Volume 13 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

Modern retail platforms increasingly rely on distributed microservice architectures to support large-scale order processing and digital commerce operations. Deploying new features in such environments introduces significant risks related to system reliability, security exposure, and transaction integrity. While A/B testing is widely used for feature validation, traditional experimentation frameworks often lack integrated mechanisms for security enforcement and real-time system observability.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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A/B testing, distributed systems, retail order processing, observability, experimentation infrastructure

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Religion has been an inseparable aspect of human civilization; however, in the twenty-first century, religious conflict has emerged as one of the gravest threats to global peace. From the Middle East to South Asia, from Africa to Europe, the escalating violence, intolerance, and animosity perpetrated in the name of religion represent a profound crisis for human values. In this turbulent landscape, Mahatma Gandhi's doctrine of Satyagraha emerges as a relevant and effective framework for resolution. This research paper analyses how the core concepts of Gandhian Satyagraha--Ahimsa (nonviolence), Satya (truth), Sarva Dharma Samabhava (equal respect for all religions), the Constructive Programme, and self-purification--can contribute to the resolution of contemporary religious conflicts. Drawing on diverse case studies, historical examples, and contemporary conflict-resolution theory, the paper establishes that the Gandhian approach is capable not only of de-escalating religious violence, but also of fostering a durable culture of tolerance and coexistence.

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 Keywords

Satyagraha, Ahimsa, Religious Conflict, Sarva Dharma Samabhava, Conflict Resolution, Gandhism, Interfaith Dialogue, Nonviolent Resistance

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In this paper, we explore the dual nature of human welfare--worldly and eschatological--through a philosophical introspection of economics as a social science. While traditional economics has been primarily concerned with material well-being and prosperity, there is an increasing recognition that economic systems should also address spiritual and ethical dimensions of human existence. By reviewing economic theories and religious philosophies, we examine how concepts of welfare can be expanded to include not just temporal prosperity but also the soul's ultimate fulfillment. Drawing on classical economic thought, as well as insights from Islamic, Christian, Buddhist, and Hindu traditions, we discuss how economics can serve as a tool to balance material needs with spiritual values. This paper proposes that economics, as a field of inquiry and practice, should transcend its material focus and contribute to the holistic welfare of individuals and societies, incorporating both worldly progress and eschatological well-being.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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worldly welfare, eschatological welfare, ethical economics, sustainable development, human well-being.

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This study investigates midpoint convex sets as a relaxation of classical convexity in linear spaces. Every convex set is midpoint convex, but the converse need not hold. We establish foundational results: stability under intersections, Minkowski combinations, linear images and pre-images, and translations. We also clarify when midpoint convexity upgrades to full convexity, notably under closedness, local boundedness, or mild regularity (e.g. measurability). Several examples and counterexamples are provided, and we correct a common misconception: unions of midpoint convex sets are generally not midpoint convex unless the family is nested (i.e. a chain). Short geometric figures illustrate the midpoint property, non-midpoint-convex union, and dyadic construction that underlies many proofs. These observations are relevant to functional analysis, convex geometry, optimisation, and the study of Jensen-type structures.

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Convex set, midpoint convex set, linear space, linear transformation, translation Dyadic convexity Jensen convexity.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The Laokhowa and Burhachapori Wildlife Sanctuaries (LBWLS) are two of the most important sanctuaries in Assam, extending on the southern bank of the Brahmaputra in Nagaon district. They form part of a larger conservation complex together with the Kaziranga, Orang, Laokhowa, and Burhachapori. Laokhowa is 70.1 km2, and Burhachapori is originally 44.06 km2 (Ojah, 2012; Ojah, 2016), but the First Addition was made in 2019 in order to increase ecological connectivity with Kaziranga (Government of Assam, 2022). It is an ecologically rich land that is a combination of riverine grassland and settlements punctuated by bands of semi-evergreen places and large wetlands, which form this interaction of the Brahmaputra.

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Weaving Futures from Weeds: Women, Water Hyacinth, and Livelihoods on the Edge of Laokhowa-Burhachapori

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Analysis of the utility of ancient Indian knowledge tradition in the current education system

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Analysis of the utility of ancient Indian knowledge tradition in the current education system

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Housing is a basic human need and a key indicator of socio-economic development. The Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana-Urban (PMAY-U), launched in 2015 by the Government of India, aims to provide "Housing for All. In Chhattisgarh, the scheme has achieved substantial progress, with over 4.6 lakh houses sanctioned and nearly 3.8 lakh completed as of 2024. The Raipur Division--comprising Raipur, Mahasamund, Dhamtari, Balodabazar, and Gariyaband--has been one of the most active regions in implementing PMAY-U, contributing significantly to the state's overall housing performance. The present study reviews the progress of PMAY-U implementation in the Raipur Division using secondary data sources such as reports from the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA), Chhattisgarh Housing Board, and State Urban Development Agency (SUDA). The findings indicate that Raipur district alone accounts for approximately 35% of the total sanctioned units in the division, reflecting effective coordination between state and urban local bodies. Beneficiary-Led Construction (BLC) and Affordable Housing in Partnership (AHP) components have emerged as the dominant modes of implementation. Despite challenges such as land availability, beneficiary contribution delays, and administrative bottlenecks. The Raipur Division, being one of the key urban clusters, has made considerable strides in the construction and allocation of affordable housing units. This progress is part of the broader state-level momentum, where Chhattisgarh has actively facilitated the execution of PMAY-U by efficiently channelizing both central and state financial resources.

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 Keywords

ULB, CG, EWS, BLC

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study explores Impact of Social Justice Movements in India on Policy. Social justice movements in India have been instrumental in challenging systemic injustices and advocating for policy reforms that promote equality and justice. Historically rooted in struggles against caste discrimination, gender inequality, and economic disparities, social justice movements in India have mobilized diverse communities to address entrenched inequalities. Women's rights movements have campaigned for legislative changes, including laws against dowry harassment and domestic violence, and have pushed for greater political representation and economic empowerment for women. Environmental justice movements have highlighted issues of land rights, pollution, and climate justice, influencing policies on resource management and sustainable development. This study critically examines the role of social justice movements in influencing political change across democratic and authoritarian regimes. Social justice movements--collective efforts aimed at rectifying systemic inequalities related to race, gender, class, sexuality, and other axes of identity--have historically played a transformative role in shaping public discourse, policymaking, and institutional reform. The study also explores the dynamic interplay between movements and the state, emphasizing how governments respond through policy adaptation, repression, or co-optation. Furthermore, it assesses the long-term effectiveness of social justice movements in securing structural changes, such as the expansion of civil rights, police and criminal justice reform, and shifts in public policy narratives. The analysis incorporates both qualitative case studies and quantitative data on protest frequency, public opinion shifts, and legislative outcomes. Findings suggest that while not all social justice movements achieve their stated goals, their cumulative influence significantly alters the political landscape by redefining what issues are seen as politically urgent and morally compelling. The paper concludes by discussing the conditions under which social justice movements are most likely to affect political change, including the presence of institutional allies, widespread public support, and strategic framing of demands. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of how collective action fosters political accountability and social transformation in the 21st century.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Social justice movements, Political change, Activism, Grassroots mobilization, Policy reform, civil rights, Political transformation, Collective action, Systemic inequality, Social movements

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition