Volume 13 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

Desertification and desert spreading are two different terms. Desertification refers to the degradation of land in arid, semi-arid, and dry sub-humid regions caused by climatic variations and human activities while the desert expansion is the process of expanding the existing deserts in the adjoining areas due to the activities of strong winds and deforestation. In Haryana, particularly its southern and south western districts, faces increasing desert expansion due to ecological degradation, groundwater depletion, mining, deforestation, and climate change. The winds coming from adjoining State Rajasthan are loaded with sand which get settled in districts of southern Haryana resulting in spread of deserts. District Bhiwani,Charkhi Dadri and Hisar are most affected districts.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Phyto-reclamation, desertification, desert expansion, ecological restoration, agro-forestry, hardy, native Species.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) has emerged as one of India's most important rural development and social protection programmes, significantly contributing to women's livelihood security, financial inclusion, and social empowerment. By providing guaranteed wage employment, the scheme has enhanced income security, reduced economic vulnerability, and created sustainable livelihood opportunities for rural women. Women's participation under MGNREGA has consistently exceeded the statutory requirement, highlighting its importance as a gender-inclusive employment programme.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

MGNREGA, Women's Empowerment, Livelihood Security, Financial Inclusion, Rural India, Gender and Public Policy, Social Protection, Common Property Resources, Wage Autonomy

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study was designed to investigate the phytochemicals and antimicrobial activity of the volatile oil of the plant extract of Capparis cartilaginea. GC and GC-MS analysis of the essential oil resulted in the identification of eighteen chemical constituents representing 98.88 % of the oil. Isopropyl isothiocyanate (32.03 %), butyl isothiocyanate (24.95 %), 2-nitrilebutane (6.23 %), and isobutyl isothiocyanate (5.61 %) were the major components. The essential oil shows significant antibacterial and antifungal activity than principle components.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Capparis cartilaginea L.; Essential oil; Antibacterial activity; Antifungal activity; GC; GC-MS; Isopropyl isothiocyanate; Butyl isothiocyanate; 2-nitrilebutane.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Vidya Bindu Singh ke Katha Sahitya mein Chitrit Dharmik Paksh

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Vidya Bindu Singh ke Katha Sahitya mein Chitrit Dharmik Paksh

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly influencing social work practice by enhancing operational efficiency, supporting informed decision-making, and enabling data-oriented interventions. This paper provides a critical examination of the opportunities, ethical concerns, and professional consequences associated with the adoption of AI within the Indian context. Drawing on theoretical perspectives such as the Person-in-Environment approach and the Ethics of Care, the study explores the growing use of AI tools--including predictive analytics, machine learning, and automated systems--in areas such as welfare delivery, child protection, and mental health services.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence, Social Work Practice, Ethics, India, Digital Practice, Algorithmic Bias, Public Policy

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Internship is a compulsory part of any teacher education programme. Internship plays a significant role in the overall development of the student-teachers (trainees). Like all other professional programmes, field engagement is an essential component of any teacher education programme. Internship has a pivotal role in the teacher education professional courses which provides a complete experience of teaching-learning environments and other day-to-day happenings of the schools in real ground situations. The aim of this study is to know the effectiveness of Internship Programme in Teacher Education Course in relation to gender, type of college, location and pedagogy

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Internship Programme, Teacher Education.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Purpose of the study was to investigate the Comparative Study on Agility among Different kanyashree cup women Soccer Players. For the present study a total subject (N-100) Kanyashree cup women soccer players of West Bengal, age ranging 15-18 years. The researchers selected physical fitness variables that is agility for the present study. The data was analyzed by applying F-test at 0.05 level of significance. The finding of the present study strongly reveals that there was no significant deference among different positional kanyashree cup women soccer players.

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 Keywords

physical fitness, Agility, different football position, Kanyashree cup.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The business environment means all the external and internal factors that influence how an organization operates, makes decisions, and achieves its objectives. It includes elements such as government policies, economic conditions, competitors, technology, customers, and social trends, all of which lie largely outside the control of a business but have a strong impact on its performance. Various changes in the external world often compel businesses to adjust their operations and strategies.The history of banking in India is one of the oldest and most fascinating in the world. Spanning over 3,000 years, India's banking evolution mirrors the country's social, political, and economic transformations from ancient moneylenders and indigenous banking systems to a modern, technology-driven financial ecosystem regulated by the Reserve Bank of India RBI. Understanding this journey provides critical insights into how India's financial architecture was built and how it continues to evolve. Trade data overhaul: FY23 set as new benchmark forexport-import indices.

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 Keywords

Business Enviroinment , Government policies, Environmental changes, Technological and social changes, National Electricity Policy , Modi Govt Unveils Shanti Bill, Ancient and Medieval Banking , Colonial Era of Banking 1700s-1947 , The UPI Revolution and Digital Banking 2016-2020.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Modern retail platforms increasingly rely on distributed microservice architectures to support large-scale order processing and digital commerce operations. Deploying new features in such environments introduces significant risks related to system reliability, security exposure, and transaction integrity. While A/B testing is widely used for feature validation, traditional experimentation frameworks often lack integrated mechanisms for security enforcement and real-time system observability.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

A/B testing, distributed systems, retail order processing, observability, experimentation infrastructure

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition