Volume 14 | Issue 2 |

 Abstract

Abstract The healthcare industry has undergone substantial modifications as a result of developments that allow telemedicine services to fulfill the needs of patients. The current research aims to identify the factors that impact in shaping loyalty (LOY), engagement (ENG), and word-of-mouth (WOM). The research model incorporates Customer Relationship Management (CRM) framework, LOY, ENG , and WOM with satisfaction (SAT) and trust (TRU) as a moderator. Data were collected through a survey of 241 respondents representing diverse professions, geographical regions, and educational backgrounds, and analyzed using covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) with IBM AMOS. Findings suggest that all factors significantly deter LOY, ENG, and WOM, while personalization is the most significant. SAT and TRU significantly moderate the association between perceived value (PV) and LOY, ENG, and WOM, while PV is a mediator. It was also found that PV positively impacts on LOY, ENG, and WOM. The study also sets the path for future research that will investigate undiscovered dimensions and enhance tactics for improving telemedicine services.

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 Keywords

Keywords: Telemedicine, Customer Relationship Management, Perceived Value, Trust, Satisfaction, Loyalty, Engagement

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A 25-year-old female with a confirmed diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) presented with sudden onset of painful, reddish rashes on both lower limbs. She complained of burning sensation and swelling around the ankles and shins, without any recent history of infection or drug intake. On clinical examination, multiple palpable purpuric lesions were observed symmetrically distributed over the lower extremities, particularly around the knees, shins, and dorsal feet. Laboratory investigations showed elevated inflammatory markers (CRP and ESR), mild anemia and a positive ANA profile consistent with SLE. Renal function was normal. A skin biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of leukocytoclastic vasculitis, revealing neutrophilic infiltration around the blood vessels, along with nuclear debris and fibrinoid degeneration of the vessel walls. The patient was managed with systemic corticosteroids (prednisolone), hydroxychloroquine, and supportive care. Over the course of several weeks, the lesions gradually regressed, with residual post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. Leukocytoclastic vasculitis is a small-vessel vasculitis often triggered by infections, medications, or autoimmune disorders such as SLE. It typically presents as non-blanching palpable purpura and may be self-limiting or chronic, depending on the underlying etiology. In SLE, vasculitis represents disease activity and requires prompt immunosuppressive therapy. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent systemic involvement and scarring.

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Leukocytoclastic vasculitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, immunosuppressive therapy

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The Mah?bh?rata is not merely an epic narrative but a vast repository of India's traditional knowledge systems encompassing philosophy, ethics, governance, education, psychology, diplomacy, and social values. This paper examines the diverse traditional knowledge frameworks embedded in the Mah?bh?rata and analyzes their relevance for contemporary value education. Through episodes, dialogues, and character portrayals, the epic communicates foundational principles such as dharma (righteous conduct), karma (moral causation), n?ti (ethical governance), vidy? (holistic knowledge), and sa?sk?ra (moral refinement). The study highlights how pedagogical methods in the Mah?bh?rata--including dialogue, experiential learning, mentorship (guru-?i?ya tradition), storytelling, and moral reflection--serve as effective tools for inculcating values such as truthfulness, empathy, self-restraint, social responsibility, and ethical leadership. By situating these traditional knowledge systems within present-day educational contexts, the paper argues that the Mah?bh?rata offers a culturally rooted yet universally applicable framework for value-based education. The findings suggest that integrating these indigenous knowledge traditions into modern curricula can foster ethical awareness, critical thinking, and holistic development, thereby addressing contemporary moral and social challenges while preserving India's intellectual heritage.

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 Keywords

Mah?bh?rata, Traditional Knowledge Systems, Value Education, Dharma, Indigenous Knowledge, Moral Philosophy, Holistic Education

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This paper explored the forced transformation of Afghan Female's human capital through a systematic exclusion from formal employment after the august 2021. With the usage of secondary sources evidence from UN agencies and recent academic literatures, they depicts that participation of female in acquiring education, healthcare, social activity and public sector tasks has been collapsed, with only 7 percent of women are employed. In response, women have redirected skills into informal digital and social commerce, now serving as the primary income source for over 80 percent of women-led households. The findings show that this shift represents survival-driven in formalization rather than empowerment. Severe financial exclusion, lack of human resource structures, and fragile digital infrastructure constrain sustainability. Grounded in human capital and informal labour frameworks, the study argues that virtual work stabilizes short-term livelihoods but suppresses long-term returns and professional growth.

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Afghan women, Agency under constraints, Digital entrepreneurship, Informal labour markets, Virtual human capital

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The Indian legal framework presents a conundrum where the constitutional pledge to gender equality often collides with patriarchal traditions embedded in personal and religious laws. The conundrum became evident in multiple legal laws. The Sabarimala verdict highlights the tension between women Right to temple entry and equality and the patriarchal tradition based religious restrictions. In Muslim personal law, practices of polygamy and sanctioning triple talaq2 sustain Male authority within family structure. This paper scrutinizes the role of Indian law and how it negotiates the tension between its principles and patriarchal norms.

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Patriarchy, Mitakshara, Dayabhaga, Legal, Hindu joint family, Feminist approach.

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The development of an IOT-based health monitoring system for disabled individuals aims to provide continuous, reliable, and real-time observation of vital health parameters using a microcontroller-based embedded platform. Disabled persons often require constant medical supervision due to limited mobility or underlying health conditions, and conventional healthcare systems may not offer timely assistance during emergencies. This system integrates physiological sensors such as heart rate, body temperature, and ECG sensors with a microcontroller to continuously acquire and process health data. The collected data is transmitted through an IOT communication module, such as Wi-Fi or GSM, to a cloud-based platform where it is securely stored, analyzed, and visualized for remote access by caregivers, family members, or healthcare professionals. Predefined threshold values are used to detect abnormal health conditions, and an automatic alert mechanism is activated to notify concerned personnel through notifications or messages, enabling rapid medical intervention. The proposed system is designed to be low-cost, energy-efficient, and user-friendly, making it suitable for long-term use in home-based healthcare environments. By enabling real-time monitoring and remote supervision, this system enhances patient safety, reduces the need for constant physical presence of caregivers, and significantly improves the quality of life and independence of disabled individuals.

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Arduino Microcontroller, Internet of Things (IOT), Heart Beat Sensor, Temperature Sensor

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The protection of the child against child pornography under Cameroonian cyber criminality law represents a critical and urgent area of legal research, focusing on the measures enacted to combat the proliferation of child pornography within the digital landscape of Cameroon. Child pornography, defined by the United Nations as any visual depiction of sexually explicit conduct involving a minor, constitutes a grave violation of children's rights and dignity. Cyber criminality, or cybercrime, encompasses illegal activities executed through computer networks, highlighting the need for robust cyber law frameworks. Cameroonian cyber criminality law, particularly Law No. 2010/012 of 21 December 2010 on Cybersecurity and Cybercrime, establishes comprehensive legal provisions to address such crimes. This research examines the efficacy and scope of these measures, scrutinizing the legislative tools and enforcement mechanisms designed to suppress child pornography. Key sections such as Article 75 of the aforementioned law explicitly criminalizes the production, distribution, and possession of child pornography, stipulating severe penalties to deter offenders. Through a detailed analysis of these legislative measures, the research aims to elucidate the effectiveness of Cameroonian legal responses in safeguarding children from exploitation in the cyber realm.

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Child, Pornography, cyber criminality Law.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This paper analyses the economic and governance practices of Marathwada under Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj in the 17th century, highlighting their role in maintaining regional economic stability. While existing studies focus on military strategy and political power, economic governance has received little attention. Using a qualitative historical-analytical approach, the study examines agriculture and land revenue, water management, handicraft production, forest control, trade, financial practices, and decentralized governance as interrelated aspects of governance. The concept of sustainability is applied heuristically to assess the long-term orientation of these practices without projecting modern frameworks. The analysis shows that flexible income policies, resource control, and support for local economic networks contributed to continuity and resilience in an ecologically constrained region.

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Shivaji Maharaj, Marathwada, economic governance, pre-modern India, agrarian administration, sustainability

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The current study examines the combined effects of Psychological Capital (PsyCap) and perceived social support on employee engagement in the banking sector in South Gujarat, India. Using the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model and Conservation of Resources (COR) theory, this research examines how employees' internal psychological resources (via PsyCap) and external social supports interact to build a committed and engaged workforce. Using a cross-sectional quantitative study design, data were collected through a structured questionnaire from 537 employees working for a mix of public, private, cooperative, and small finance banks. To test the proposed conceptual model, the researcher employed Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), using covariance-based SEM and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to assess measurement model issues. All hypothesized relationships were supported empirically; PsyCap had a strong positive direct effect on engagement (? = .327, p < .001). Perceived social support (PSS) partially mediated the relationship between PsyCap and employee engagement, indicating that psychological strength has a greater effect on engagement when there is a corresponding source of social support to draw upon. The predictive power of the structural model is moderate: it explains 49.2% (R2) of the variance in employee engagement and 60.2% (R2) of the variance in social support. From a practical standpoint, the results indicate the importance of integrating PsyCap and PSS as key elements of employee engagement in the banking sector of southern Gujarat.

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Employee Engagement, Psychological Capital, Social Support, PLS-SEM, Bank

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This review synthesises literature on the factors that influence sustainable entrepreneurship among beneficiaries of the Prime Minister Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP). Focusing on economic, institutional, individual, market, regional, social, and environmental determinants, the paper examines how these factors shape enterprise creation, survival, growth, and sustainability in rural India, with implications for PMEGP implementation. The review draws on government reports, programme documents, empirical studies, and conceptual works to identify patterns and recurring barriers such as limited credit access, inadequate training, weak market linkages, and infrastructural shortfalls that constrain long-term sustainability. It also highlights enabling conditions, including targeted subsidies, inclusive outreach, strong institutional coordination, and appropriate capacity-building. The paper concludes with policy recommendations to strengthen PMEGP's sustainability outcomes and proposes priority areas for future empirical research, including longitudinal evaluations, district-level comparative studies, and focused analyses of environmental sustainability within PMEGP-supported enterprises.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

PMEGP, sustainable entrepreneurship, rural enterprises, government employment programmes

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition