , Nation, Nation Building

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study explores the perceived financial literacy among the Scheduled Castes in Ahmedabad. Data were collected from 667 participants using a structured, close-ended questionnaire distributed through Google Forms, focusing on 14 key areas of financial literacy such as understanding basic financial concepts, managing household budgets, and identifying financial products. The findings show that respondents generally rate their financial knowledge as moderate, with strong positive relationships among different literacy dimensions, indicating that those confident in one area often feel similarly across others. Interestingly, the results also suggest a cautious investment approach, as individuals with higher perceived financial literacy tend to invest a smaller portion of their salary. Moreover, family and friends, along with traditional media sources like newspapers, are the main channels through which respondents receive financial information. Overall, the study highlights the need for targeted financial education initiatives to empower this community and enhance their financial decision-making skills.

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 Keywords

Financial literacy, Scheduled Castes, Perception, Ahmedabad, Financial Behaviour

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study has investigated the economic conditions of Self-Help Group (SHG) members in Chitradurga City by examining the changes in their socio-economic status before and after joining SHGs. The primary objective has been to assess the impact of SHGs on members' income levels, financial stability, access to microfinance, and overall livelihood. The research has utilized a descriptive design, incorporating both primary and secondary data. A sample of 125 SHG members from various socio-economic backgrounds has been selected using a stratified random sampling technique. Data have been analysed through paired t-tests to identify significant differences before and after joining SHGs. The findings have indicated a notable improvement in the economic conditions of members, particularly in income levels, financial stability, and access to microfinance. A significant reduction in the number of members with low-income levels and an increase in financial stability ratings have suggested the positive impact of SHGs. Moreover, members' access to microfinance resources has improved substantially, with a marked increase in those reporting enhanced financial independence and entrepreneurial activities. However, some members have experienced minimal changes in employment opportunities and financial conditions. This study has highlighted the potential of SHGs in promoting socio-economic empowerment, particularly for marginalized women, and has emphasized their role in fostering sustainable economic development.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Self-Help Groups, economic conditions, financial stability, microfinance

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This article examines a wide range of creative conservative explanations for social inequality. Child labor is one of the oldest issues that continues to exist today. Child laborers were compelled to work in urban factories during that time, which contributed to the outcome of the Industrial Revolution. Child abuse is a severe issue that hinders children's emotional, sexual, and physical development. The youngster may suffer severe, permanent psychological harm as a result of these problems. A Little Life (2015) by Hanya Yanagihara examines the problematic framework of trauma theory. Jude, the main character, was sexually abused as a youngster, and the terrible consequences are depicted as a self-harming adult in this divergent story.A Little Life is undoubtedly a tiresome, verbose, and incredibly gloomy book that also portrayed the lives of working-class and impoverished children. The treatment of orphans in the contemporary world and how it destroys their lives are the primary goals of this essay. Additionally, it draws attention to A Little Life's topics, storytelling styles, and tactics. Thus, this essay aims to examine the book A Little Life from the standpoint of trauma. Furthermore, it examines the trauma ideologies that can be examined in relation to the notions of child abuse.

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Psychoanalysis of child abuse and treachery in "A Little Life" by Hanya Yanagihara

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This study explores the self and peer perception of children with locomotor disabilities in secondary schools and its impact on their educational aspirations. Using a causal-comparative approach, the research examines how social acceptance, teacher support, parental involvement, and school policies influence academic motivation and performance. Findings reveal that positive peer interactions boost confidence and engagement, while social exclusion leads to lower self-esteem and academic struggles. Teachers and school administrators play a vital role in fostering inclusion through adaptive teaching methods and anti-discrimination policies. Additionally, parental and community support significantly enhances resilience and aspiration levels. The study highlights the psychological challenges faced by students with locomotor disabilities and emphasizes the need for structured interventions such as peer mentoring, counseling, and accessibility improvements. Recommendations include strengthening inclusive education policies, enhancing teacher training, and promoting disability awareness programs. This research underscores the importance of creating an equitable educational environment for all students.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Locomotor Disability, Educational Aspiration and Social Acceptance

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Cloud computing, which provides adequate storage and computation capability, has been a prevalent information infrastructure. Secure data sharing is a basic demand when data was outsourced to a cloud server. Attribute-based proxy re-encryption has been a promising approach that allows secure encrypted data sharing on clouds. With attribute-based proxy re-encryption, a delegator can designate a set of shared users through issuing a re-encryption key which will be used by the cloud server to transform the delegator's encrypted data to the shared users'. However, the existing attribute-based proxy re-encryption schemes lack a mechanism of revoking users from the sharing set which is critical for data sharing systems. Therefore, in this article, we propose a concrete attribute-based proxy re-encryption with direct revocation mechanism (ABPRE-DR) for encrypted data sharing that enables the cloud server to directly revoke users from the original sharing set involved in the re-encryption key. We implemented the new schemes and evaluated its performance. The experimental results show that the proposed ABPRE-DR scheme is efficient and practical.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Amazon Web Service,Cloud Computing

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Bodh Gaya Temple Act of 1949, enacted by the Bihar government, established the Bodhgaya Temple Management Committee (BTMC) to oversee the administration of the Mahabodhi Temple complex in Bodh Gaya, a site of immense significance as the place where Siddhartha Gautama attained enlightenment. The Act stipulates that the BTMC comprises eight members: four Buddhists and four Hindus, with the Gaya District Magistrate serving as the ex-officio chairperson. Notably, if the District Magistrate is not a Hindu, the government is mandated to appoint a Hindu as the chairperson. Over the years, this composition has been a focal point of contention. Buddhist communities and organizations have argued that the Act's provisions disproportionately favor non-Buddhists, thereby undermining the autonomy of Buddhists in managing one of their most sacred sites. They assert that the equal representation of Hindus and Buddhists, coupled with the stipulation regarding the chairperson's religious affiliation, does not reflect the temple's intrinsic Buddhist heritage. This sentiment has led to calls for either amending or repealing the Act to ensure that Buddhists have predominant control over the temple's administration. In response to these concerns, the Bihar government introduced the Bodh Gaya Temple (Amendment) Bill in 2013. This amendment allowed for a non-Hindu District Magistrate to serve as the chairperson of the BTMC, thereby removing the previous requirement that mandated a Hindu chairperson in such scenarios. The government's rationale was rooted in upholding the secular principles enshrined in the Indian Constitution. Chief Minister Nitish Kumar emphasized that the District Magistrate, as a government representative, embodies the state's secular credentials. Despite this amendment, many Buddhist leaders and organizations remain dissatisfied. They argue that the core issue--the equal representation of Hindus and Buddhists on the BTMC--persists, and that Buddhists should have a majority stake in the management of their sacred site. For instance, in November 2024, the Federation of Barua Buddhist Welfare Association of Assam organized a general meeting to demand the repeal of the BTMC Act. They contended that the Act, in its current form, does not adequately represent the interests of the Buddhist community and called for the temple's management to be entrusted solely to Buddhists. Similarly, the All India Buddhist Forum (AIBF) submitted a memorandum in June 2023, urging the repeal of the Bodh Gaya Temple Act of 1949. They highlighted that the Act's provisions violate the rights and dignity of millions of Buddhists worldwide by denying them rightful autonomy over the management and preservation of their religious heritage. The AIBF pointed out that, under the Act, the BTMC consists of nine members, only four of whom are Buddhists, with the remaining members, including the District Magistrate as chairperson, being non-Buddhists. This structure, they argue, creates an imbalanced power dynamic that risks subordinating the interests and spiritual values of the Buddhist community. In conclusion, while the Bodh Gaya Temple Act of 1949 was initially instituted to oversee the administration of the Mahabodhi Temple complex, its provisions have been a source of ongoing debate and dissatisfaction among Buddhist communities. Despite amendments aimed at addressing some concerns, calls for repealing or further amending the Act continue, with advocates seeking greater autonomy and representation for Buddhists in managing their sacred heritag

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 Keywords

o Bodh Gaya Temple Act 1949 o Mahabodhi Temple o Bodhgaya Temple Management Committee (BTMC) o Buddhist autonomy o District Magistrate o Secularism o Bihar government o Religious representation o Buddhist community o Hindu-Buddhist relations o BTMC Act amendment o All India Buddhist Forum (AIBF) o Federation of Barua Buddhist Welfare Association of Assam o Temple management o Religious rights.

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Epidemiology is the scientific study and distribution of various determinants of health and various disease condition in a particular group of community of people. This epidemiology used to determine the health condition of particular community of people and so as to assess the health status of particular district. In Tamil Nadu there some specific diseases that are more prominent in particular community of people.Homoeopathy is the scientific system of medicine which deals how to cure a disease by means of medicine in minimum dosage. It is based upon drug proving on healthy individual of varying ages, both male & female. Homoeopathy is a German system and alternate form medicine to modern system of medicine . In aphorism 100 &101 deals with epidemiological disease. The application of epidemiology in homoeopathy will help us to understand the complete drug picture of disease and leads to choose the remedy homoeopathically in an ordered manner. Tamil Nadu is divided into various zones they are northeast, northwest, western, Cauvery delta zone, south zone. Salem district in Tamil Nadu which is more prevalent to lung disease and its epidemiological condition is are to be studied The major aim of this research is to enhance the application of homoeopathy in lung disease Salem dst.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Epidemiology, homeopathic medicine, lung disease, Salem dist.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition