Volume 8 | Issue 2 |

 Abstract

ABSTRACT A quarter billion people worldwide live outside their country of nationality. Most of them are migrants, people who opt to leave their countries seeking greater opportunity. One-tenth of them, though, are refugees. They are fleeing political persecution and other acute threats. Most refugees go to countries neighboring their own, in part so that they can return home when circumstances change. The work of protecting refugees is carried out by a vast array of organizations. Some are public, others private; some are global, others grassroots. States, however, are the ultimate arbiters of their work. The international refugee regime, under the guiding hand of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), has proven adept at providing life-saving assistance in response to emergencies but has been challenged to provide meaningful opportunities for the long-term displaced or support the communities hosting them. Compounding the challenges, it faces is the retreat of many advanced democracies amid rising anti-immigrant sentiment. Established by the 1951 convention and its 1967 protocol, the regime envisioned refugee status as a temporary one for people who fear or have suffered persecution on the basis of race, religion, nationality, membership in a social group, or political opinion and who as a result require protection until they can return to their countries of origin; gain permanent residency in the country to which they have fled; or be resettled in a third country. The current state of the international refugee regime provides us with tried and tested tools to address them. What is needed now is to put our collective resources and capacities to their most effective use. We are already seeing this in the recent move towards creating a proposed Global Compact on Responsibility Sharing for Refugees, as set out in the UN secretary-general�s report, In Safety and Dignity: Addressing Large Movements of Refugees and Migrants. We are also seeing this with innovative directions in protection, assistance, and solutions for refugees that are helping us to operationalize long-standing principles of protection, transforming them into tangible results for refugees. New forms of group determination, combined with community-based protection and other measures, can help to ensure an appropriate legal status while at the same time identifying specific protection needs. Protection strategies can inform frameworks for governing migration and meeting the needs of the most vulnerable migrants. The integration of services to refugees within national systems and the expansion of cash-based programming can meet essential needs for assistance more effectively. The Humanitarian-Obligation of World at Large realization of Rights of the Refugees can provide the building for achieving a long-term solution, which remain, as ever, the ultimate aspiration of the international refugee protection regime. Thus, viewing the refugee problem in the context of humanitarian rights has assumed unprecedented importance today. The present article considers some of the basic human rights of refugees and their implications in the area of refugee protection. It also surveys the human rights of refugees in India and gives a brief account of the impact which human rights principles have made on the current programs and policies of UNHCR and the increasing involvement of human rights bodies in matters relating to refugees. Humanitarian emergencies are becoming increasingly frequent and thus, for want of better protection of human rights in these circumstances, humanitarian policy-making and emergency response need to take an integrated approach combining needs-based and rights-based approaches.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

KEYWORDS- Refugees, Displaced Persons, Rights, Humanitarian, Obligation, Extradition, Expulsion, Refoulement, Asylum, Non-discrimination, Protection of Refugees, International Humanitarian law, Chakmas, Right to life and Personal Security, Safeguard, Convention etc.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Recently Open Access (OA) is a widely debated issue in the scientific community as well as in the publishing industry. No doubt people in all walks of life are greatly benefitted by the OA philosophy, libraries and information centers have been the prime beneficiaries of the new model of information access and delivery. The main objective of this OA ventures is to make the recorded scholarly output freely available to all readers over the Internet. The paper is a case study of E-LIS repository which provides open access LIS spread through worldwide. In this study I try to put the lime light on the Asian countries as a good contributor in the E-LIS repository. The study found that India is the highest contributor to the repository among all the 42 Asian countries with 658 submissions as a whole.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Open Access, Open Access Initiatives, Self archiving, Digital Repository, E-LIS

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

samajik nyay

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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samajik nyay

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Transformational leadership is a specific leadership style applied by leaders who motivate and inspire their subordinates to perform in the organization. Job satisfaction refers to the employee�s perceptions of their working conditions, compensation, independence, authority, creativity and security. The review shows that job satisfaction is related to employee�s relations with superiors, recognition by employer and working environment. Similarly, an organization�s leadership refers to its leadership style of providing directions and motivation to the employees. Transformational leadership depends upon the leadership style executed by the superiors under the dimensions such as idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation and individual consideration. Google forms, Multifactor Leadership Questionnaires (Form 5X-Short) and Minnesota Job Satisfaction Questionnaires based on transformational leadership and employee�s job satisfaction using Correlation and Regression analysis is considered in the study, with a sample of 100 employees from the organization to provide a critical review of the relation between transformational leadership and job satisfaction experienced by employees at a service provider company as Housejoy Pvt. Ltd.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Transformational Leadership, Idealized Influence, Inspirational Motivation, Intellectual Stimulation, Individual Consideration and Job Satisfaction

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Yamuna River is the second largest tributary of Ganges .It is originating from the Yamunotri Glacier at a height of 6,387 meters on the southwestern slopes of Banderpooch peaks of the lower Himalaya in Uttrakhand. It travels a total length of 1,376 kilometers. It is one of the most polluted rivers in India. Yamuna river flows only for 54 kilometers from Palla to Baderpur through Delhi, the 22 km stretch from Wazirabad to Okhla, which is the less than 2 percent of the river length of 1370 kilometers from Yamunotri to Prayagraj, accounts of about 76 percent of the pollution level in the river. This 2 percent stretch from Wazirabad to Okhla has maximum discharge of untreated industrial and domestic waste. The undeveloped sewerage system and unavailability of sewerage lines in Delhi are affecting the water quality of Yamuna River by falling of untreated sewage water through the open drains. The 21 drains discharge around 850 MGD (million gallons per day) of sewage into the Yamuna every day. Looking to the severe condition of the sewerage system, it was decided to carry out a study to analyze the effect of open drainage system on water quality (Physico-chemical parameters) of Yamuna River and status of sewage generation and treatment.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Physico-chemical parameters, wastewater,Yamuna River, open drains, sewage generation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The very rapid emergence of industrialisation, globalisation and technicalities formed with the rise of this computer technology. One of the products of E-commerce is E Contract, example are Online shopping, online banking, online auction act.In this age of IT, the whole transaction can be completed in seconds, with both parties simply affixing their electronic signatures to an electronic copy of their contract and this type of contract is legally valid under Information Technology Act 2000.But in whole over the Act none of the section says about parties eligibility to perform the online contract, only section 11 of the IT Act said about attribution of the electronic record to the originator. For getting the legally eligibility of the parties we have to consult The Indian Contract Act 1872.It is one of the great defect of IT Act 2000, which also create confusion among the parties on legally validity of their contract. And under certain circumstances parties were under confusion to whom they will blame in case of breach of online contract because the parties didn't know each other face to face and the digital signature of the person affixed on their contract might be of a minor, or of a unsound person.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The present paper provides some discussion and result about the age of the universe

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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relativity,cosmology,universe,galaxy

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In recent years due to the onset of globalization and consequent economic prosperity, there is an increase in the commission of white collar crimes. One reason attributed for increase in white collar crimes is the growth of corporate sector. Despite their being legal measures to control white collar crimes, we find that in recent times the Asian region particularly in India big corporate names have managed to escape the clutches of law, partly this could be attributed to the growth of countries as important economic players. Sociologists observe this phenomenon as social deviance; however criminologists consider this as an act of violation of the law with the criminal intent. The SAARC nation�s agenda for the welfare of the people of South Asia plays an important role in preventing such crimes. The Prevention of Corruption Amendment Act (2018) of India tries to tackle the problem of white collar crimes. Further the Central Vigilance Commission Act, the Lokpal and Lokayuktha act all have an important role in investigating white collar crimes. The Governance model in South Asia has to take note of the developments around the globe to check the commission of white collar crimes. The Co-operation of International Agencies assisted by local police networks will go a long way in controlling such crimes. Non regulation of white collar crimes may not only negate the economic achievements that the countries are making but also may eat up the social welfare fund of the government. This paper is an attempt to analyse the socio legal problems of white collar crimes in the context of governance model in South Asia

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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White collar crime,Legal regime

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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microstrip patch antenna, MIMO antenna, 5G,Mutual coupling

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In this paper, we discussed about technology and how the technological tools is used in sports and games. For this purpose, we review the existing lines of research on this topic. The use of technological applications is now widespread across many games and sports disciplines. The revolutionary innovations in technology have changed the shape of sports scenario in which athletes are monitored in daily training and competitions environment. Technology is the best way to avoid mistakes in organization and administration of various sports and games at all levels. The uses of electronic technologies and internet applications have made the teaching-learning process more efficient. This paper elaborates the use and benefits of collaboration of technologies and sports and games.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Technology, sports, internet, electronic gadgets, computer

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition