Volume 14 | Issue 2 |

 Abstract

Tourist ethnocentrism is a socio-psychological phenomenon that is related to in-group bias, where tourists favour the destinations of their own country of origin over those of other countries. Although a poignant factor, ethnocentrism about tourism has rarely been studied. In the aftermath of the COVID-19 crisis, a change could be witnessed in the attitude of people all over the world and the change in their patterns of consumption. As the tourism industry was one of the most adversely affected industries during the pandemic, the connection between COVID-19 and tourism has been the subject matter of numerous studies. But researchers have seldom addressed the ethnocentrism aspect in tourist behaviour. This scoping review paper hereby focuses on building a conceptual understanding of ethnocentrism in tourist behaviour and attempts to determine areas for future studies. The articles found in OpenAlex and Scopus databases relating to tourist ethnocentrism in the last 10 years (i.e., from February 2014 to March 2024) have been identified using PRISMA guidelines. A systematic literature review approach is used to ascertain the current state of research in this area. The conclusion of this study contributes to the field of tourism marketing and has implications for both domestic and international tourism. It shows that a substantial research gap exists in this area and suggests avenues for future studies, such as investigations into how ethnocentrism relates to sustainable tourism and cultural tourism.

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 Keywords

ethnocentrism, tourism, tourist ethnocentrism, tourism marketing

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Abstract The rapid advancement of digital technologies has transformed the way businesses communicate with consumers. Digital marketing has emerged as a strategic tool that enables firms to promote products and services through internet-based and electronic platforms. Unlike conventional marketing, digital marketing allows real-time interaction, performance tracking, personalization, and cost-efficient global outreach. This research paper examines major digital marketing channels, the extended digital marketing mix (7Ps), and their role in increasing product sales. The study also evaluates the comparative relevance of traditional and digital marketing approaches, highlights emerging trends such as artificial intelligence and influencer marketing, and discusses both advantages and limitations of digital strategies. The findings suggest that an integrated and strategically aligned digital marketing framework significantly enhances brand visibility, customer engagement, and revenue growth.

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Keywords: Digital Marketing, Marketing Mix, Online Channels, Sales Growth, Digital Strategy

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Women's health plays a pivotal role in maintaining family well-being and societal progress. Ayurveda, as a holistic medical science, provides extensive descriptions of gynecological disorders under Stree Roga and prescribed many therapeutic approaches for curing diseases of women. Stree suffers with many gynecological diseases including itching, foul smell, vaginal discharge, red or white, burning micturition, PCOD and Yoniarsha. Classical Ayurvedic management of these conditions primarily emphasizes Shodhana Chikitsa, especially Panchakarma therapy. A thorough review of classical Ayurvedic texts reveals that Panchakarma procedures such as Vamana, Virechana, Basti, Nasya, and Raktamokshana gives several health advantages as purification methods in gynecological disorders. Panchakarma pacify vitiated Doshas, maintain hygienic condition and detoxify body thus control pathological progression of various Stree roga. Here an attempt is made for the conceptual study and analyzing diseases of Stree roga. All the classical references regarding chikitsa of the same were collected and analyzed. Study of all these chikitsa sutra found beneficial which are directing towards single base line treatment of Panchakarma chikitsa. The present article reviews the role, rationale, and therapeutic relevance of Panchakarma in various Stree Roga conditions and highlights its preventive as well as curative potential.

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 Keywords

Ayurveda, Panchakarma Chikitsa, Stree Roga, Gynecological disorders

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This manuscript presents an original and analytical examination of the relationship between Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and pulse production in India. Moving beyond descriptive narratives, the study adopts a structural political-economic lens to evaluate productivity trends, ecological contributions, institutional frameworks, and market dynamics influencing the pulse sector. The analysis demonstrates that pulses hold transformative potential for advancing food security, nutritional equity, soil regeneration, and climate resilience. However, persistent yield gaps, policy asymmetry favoring cereals, climate variability, and fragmented value chains constrain their full developmental impact. The paper argues that repositioning pulses within India's agricultural strategy requires integrated reforms encompassing procurement restructuring, agro-ecological intensification, technological innovation, and institutional realignment. The findings contribute to sustainable development scholarship by situating pulse production within the broader framework of structural transformation and ecological modernization.

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Sustainable development goals,pulse, india

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A pyridyl derived Schiff base [N-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)-5-amino-2-methoxypyridine] was synthesized and used as a tridentate (N,N,O) chelating ligand for the preparation of Co(II) and Zn(II) coordination complexes. The ligand and its complexes were systematically characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility, FT-IR, Mass, TGA and UV-Visible spectroscopy. Significant shifts in the azomethine (C=N), pyridine nitrogen and phenolic (C-O) stretching frequencies confirmed tridentate coordination, while electronic spectral features supported an octahedral environment around the metal centers. The antimicrobial potential of the synthesized compounds was evaluated against selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains, and the metal complexes demonstrated enhanced activity compared to the free ligand, likely due to chelation-enhanced lipophilicity and metal-ligand interactions. The results highlight the promising pharmacological relevance of pyridyl based Schiff base metal complexes.

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Schiff base, Metal complex, Octahedral geometry, Spectroscopic characterization, Antimicrobial activity

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Autonomous robotic systems are increasingly applied in indoor logistics, material transportation, and campus environments, where safe navigation and reliable obstacle detection are essential. This paper presents the design and development of a LiDAR-guided autonomous campus delivery robot using Raspberry Pi and ROS 2. The proposed system integrates Raspberry Pi 4B, RP LiDAR, Pi Camera, Arduino, and DC motors to achieve accurate environment perception, intelligent navigation, and stable load transportation. LiDAR provides real-time distance measurement for obstacle detection, while visual input enhances navigation awareness. Raspberry Pi performs high-level processing, SLAM, and decision-making, whereas Arduino handles low-level motor control. Experimental results demonstrate smooth obstacle avoidance, reliable navigation, and stable operation in dynamic indoor environments. The proposed system offers a low-cost, scalable solution for autonomous campus delivery applications.

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Autonomous Robot, LiDAR, Campus Delivery Robot, Raspberry Pi, ROS 2, SLAM, Obstacle Detection, Smart Navigation

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Over the past two decades, virtualization and cloud computing have evolved into foundational pillars of the global digital ecosystem, transforming how organizations design, deploy, and manage computing resources. This journal examines the technological progression from traditional hypervisorbased virtualization to modern lightweight approaches such as containers, MicroVMs, and serverless computing, highlighting how these advancements addressed inefficiencies in classical VM environments. It further explores the emergence of distributed cloud infrastructures that utilize multiregion deployments, edge computing, and intelligent orchestration to meet the increasing demand for lowlatency, highreliability digital services. With the resource allocation, energy efficiency, and system reliability with minimal human intervention. Additionally, the study evaluates multicloud and hybrid cloud strategies that enhance flexibility, reduce vendor dependency, and support regulatory compliance.

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Here are keywords for your journal based on all the topics you included: ? Keywords Virtualization; Hypervisors; Virtualization 2.0; Containers; MicroVMs; Unikernels; Serverless Computing; Cloud Computing; Distributed Cloud Infrastructure; Edge-Cloud Convergence; AI-Driven Cloud Management; Autonomous Data Centers; Multi-Cloud Architecture; Hybrid Cloud Systems; Cloud-Native Infrastructure; Microservices; Kubernetes; Service Mesh; Sustainability; Green Cloud Computing; Energy-Efficient Data C

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Medical negligence has emerged as one of the most complex challenges at the intersection of law, medicine and human rights. It not only concerns the professional accountability of doctors but also directly affects the patients right to health which is constitutionally recognized in India. In this context, forensic science and toxicology plays an increasingly critical role by providing objective evidence in disputes involving medical error, wrongful prescription or unexplained death. This article examines the legal framework governing medical negligence in India with a proper emphasis on the transition from the Indian Penal Code to the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023 alongside the Consumer Protection Act and judicial precedents. It explores how courts rely on forensic medicine and toxicology to establish causation, determine liability and differentiate between civil negligence and criminal recklessness. Special attention is being given to cases involving anesthesia mishaps, poisoning and drug-related deaths where toxicological analysis often becomes the deciding factor. By adopting a comparative perspective, the study also reviews approaches in the United Kingdom and the United States where forensic science has long influenced malpractice litigation. The analysis also demonstrates that a stronger medico-legal infrastructure, combined with the integration of expert forensic opinion into judicial processes is essential to balance patient safety with the protection of medical professionals from frivolous claims. The paper ultimately argues that reinforcing the forensic dimension of medical jurisprudence will strengthen accountability while advancing the broader goal of safeguarding the right to health.

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Medical Negligence, Forensic Science, Toxicology, Medical Jurisprudence, Consumer Protection, Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, Right to Health

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T2DM is a complex metabolic disorder that increases the risk of death in patients with CVD and kidney diseases. Initially, lifestyle modifications and metformin therapy are prescribed. For patients contraindicated for metformin, sulfonylureas are prescribed, but still control was lost. Hence, a new class of drugs is introduced, including SGLT2 inhibitors. Phlorizin is the main drug, and other drugs are derived from phlorizin, including dapagliflozin, canagliflozin, empagliflozin, ertugliflozin, sotagliflozin, etc. SGLT2 inhibitors block SGLT2 receptors present in PCT and reduce glucose and sodium reabsorption, finally leading to a reduction of blood glucose levels. SGLT2 inhibitors result in natriuresis & glucosuria that reduces BP and albuminuria. SGLT2 inhibitors also reduce inflammation & fibrosis, SNS & RAAS activity and serum uric acid, adipokine production, arterial contractility and stiffness and also promote renal haemodynamic action. These agents reduce heart failure hospitalisation and MACE, slow the progression of CKD, and preserve eGFR, as explained by main trials including EMPA-REG, CANVAS, DECLARE-TIMI, DAPA-HF, CREDENCE, DAPA-CKD, etc. Genital mycotic infections, diabetic ketoacidosis, urinary tract infections, polyuria, nausea and constipation are common ADRs of SGLT2 inhibitors. Guidelines like KDIGO, ESC, and ADA/EASD explain the prescribing patterns of SGLT2 inhibitors. The use of SGLT2 inhibitors promotes benefits in both CKD and CVD patients, but patients with severe decline in eGFR need further study.

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Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; SGLT2 Inhibitors; Diabetic kidney disease; Cardiovascular disease.

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 Abstract

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??????? ?? ??????, ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ????, ?????? ??????, ????? ????????? ???????, ??? ??????? ?????, ???????? ???????, ??????? ??? ????????????, ??????? ????????????, ????? ??????????, ??????? ?????? .

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