Volume 14 | Issue 2 |

 Abstract

Land has historically constituted the foundation of social organisation, economic life, and political authority among the different communities in the world and Monpa of Arunachal Pradesh are no exception. Embedded within a complex system of customary law, Monpa land categories structured access to resources, defined social hierarchy, regulated inheritance, and mediated relations between households, monasteries, and governing institutions. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork conducted in the Dakpa-Pangchen region of Tawang district, this paper documents and analyses indigenous land categories such as Mang Sa, Khral, Ma Khral, Zhurpa, Gan Sa, and Parmong. This study argues that these categories function not merely as economic units but as socio-political institutions that ensured social balance, ecological sustainability, and inter-generational continuity. In the contemporary context, however, these traditional systems are undergoing transformation due to state administration, market integration, and changing aspirations. This paper further examines how these traditional categories translate into economic outcomes in the present day, particularly in the context of government land acquisition, compensation distribution, and shifting livelihood patterns. By recording these practices at the village level, the paper contributes to the preservation of indigenous knowledge systems and provides an empirical basis for culturally sensitive land governance in the eastern Himalayas.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Monpa, Monyul, Khral, Indigenous Land Systems, Dakpa-Pangchen, Customary Law, Social Stratification, Economic Transformation

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Queer Futurity, Heteronormativity, Concrete Utopia, LGBTQ

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Arunachal Pradesh formally known as NEFA is situated in North Eastern part of Indian territory.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Nyishi, Nyibus, Rituals, Taboos,Wiyus

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Art and Science represent two foundational pillars of human understanding and experience. Each contributes our understanding of the world. While Science focuses on empirical facts and the knowledge of the physical world, Art facilitates the interpretation and emotional connection to that knowledge. In the context of Biology--a science often taught with strict adherence to its specialized content and boundaries--traditional teaching methods can inadvertently contribute to high-pressure academic environments. This pressure can hinder student engagement and comprehension, particularly in complex subjects such as Biomolecules. This mixed-method study employed a sequential explanatory design to examine the impact of Art Integrated Learning (AIL) on reducing academic stress while enhancing comprehension in Biology. Two groups of students were studied: an Art-Based Activity Group (ABAG) and a Non-Art-Based Activity Group (NABAG). Quantitative data were collected through pre-test and post-test assessments focused on three challenging topics in Biomolecules. The results revealed that the ABAG not only achieved significantly higher post-test scores but also reported lower levels of academic stress compared to the NABAG. Qualitative analysis of student-created artwork suggested that the integration of art into the learning process allowed students to engage with the material in a more relaxed and creative manner, thereby reducing the cognitive load and pressure often associated with mastering difficult biological concepts. The findings suggest that incorporating Art into the teaching of Biology not only improves academic performance but also contributes to a more supportive and less stressful learning environment. This approach represents a significant step toward creating a more holistic and enjoyable educational experience, where students can thrive both intellectually and emotionally.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Art Integrated learning, Biology teaching, Reduce pressure, Academic Environment

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The paper will explore the concept of entrepreneurship education as one of the solutions to socio-economic empowerment of women in Arunachal Pradesh, which is a culturally diverse and geographically isolated area characterized by unique development challenges. The study is qualitative and exploratory and explores the role played by formal, non-formal, and informal entrepreneurial education in enhancing skills, confidence, generating income and social involvement amongst women. The results show that entrepreneurship education is effective in improving the economic capacity and contributing to social empowerment through increasing the power of decision making, mobility and social recognition among women. Nevertheless, empowerment results are different based on capabilities of having quality training, institutional support and enabling environments. Women-led enterprises are limited in terms of structural factors like limited finance, weak market connectivity, inadequate infrastructure and entrenched gender norms, which reduce the scalability and sustainability of these ventures. The paper notes that there is a necessity to have context-specific, gender-sensitive policies that combine entrepreneurship education with financial inclusion, market access, and institutional support. The paper adds to the conversation on regional and gender-related development through the foregrounding of education as the key facilitator of women empowerment in Arunachal Pradesh.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

entrepreneurship education, women's empowerment, socio-economic development, Arunachal Pradesh, skill development, gender inclusion, livelihoods

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Kamala Markandaya (1924-2004) stands as a major voice in Indian English fiction, known for her insightful portrayal of the clash between traditional Indian values and the unsettling rise of modern forces. Her novels, mostly situated in post-independence India, address issues such as industrial growth, Western influence, class disparity, and spiritual upheaval. This study examines how this tension unfolds in four of her significant works -- Nectar in a Sieve, Some Inner Fury, The Coffer Dams, and Possession. Through close attention to characterization, cultural environments, and narrative structure, the paper contends that Markandaya avoids simplistic binaries: she neither idealizes the past nor blindly endorses modernization. Instead, she envisions a human-centered mode of progress that must be anchored in cultural continuity. Her fiction highlights both the damaging consequences of development--displacement, exploitation, cultural loss--and the sustaining force of tradition--community, identity, and moral grounding. Ultimately, her novels advocate a thoughtful and compassionate negotiation between heritage and change, a perspective increasingly relevant in the contemporary global world.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Tradition; Modernity; Industrialization; Postcolonialism; Cultural Encounter.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming the nature of work and human resource (HR) practices, leading to new trends in organizational structures and work processes. Today, AI is widely used in recruitment, performance evaluation, training, employee monitoring, and workforce management. The paper analyzes the impact of artificial intelligence on work patterns and human resource practices from psychological and sociological perspectives. This study adopts a descriptive and analytical research method based on primary and secondary sources. (such as research articles, books, reports, and reliable digital resources). From a psychological perspective, the study examines employees' work motivation, mental stress, job security perceptions, and adaptability to technological change. From a sociological perspective, it analyzes changes in workplace relationships, power structures, skill requirements, and emerging forms of inequality influenced by AI-driven HR systems. The findings reveal that AI-based HR practices improve efficiency, transparency, and decision-making accuracy. However, they also increase employees' concerns related to job insecurity, work pressure, and reduced sense of control. Sociologically, AI is redefining workplace supervision, skill-based divisions, and authority relations, which may intensify social inequality if not managed carefully. The study concludes that the adoption of AI in human resource management must follow a human-centered, ethical, and inclusive approach to ensure employee well-being, social balance, and sustainable development in the changing world of work.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence (AI), Future of Work, Human Resource Practices, Workplace Psychology, Sociological Analysis, Digital Inequality

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

ABSTRACT Agriculture is a vital sector of the Indian economy, contributing significantly to employment generation, rural income, and national economic development. In recent years, the sector has been confronted with challenges such as rising input costs, labour shortages, climate uncertainty, and inefficiencies in traditional farming practices. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as an innovative technological solution capable of improving agricultural efficiency, productivity, and sustainability through applications such as precision farming, crop monitoring, predictive analytics, and smart resource management. The present study aims to examine the level of awareness, perception, and acceptance of Artificial Intelligence in agriculture among selected respondents in Ernakulam District, Kerala. The study follows a descriptive research design and is based on both primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected from 28 respondents using a structured questionnaire, while secondary data were obtained from journals, research articles, and government publications. The findings of the study reveal that although respondents generally exhibit a positive attitude towards the application of AI in agriculture, the actual level of awareness and adoption of AI-based technologies remains limited. High implementation costs, lack of technical expertise, and inadequate digital infrastructure are identified as major constraints affecting adoption. The study highlights the need for policy support, financial incentives, and capacity-building initiatives to encourage the adoption of AI in agriculture. The findings are expected to assist policymakers, agricultural institutions, and agribusiness stakeholders in formulating effective strategies for integrating AI into the agri-food system and promoting sustainable economic growth.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence, Agricultural Technology, Precision Farming, Technology Adoption, Agri-Business, Sustainable Development

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Values are central to human life. They constitute the foundation of moral behaviour, social cohesion, individual identity and cultural system. This article examines the philosophical, sociological, and psychological bases of values, drawing upon classical and contemporary scholarship. Their interdisciplinary study reveals how individuals and societies construct meaning. Philosophy explores what ought to be valued; sociology investigates how values emerge from social interactions; psychology examines how values develop and influence behaviour. Understanding these foundations is essential for interpreting human behaviour and social systems. This paper provides an integrated exploration of the philosophical, sociological, and psychological foundations of values and also highlights how normative reasoning, social structures, and cognitive development collectively shape the nature and function of human values.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Philosophy, sociology, psychology, values, behaviour, cognition, intuition, culture and good.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Women continue to face obstacles in nearly every aspect of life, experiencing gender inequality and discrimination both within the household and in the public sphere. In many cultures, they are traditionally confined to domestic identities as daughters, wives, and mothers, and are placed beneath men in the patriarchal order of authority. Their limited representation in social, economic, and political spaces stems from long standing historical, cultural, and economic conditions that restrict their access to education, financial autonomy, and upward mobility. Patriarchy reinforces the notion that women are naturally suited for caregiving roles, thereby justifying their exclusion from positions of power. Over generations, women have been conditioned to accept these subordinate roles, often due to cultural expectations, fear of social disapproval, and the pressure to uphold family honour over personal aspirations. This internalization is deeply rooted, as women are repeatedly taught to prioritize obedience and familial duty above individual ambition. Within modern Indian literature, Manju Kapur's Home is notable for its insightful portrayal of women's experiences within traditional family and societal frameworks. The novel centers on Nisha, whose life reflects the tensions of living in a joint family and symbolizes the broader struggle between conventional norms and emerging modern values. Through Nisha's pursuit of autonomy and self realization, Kapur highlights the complex interplay between personal desire, family obligations, and societal expectations. The novel also exposes several entrenched social problems--caste discrimination, class prejudice, superstitious practices, the denial of education to girls, and child sexual abuse--revealing how these forces further constrain women's lives. This research paper focuses specifically on the challenges women face within patriarchal structures and examine how Kapur's narrative illuminates the broader realities of gender oppression and the challenges women face within patriarchal society, highlighting how family structures and cultural norms marginalize women and restrict their autonomy and sense of self worth.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Gender Inequality, Discrimination, Class Prejudice, Social Disapproval

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition