Volume 8 | Issue 2 |

 Abstract

The sacrosanct issue of cultural repatriation is built on the foundation of human values and its historical significance, which goes beyond the trade interests and property rights paradigm. One such issue is the never ending dispute over the ownership of the Kohinoor diamond, a magnificent piece of jewelry which holds great significance in the history of India. The main aim of this research paper is to establish a legal pathway to retain such a precious artefact by tracing back the identity and connected destiny of this precious stone. As there seems to be no records that support the absolute ownership of the diamond, the research paper aims in connecting the legal and non-legal aspect. But as per the latest order of the Supreme Court of India, the matter can only be taken up in the International forum as the possession of the diamond is currently with Britain. Hence, as the Indian legal system is absolutely helpless in this situation only the foriegn affairs ministry of the country could bring a plausible justification to the same. The never ending battle for the Kohinoor in the Indian Courts has undergone a legal burial after all as the Bench proclaimed that it has no jurisdiction and with no power to take up the case the legal system is helpless. Hence, the historians have to succumb to the efforts of repatriating the diamond leaving them to establish in their textbooks that the British stole the Diamond from a young Indian prince over a contract that was drafted way back in time.

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 Keywords

Cultural repatriation, trade interests, property rights, History of India, Kohinoor, jurisdiction, legal burial, Foreign Affairs ministry, absolute ownership.

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 Abstract

Malware is pervasive in networks, and poses a critical threat to network security. However, we have very limited understanding of malware behavior in networks to date. In this project, we investigate how malware propagates in networks from a global perspective. We formulate the problem, and establish a rigorous two layer epidemic model for malware propagation from network to network. Based on the proposed model, our analysis indicates that the distribution of a given malware follows exponential distribution, power law distribution with a short exponential tail, and power law distribution at its early, late and final stages, respectively. Extensive experiments have been performed through two real-world global scale malware data sets, and the results confirm our theoretical findings.

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 Keywords

Malware, Propagation, Epidemic Model, Power Law, Exponential Distribution.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Women empowerment is a process in which women challenges the existing traditions and culture which are gender biased. Taking part of women in self-help groups (SHGs) makes a significant impact on their empowerment both in social & economical aspect. This study addresses women empowerment through self-help groups in Nadaun block of Hamirpur district in H.P.The study has been conducted from both, primary & secondary sources. A random sampling method has been used. Chi �square test has been used to draw meaningful results. The result of the study revealed that the SHGs have had greater impact on economic, social and digital empowerment aspects of the beneficiaries.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Digital Empowerment, Economical, SHGs etc.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Travel writing, Politics, History, Breaking Stereotype

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords: Autobiography, Dalit Women, Dalit Christian, Caste exploitation, oppression

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Punica granatum is an extremely significant medicinal plant with commercial significance and is known for its antioxidant potential. The pericarp is a leftover unwanted part of the Punica granatum fruit that has been reported to have several medicinal uses in traditional medicine. This study focuses on analyzing the antibacterial potential of the pericarp extracts and its synergistic antibiotic effect with some beta lactum antibiotics against methicillin-resstant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA). The antibacterial actions of water extract of dried out Punica granatum pericarps were tested against MRSA strains by agar well diffusion method. The pericarp extract sterilized by bacterial filter proved advanced inhibitory outcome against the MRSA strains. Then the pericarp extract is combined with beta lactum antibiotics such as cephalothin, cloxacillin, ofloxacin and cefoxitin. Cephalothin and ofloxacin are effective against MRSA strains individually and shows synergistic effect with Punica granatum fruit pericarp extracts. But cloxacillin and cefoxitin, are not effective against MRSA strains individually but shows synergistic effect when combined with fruit pericarp extracts. The synergistic effect of antibiotic is assessed using Checkerboard Assay method.

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 Keywords

Punica granatum, Betalactum antibiotics, Methicillin-Resstant Staphylococcus aureus, Medicinal Plant

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Electricity is the backbone of any economy. Electrical energy is the indispensable force that drives all economic activity the greater the energy consumption, the more the economic activity, resulting in the emergence of growth. A steady growth in the economy is a prerequisite for any nation desirous of becoming a developed country. Demand of electricity in India is very high, to meet the growing demand, transformers are playing major role. As the demand of electricity increases, rate of failure of transformers & reactors is also increasing, below referred graph 1a & 1b & table 1 showing energy demand & requirement in India, (source: LGRB 2018-19 report of CEA). This paper based on statistical analysis of catastrophic failures of transformer & reactors. They are designed & constructed in such a way to serve at least 35 years, but they failed very earlier. For the study we have collected data from different utilities across India i.e 21 transformer & 4 reactors of different voltage class. All they are failed between 1st sept. 2015 to 31st Dec 2016. Transformer and reactors are one of the most expensive equipment�s of sub-station. Failure of these equipment�s is just like an ice burg and its impact is unbelievable such as unbalancing of transmission system grid, reliability of network and as well as huge revenue loss and take hundreds of man hour to restore the service and restoring cost i.e lum-sum 50-60K USD which includes cost of arrangement of new part or complete tank, T&P, filter machine, oil storage tank, dry air generator, dismantling of bushing, turrets, cooler units ,Vehicle & Crane for lifting & shifting of materials , dragging, shifting of new transformer, re-erection of bushing, turrets, cooler units, testing & also arranging a team of experts for identifying the root cause of failure. Around the world, utilities apply different approaches to estimate the actual stage of life of their assets. Two main methodologies can be distinguished here; bottom-up and top-down analysis. The bottom-up analysis focuses on the degradation and condition assessment of individual assets. The base for such an analysis is maintenance and diagnostics reports (e.g. DGA, PD-measurement, FRA, dielectric response), loading history and aging characteristics obtained through investigations performed on service-aged materials. The top-down analysis investigates the condition of the whole population by means of analytical tools (e.g. statistical distributions). In such approach, the information about number and ages of both failed and installed units are essential. Emphasis is put in this case on economic and strategic life-time assessment. Results of a top-down analysis are e.g. failure frequency, age of assets which are most likely to fail. However, both approaches have certain limitations, imposed by the differences in design and operating regimes. The main aim of this paper is to discuss modes of failure, causes of failures, service life, failure trend based on statistical analysis. Study of every failure is important, they provide a key information to design more reliable and efficient product.

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 Keywords

Transformer & Reactors, Failure, Faults, Overloading

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The idea of ethnocentrism was initially utilized by sociologists and anthropologists, however after some time different orders have embraced and utilized it generally. All things considered, regardless of the wide utilization (or maybe as a result of it), ethnocentrism has been a dangerous idea, with changed, free, and conflicting uses. Ethnocentrism is frequently assembled, or even utilized reciprocally, with ideas, for example, bigotry, patriotism, separation, partiality, and xenophobia. Like these related ideas, ethnocentrism is viewed as a bothersome marvel. As needs be, a significant capacity of most utilizations of ethnocentrism is to censure it as negative, wrong, and hurtful, and the basic is to stay away from, lessen, and kill it. Albeit different creators have regularly addressed whether it is conceivable to kill ethnocentrism, it is uncommon to utilize the idea with positive undertones, despite the fact that now and again ethnocentrism has been seen as important. All in all, two calculated errors have influenced the investigation of ethnocentrism. The principal false notion alludes to the inclination to utilize the idea of ethnocentrism to indicate various and irrelevant wonders. The subsequent false notion relates to the inclination to contemplate the wonder of ethnocentrism utilizing various ideas. For instance, the anthropologist Franz Boas, one of the most vocal rivals and pundits of ethnocentrism, regularly expounded on marvels that others marked ethnocentrism, however didn't utilize the idea itself in his significant compositions. It is no uncertainty because of the early expansive, uncertain, and free uses that ethnocentrism has implied various things to various controls and people. Likewise, notwithstanding authentic intrigue, it is essential to comprehend the first utilizations of ethnocentrism as these have influenced most future uses.

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 Keywords

Ethnocentrism, anthropologist, inclination, investigation, partiality

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In recent days, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has played a major role in the field of medical imaging. Segmentation of MRI datasets helps in brain abnormalities detection by improved understanding, predicting the growth rate and enhanced treatment planning. Manual segmentation is identified to be more time consuming and sometimes the results are inaccurate. Automating the above task lies the real challenge owing to the problem of intensity inhomogeneity that occurs in the MRI dataset. Deep learning has been already excelling in wide ranged fields like text processing, Image Segmentation, Speech recognition, drug discovery, toxicology and various other fields. Deep learning for medical image analysis helps to integrate various ideas through their convolutional and fully connected networks. In this study we discuss about brain tumor which has its mortality level increasing at an alarming rate. In our proposal various brain tumor prediction and segmentation techniques are discussed and the best approach is compared for overall performance using various deep learning approaches.

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 Keywords

Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Brain tumor Segmentation and Brain abnormalities.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Education is the basic tool for empowering a woman; moreover, Education is the key to development. India has made progress in education, but not enough and definitely India attained independence, almost sixty percent of girls / women are not literate. Most of them have never been to school or any other education programmee. Education-basic, functional or digital, always enlightens a person from the darkness of ignorance and innocence. Awareness about importance of cleanliness, good habits and knowledge about various disciplines helps a woman to support her family and groom her children as better citizens of the society. Girls need life skills. Thinking critically, empathizing and relying on themselves help them meet day-to-day challenges and make informed decisions. When girls learn these skills and how to use them daily, they become better to handle the challenges they may face, from gender and many situations. The primary aim of running girls school is to provide a safe and comfortable environment for the girl child. In India, the girls rarely get a chance to get a proper education, and these schools ensure they get the best ambience to study. The present paper focuses on status and challenges of Girl�s Secondary Education in India.

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 Keywords

Girl�s Education, Secondary School, National Programs, Andhra Pradesh

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition