Volume 14 | Issue 2 |

 Abstract

With more than 85% of today's network traffic encrypted using TLS/SSL, traditional Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) fail to inspect encrypted packets and detect hidden threats. Attackers increasingly hide malware, botnets, ransomware, and command-and-control traffic inside encrypted channels. This paper presents a Real-Time AI Threat Detection Framework using a hybrid 1D-CNN + BiLSTM deep learning model to identify malicious encrypted traffic without decrypting it. The model analyzes metadata features such as packet lengths, inter-arrival times, TLS handshake behavior, flow statistics, and directional patterns. Experimental results on CIC-IDS-2018 and ISCX VPN datasets show an accuracy of 98.3%, outperforming classical ML models. The proposed system is scalable, privacy-preserving, and suitable for Zero Trust networks.

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 Keywords

Encrypted Traffic Analysis, Deep Learning, Intrusion Detection, CNN-LSTM, Network Security, Real-Time Threat Detection.

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 Abstract

India aims to become 'Viksit Bharat' - a developed and self-reliant nation by 2047. It envisions creating an equitable and developed society where every individual has equal opportunities and accessibility to resources. By inclusivity, it promotes empowerment of marginalized communities, including women. Whereas water, which is fundamental for living, is still under threat, making effective water governance crucial for sustainable development. To address this, the right to access clean drinking water is protected under the broad framework of the Right to Life guaranteed under Article 21 of the Indian Constitution. Various government programs have been implemented to mitigate the water security challenges. Among them, the Jal Jeevan Mission, launched by the Government of India in 2019, aims to provide functional household tap water connections in every rural household. As there seems to be a gendered division of labour around water, mostly in rural settings which reinforces systemic inequities, making women remain marginalized. The mission not only focuses on the service delivery parameters, but also puts great emphasis on reducing the age-old drudgery of fetching water by women from the remotest villages of India. The initiative has urged women to participate in water governance and take active roles in managing the working of the mission at the community levels. This paper will assess the impact of this flagship programme on inclusive development, with particular emphasis on women empowerment. The study contributes in understanding how a government-led water policy has its impact on bridging gender disparities, which ultimately supports India's broader goal of becoming a developed and self-reliant nation by 2047.

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Water governance, women empowerment, inclusive development, Viksit Bharat.

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 Abstract

The rapid proliferation of social networking sites (SNSs) has significantly transformed the daily lives of students, influencing not only their social interactions but also their overall well-being. This study examines the impact of social networking site usage on the mental, emotional, physical, and academic well-being of students, with a particular focus on patterns of usage and associated outcomes. A descriptive survey research design was employed, and data were collected from a sample of students using a structured questionnaire. The instrument measured frequency and duration of SNS usage, platform preference, and perceived effects across multiple well-being dimensions. Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis were used to analyze the data. The findings reveal that excessive and prolonged use of social networking sites is associated with increased levels of mental fatigue, emotional stress, and reduced physical activity among students. Moderate negative relationships were observed between time spent on SNSs and indicators of academic concentration and productivity. Conversely, limited and purposeful use of social networking platforms demonstrated some positive effects, such as improved peer communication and access to academic resources. The results suggest that the impact of SNS usage on student well-being is not uniform but varies according to intensity, purpose, and individual engagement patterns. This study contributes to the growing body of literature on digital media and student well-being by providing empirical evidence from a student population and by adopting a multidimensional approach to well-being assessment. The findings underscore the need for awareness programs, digital literacy initiatives, and institutional guidelines to promote healthy and balanced social media usage among students. Future research may extend this work by employing longitudinal designs and incorporating qualitative perspectives to better understand long-term effects

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 Keywords

Social networking sites; Student well-being; Mental health; Emotional well-being; Academic performance; Digital media use; Social media impact.

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 Abstract

The quality and safety of country-made liquors (Desi Sharab) remain a critical public health concern in India due to frequent adulteration and dilution. This study is particularly dedicated towards adulteration through dilution. In this study, country-made liquor samples sold by the name 'Desi Madira Mashala Sharab' in short (Desi Sharab) were collected and analyzed using pH measurement, pycnometry and UV-Visible spectrophotometry. The pH values ranged between 5.08 and 6.32, showing that most samples were slightly acidic in nature and pH values near neutral, indicating dilution. The results obtained from pycnometer revealed that only sample A which is directlly collected from the Bapuna Alcobrew Pvt. Ltd. distillery (42.72% v/v) matched close to the labelled ethanol content of 42.8%. In contrast to this, other examined samples, showed significantly reduced ethanol content in the range of 25.37-41.74% v/v (~40% dilution). UV-Visible spectroscopy shows that in the diluted 'Desi Sharab' samples (obtained in pycnometer analysis) the absorbance for caramelized sugar was higher than standard 'Desi Sharab' sample. These results establish that the combination of pycnometry and UV-Visible spectrophotometry provides reliable, cost-effectiv, and non-destructive approach for routine monitoring of liquor authenticity.

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 Keywords

Ethanol, Country-made liquors, Desi Sharab, Dilution, pycnometer, UV-Visible Spectrophotometry

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Abstract Rapid urbanization and population growth have significantly increased the volume of municipal solid waste, placing pressure on existing waste management systems [1], [13]. Efficient segregation and timely collection of wet and dry waste are essential for sustainable urban development. However, conventional waste management practices rely heavily on historical averages and manual estimation, leading to inefficiencies in collection planning and resource utilization. This paper proposes EcoForecast AI, an Artificial Intelligence-based predictive analytics framework designed to anticipate wet and dry waste generation patterns. The framework analyzes historical waste data, seasonal variations, population dynamics, and consumption behavior to forecast future waste quantities. By integrating machine learning models with predictive analytics, the proposed system enables proactive waste collection planning, optimized resource allocation, and improved segregation strategies. Furthermore, Power BI is utilized as a dynamic visualization and reporting tool within the framework. By creating interactive dashboards, Power BI allows municipal authorities to monitor real-time waste generation trends, identify high-risk areas, and evaluate the effectiveness of collection strategies. The visualizations also support scenario analysis, enabling stakeholders to simulate the impact of policy changes, population growth, or seasonal variations on waste generation. The combination of AI-based forecasting with Power BI's intuitive dashboards enhances transparency, informed decision-making, and citizen engagement in smart waste management initiatives. Experimental evaluation using simulated municipal datasets demonstrates improved prediction accuracy, reduced forecasting error, and enhanced decision-making capabilities. EcoForecast AI, complemented by Power BI's visualization capabilities, offers a scalable and intelligent solution for smart and sustainable urban waste management systems.

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Keywords: Predictive analytics, Artificial Intelligence, Waste management, Wet waste, Dry waste, Smart cities, Power BI, Data visualization, Decision support systems, Sustainable urban planning.

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Yoga, an age-old discipline based in Indian subcontinental wisdom, provides significant insights into promoting social cohesion. In addition to its well-known psychological and physical advantages, yoga has unrealized potential for fostering compassion, empathy, and a sense of community among people. The aim of this review is to examine the theoretical underpinnings, empirical evidence, and practical applications of the concept and Practices of Yoga Traditions in promoting social cooperation by synthesizing knowledge from classical yogic texts with current research. This text explores the theoretical foundations of yoga in fostering social collaboration, which include the yama and niyama, the interconnection between the mind and body, and the development of compassion and empathy. This study presents empirical evidence that demonstrates the effectiveness of yoga practices in improving social collaboration. It also discusses practical ways in which yoga may be used to promote social cooperation, including implementing yoga programmes in schools, organising community outreach projects, and using yoga as a tool for resolving interpersonal conflicts. This thorough analysis highlights the transformational potential of yoga as a catalyst for societal well-being and harmonious relationships by drawing on qualitative data and academic literature. The synthesis of traditional knowledge with modern outcome based scientific approach may be vital & beneficial for the entire society.

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Yoga, Social Cooperation, Social Behavior, Ancient Wisdom, Traditional Knowledge.

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The integration of technology into Human Resource Management (HRM) has revolutionized how organizations recruit, train, evaluate, and retain their workforce. This article, based on a detailed MBA research project conducted at Hajee A.P. Bava & Co. Constructions Pvt. Ltd. (HAPBCO), Hyderabad, explores how digital transformation enhances HR operations, improves efficiency, and reshapes employee engagement in the construction and engineering sector. Supported by extensive literature and practical findings, the study underscores how technology not only streamlines HR processes but also aligns them strategically with organizational goals.

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The Evolving Role of Technology in Human Resource Management: Insights from HAPBCO's HR Practices

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This study has been undertaken to investigate the determinants of stock returns in Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE) using two assets pricing models the classical Capital Asset Pricing Model and Arbitrage Pricing Theory model. To test the CAPM market return is used and macroeconomic variables are used to test the APT. The macroeconomic variables include inflation, oil prices, interest rate and exchange rate. For the very purpose monthly time series data has been arranged from Jan 2010 to Dec 2014. The analytical framework contains.

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Prof. N.V.PATIL

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There are innumerable life skills. Some are specific to certain situations while others are of a generic in nature. Based on various theoretical perspectives, as well as intervention and training in this area across cultures, a core set of ten generic life skills are identified which are basic to every culture and can be used for promotion of psychosocial health in children and adolescents. These skills include decision making, problem solving, empathy, self awareness, communication, interpersonal relationship, coping with emotions, coping with stress, creative thinking and critical thinking. Across cultures life skills education is similar in three important ways. First the most important aspect is learning of life skills which are essentially those abilities which help promote mental well being. Since independence, nearly all commissions and committees on school education have consistently emphasized the paramount importance of fostering a scientific attitude among students. Recognizing the pivotal role of science in driving progress and innovation, these bodies have underscored the need for educational systems to cultivate curiosity, critical thinking, and a spirit of inquiry from an early age. By instilling a scientific attitude, students are encouraged to approach learning with an open mind, question established beliefs, and seek evidence-based explanations.

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life skill education , prospective teachers, scientific attitude , arts, science.

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Robert J. Sternberg's concept of transformational creativity represents a significant advancement in the study of creative cognition. It moves beyond traditional notions of novelty and appropriateness to propose creativity as a reconstructive and paradigm-shifting phenomenon. This paper offers a comprehensive theoretical analysis of Sternberg's notion, situating it within his Propulsion Model of Creative Contributions (Sternberg, 1999) and connecting it with his broader Triarchic Theory of Intelligence (Sternberg, 1985), Investment Theory of Creativity (Sternberg & Lubart, 1991), and WICS model (Sternberg, 2003). Drawing from cognitive, socio-cultural, and philosophical perspectives, the paper elaborates on how transformational creativity transcends adaptation to become a vehicle of epistemic transformation, ethical imagination, and educational reform. The discussion concludes by positioning transformational creativity as a bridge between cognitive science, moral reasoning, and future-oriented education. Transformational creativity. A new and useful way to determine the creative process. It is a deliberate and spontaneous wisdom-based entity to produce new things which are socially relevant. One of the important research projects conducted by Sternberg. In recent days this concept is called transformational giftedness. Sternberg says that the concept of transformational creativity is derived from Transformational giftedness. (Sternberg, 2024). It is a purposeful integration of creativity and wisdom (we can smell the balance theory of wisdom) to produce novel and useful ideas in the social contexts.Sometimes creativity is harmful and destroys the existing conditions of the socio- personal context that is called malignant creativity or malevolent . It is a toxic creativity which is harmful disturbing and disapproved. Transformational creativity is opposite from that it is a deliberate process of manifesting the possibilities. We can correlate Swami ji's Idea that "manifestation of perfection".It is also different from the tit for tat creativity or short term creativity. Because it integrates wisdom on and value. It is a radical application of transformative Paradigm and the concept of Praxis (Action, reflection and transformation)

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 Keywords

transformational creativity, epistemic transformation, Investment Theory of Creativity, WICS model

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